Periparturient immunosuppression in the bitch and its influence on infection with Toxocara canis
Abstract
Pregnancy and lactation in dogs induced a marked suppression of their immunological responsiveness as judged by in vitro phytomitogen‐ and Toxocara canis antigen‐induced lymphocyte transformation. In addition, the eosinophilia otherwise seen following infection with T. canis was suppressed during the periparturient period. Coincidental with this periparturient immunosuppression was the occurrence of heavy infections with T. canis in the intestine of lactating bitches and the establishment of such infections perhaps may be related to the suppressed immune reactivity observed. These infections in the bitch appeared to be acquired primarily through the ingestion of immature stages of T. canis passed in the faeces of their puppies. The results demonstrate that the lactating bitch can be a major source of contamination of the environment with eggs of T. canis.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Bitches are a major source of infection for their off-spring because, after an infection occurs in their life, they harbour somatic larvae.
“Bitches are a major source of infection for their off-spring because, after an infection occurs in their life, they harbour somatic larvae.”
From Pet roundworms and hookworms: A continuing need for global worming (2012) · cites this paper as [10]
Pups become infected in utero by the second month of gestation, which results in egg shedding after a minimum period of about two weeks after birth.
“Pups become infected in utero by the second month of gestation, which result in egg shedding after a minimum period of about two weeks after birth [10,11].”
From Pet roundworms and hookworms: A continuing need for global worming (2012) · cites this paper as [10]
Resting larvae mobilize during pregnancies and infect subsequent litters even when re-infections do not occur.
“These resting larvae will mobilize during pregnancies and infect subsequent litters even when re-infections do not occur.”
From Pet roundworms and hookworms: A continuing need for global worming (2012) · cites this paper as [10]
Cites
Helminths, Arthropods and Protozoa of Domesticated Animals
Beaver, P. C. (1983) · American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene · doi:10.4269/ajtmh.1983.32.906 · Cited by 1,448 · see citing works
Observations on the development of<i>Toxocara canis</i>(Werner, 1782) in the dog
Sprent, J. F. A. (1958) · Parasitology · doi:10.1017/s0031182000021168 · Cited by 201 · see citing works
Effect of pregnancy and lactation upon infection
Lloyd, S. (1983) · Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology · doi:10.1016/0165-2427(83)90057-0 · Cited by 164 · see citing works
Self-citationEffect of lactation on the immune response to gastrointestinal nematodes
Connan, R. M. (1976) · Veterinary Record · doi:10.1136/vr.99.24.476 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Birkeland, S. A., & Kristoffersen, K. (1980) · Scandinavian Journal of Immunology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1980.tb00240.x · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Modulation of immunoreactivity to periodontal disease-associated microorganisms during pregnancy
Lopatin, D. E., Kornman, K. S., & Loesche, W. J. (1980) · Infection and Immunity · doi:10.1128/iai.28.3.713-718.1980 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Antigenic analysis of developmental stages of Ascaris scum I. comparison of eggs, larvae and adults
Williams, J. F., & Soulsby, E. J. L. (1970) · Experimental Parasitology · doi:10.1016/s0014-4894(70)80019-4 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Self-citationPost-Parturient Infection of the Bitch with Toxocara canis
Sprent, J. F. A. (1961) · Journal of Parasitology · doi:10.2307/3275307 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Helminths of British dogs: Toxocara canis—a veterinary perspective
Jacobs, D. E., Pegg, E., & Stevenson, P. (1977) · Journal of Small Animal Practice · doi:10.1111/j.1748-5827.1977.tb05859.x · Cited by 38 · see citing works
THE LARGE ROUNDWORMS OF DOGS AND CATS—A PUBLIC HEALTH PROBLEM
Sprent, J. F. A., & English, P. B. (1958) · Australian Veterinary Journal · doi:10.1111/j.1751-0813.1958.tb05863.x · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Burrells, C., Wells, P. W., & Sutherland, A. D. (1978) · PubMed · Cited by 29 · see citing works
The effect of corticosteroid therapy on infection withToxocara canis in dogs
Lloyd, S., Kristensen, S. R., & Soulsby, E. J. L. (1981) · Parasitology Research · doi:10.1007/bf00941946 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Self-citationImmunological responsiveness of maternal and foetal lymphocytes during normal pregnancy in the ewe
Miyasaka, M., & McCullagh, P. J. (1981) · Journal of Reproductive Immunology · doi:10.1016/0165-0378(81)90025-5 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Chen, P., & Soulsby, E. J. L. (1976) · International Journal for Parasitology · doi:10.1016/0020-7519(76)90070-9 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Self-citationLymphocyte transformation during pregnancy: an analysis using whole-blood culture.
Yamamoto, T., Hirata, H., Taniguchi, H., et al. (1980) · PubMed · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Antigenic analysis of the developmental stages of Ascaris suum
Williams, J. F., & Soulsby, E. J. L. (1970) · Experimental Parasitology · doi:10.1016/0014-4894(70)90040-8 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Self-citationA rapid microtechnique for in vitro stimulation of canine lymphocytes using whole blood
Felsburg, P. J., Reilley, M. T., & Sinnigen, J. K. (1980) · Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology · doi:10.1016/0165-2427(80)90026-4 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Veterinary and public health aspects of Toxocara spp.
Overgaauw, P. A. M., & van Knapen, F. (2013) · Veterinary Parasitology · doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2012.12.035 · Cited by 354 · see citing works
Aspects of <i>Toxocara</i> Epidemiology: Toxocarosis in Dogs and Cats
Overgaauw, P. A. M., & Nederland, V. (1997) · Critical Reviews in Microbiology · doi:10.3109/10408419709115138 · Cited by 239 · see citing works
Pet roundworms and hookworms: A continuing need for global worming
Traversa, D. (2012) · Parasites & Vectors · doi:10.1186/1756-3305-5-91 · Cited by 221 · see citing works
Barriga, O. O. (1988) · Veterinary Parasitology · doi:10.1016/0304-4017(88)90126-4 · Cited by 153 · see citing works
Ascarid Infections of Cats and Dogs
Parsons, J. C. (1987) · Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice · doi:10.1016/s0195-5616(87)50004-3 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
Fahrion, A. S., Staebler, S., & Deplazes, P. (2008) · Veterinary Parasitology · doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2007.11.022 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Repeated patent infection of adult dogs with <i>Toxocara camis</i>
Maizels, R. M., & Meghji, M. (1984) · Journal of Helminthology · doi:10.1017/s0022149x00025219 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
- Authors
- LLOYD, S., AMERASINGHE, P. H., & SOULSBY, E. J. L.
- Affiliations
- University of Cambridge (GB)
- University of Peradeniya (LK)
- Venue
- Journal of Small Animal Practice
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1983-04
- Volume
- 24
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 237-247
- ISSN
- 0022-4510 (ISSN-L)
- 1748-5827
- OpenAlex
- W2115066724
- Cited by
- 55
- References
- 17
- Citations by year
- 2025: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 5.01
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Small Animal Practice (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Veterinary › Small Animals › Helminth infection and control
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Parasitic infections in humans and animals
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Parasitology › Parasites and Host Interactions
- Keywords
- Toxocara canis, toxocariasis, pregnancy, lymphocyte transformation, eosinophilia, environmental contamination, environmental transmission
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
