Ocular dirofilariosis by Dirofilaria immitis in a dog: first case report from Europe
Abstract
A five‐year‐old, entire female mixed‐breed dog was presented with corneal oedema and episcleral hyperaemia in the left eye. The ophthalmological examination revealed the presence of a free‐swimming nematode in the anterior chamber. Circulating microfilariae were not observed by a modified Knott test nor were adult antigens detected in serum by a commercial ELISA. The parasite was surgically removed from the dog's eye, but its anterior end was damaged during the surgery. Based on the morphology of the posterior end, the nematode was preliminarily identified as a male Dirofilaria immitis. The species identification was confirmed by PCR amplification and sequencing of the mitochondrial coxI and 12S rDNA genes, using a DNA barcoding approach. Although other cases of ocular dirofilariosis by D. immitis have been previously recorded in Australia and the United States, the case reported herein is the first in a dog from Europ.
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The prognosis of subcutaneous/ocular dirofilariasis in dogs depends on the damage caused by the worms and the degree of success of surgical extraction.
“The prognosis depends on the damage caused by the worms and the degree of success of surgical extraction (102).”
From Human and animal dirofilariasis: The emergence of a zoonotic mosaic (2012) · cites this paper as [102]
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Human and animal dirofilariasis: The emergence of a zoonotic mosaic
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“albopictus and Culex pipiens) have been regarded as proven or suspected vectors of the filarid nematodes Dirofilaria immitis and Dirofilaria repens, the causative agents of cardiopulmonary and subcutaneous dirofilariosis, respectively, in cats and dogs [33-35].”
BackgroundSelf-citation
- Authors
- Dantas‐Torres, F., Lia, R. P., Barbuto, M., Casiraghi, M., Crovace, A., Caligiani, L., Genchi, C., & Otranto, D.
- Affiliations
- University of Bari Aldo Moro (IT)
- University of Milano-Bicocca (IT)
- University of Milan (IT)
- Venue
- Journal of Small Animal Practice
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2009-12
- Volume
- 50
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 667-669
- ISSN
- 0022-4510 (ISSN-L)
- 1748-5827
- OpenAlex
- W2010344899
- Cited by
- 19
- References
- 17
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 0.92
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Small Animal Practice (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- BOA (University of Milano-Bicocca) (submittedVersion)
- CINECA IRIS Institutional Research Information System (University of Bari Aldo Moro) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Parasitic Diseases Research and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Veterinary › Small Animals › Helminth infection and control
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Ophthalmology › Ocular Infections and Treatments
- Keywords
- Dirofilaria immitis, canine heartworm disease, corneal edema, DNA barcoding, 12S rDNA
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Dirofilaria immitis, Dirofilariasis, Dog Diseases, Dogs, Europe, Female, Male, Eye Infections, Parasitic, Polymerase Chain Reaction, DNA, Helminth
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