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Cited by 831Autism Spectrum Disorder ResearchChild and Animal Learning DevelopmentAction Observation and Synchronization

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 79 of the 79 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Autism: The Empathizing–Systemizing (E‐S) Theory

Baron‐Cohen, Simon·2009·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
DOI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04467.x
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Abstract

The mind‐blindness theory of autism spectrum conditions has been successful in explaining the social and communication difficulties that characterize these conditions but cannot explain the nonsocial features (the narrow interests, need for sameness, and attention to detail). A new theory, the empathizing–systemizing (E‐S) theory, is summarized, which argues two factors are needed to explain the social and nonsocial features of the condition. This is related to other cognitive theories such as the weak central coherence theory and the executive dysfunction theory. The E‐S theory is also extended to the extreme male brain theory as a way of understanding the biased sex ratio in autism. Etiological predictions are discussed, as are the clinical applications arising from the E‐S theory.

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Citations

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Show all 79 references

Research works printed but not linked: 4

  1. Baron‐Cohen S., 2004, Mindreading : The Interactive Guide to Emotions
  2. Baron‐Cohen S., 2001, Are intuitive physics and intuitive psychology independent?, J. Dev. Learning Dis., 5, 47
  3. Happe F., 1996, Autism
  4. 10.1111/1469-7610.00376 · DOI · Paper page

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Metadata

Authors
Baron‐Cohen, S.
Affiliations
University of Cambridge (GB)
Corresponding author
Baron‐Cohen, Simon
ORCID
Baron‐Cohen, Simon
Venue
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2009-03
Volume
1156
Issue
1
Pages
68-80
ISSN
  • 0077-8923 (ISSN-L)
  • 1749-6632
DOI
10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04467.x
OpenAlex
W2028758511
Cited by
830
References
79
Citations by year
2026: 43 · 2025: 53 · 2024: 58 · 2023: 48 · 2022: 41 · 2021: 73 · 2020: 42 · 2019: 76 · 2018: 65 · 2017: 51 · 2016: 55 · 2015: 43 · 2014: 51 · 2013: 37 · 2012: 37
FWCI
2.26
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 24 d)
Locations
  • Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • Nancy Lurie Marks Family Foundation
  • Research Councils UK
  • Medical Research Council
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Child and Animal Learning Development
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Action Observation and Synchronization
Keywords
autism spectrum disorder, empathizing-systemizing theory, social cognition, weak central coherence, executive dysfunction, extreme male brain theory, sex ratio bias, autism etiology, clinical application
MeSH terms
Autistic Disorder, Empathy, Humans, Models, Biological, Models, Theoretical, Psychological Tests

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