Cited by 123Mitochondrial Function and PathologyAdipose Tissue and MetabolismMetabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer

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Alterations in Skeletal Muscle Indicators of Mitochondrial Structure and Biogenesis in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Heart Failure: Effects of Epicatechin Rich Cocoa

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Taub, Pam R., Ramirez‐Sanchez, Israel, Ciaraldi, Theodore P., Perkins, Guy, Murphy, Anne N., Naviaux, Robert, Hogan, Michael, Maisel, Alan S., Henry, Robert R., Ceballos, Guillermo, Villarreal, Francisco·2012·Clinical and Translational Science

DOI 10.1111/j.1752-8062.2011.00357.xPMC PMC5439909

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Abstract

(-)-Epicatechin (Epi), a flavanol in cacao stimulates mitochondrial volume and cristae density and protein markers of skeletal muscle (SkM) mitochondrial biogenesis in mice. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) and heart failure (HF) are diseases associated with defects in SkM mitochondrial structure/function. A study was implemented to assess perturbations and to determine the effects of Epi-rich cocoa in SkM mitochondrial structure and mediators of biogenesis. Five patients with DM2 and stage II/III HF consumed dark chocolate and a beverage containing approximately 100 mg of Epi per day for 3 months. We assessed changes in protein and/or activity levels of oxidative phosphorylation proteins, porin, mitofilin, nNOS, nitric oxide, cGMP, SIRT1, PGC1α, Tfam, and mitochondria volume and cristae abundance by electron microscopy from SkM. Apparent major losses in normal mitochondria structure were observed before treatment. Epi-rich cocoa increased protein and/or activity of mediators of biogenesis and cristae abundance while not changing mitochondrial volume density. Epi-rich cocoa treatment improves SkM mitochondrial structure and in an orchestrated manner, increases molecular markers of mitochondrial biogenesis resulting in enhanced cristae density. Future controlled studies are warranted using Epi-rich cocoa (or pure Epi) to translate improved mitochondrial structure into enhanced cardiac and/or SkM muscle function.

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Authors: Taub, P. R., Ramirez‐Sanchez, I., Ciaraldi, T. P., Perkins, G., Murphy, A. N., Naviaux, R., Hogan, M., Maisel, A. S., Henry, R. R., Ceballos, G., & Villarreal, F.
Affiliations: University of California San Diego (US)
Instituto Politécnico Nacional (MX)
Corresponding author: Villarreal, Francisco
ORCID: Taub, Pam R.
Ciaraldi, Theodore P.
Perkins, Guy
Murphy, Anne N.
Naviaux, Robert
Hogan, Michael
Maisel, Alan S.
Henry, Robert R.
Ceballos, Guillermo
Villarreal, Francisco
Venue: Clinical and Translational Science
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2011-11-07
Volume: 5
Issue: 1
Pages: 43-47
ISSN: 1752-8054 (ISSN-L)
1752-8062
DOI: 10.1111/j.1752-8062.2011.00357.x
PMC: PMC5439909
OpenAlex: W2130767844
Cited by: 122
References: 13
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 3
FWCI: 3.50
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations: Clinical and Translational Science (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (RR004050)
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL43617, R01HL043617)
National Center for Research Resources (P41RR004050, RR004050)
National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (P60MD000220)
National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (R21AT004277, AT4277)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
Keywords: epicatechin, Theobroma cacao, type 2 diabetes, heart failure, skeletal muscle, mitochondrial biogenesis, mitochondrial structure, PGC-1α, SIRT1, nitric oxide, oxidative phosphorylation, dark chocolate, flavan-3-ols
MeSH terms: Aged, Beverages, Biopsy, Cacao, California, Candy, Catechin, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Heart Failure, Glycated Hemoglobin, Humans, Lipids, Middle Aged, Mitochondria, Muscle, Time Factors, Biomarkers, Treatment Outcome, Natriuretic Peptide, Brain, Mitochondrial Proteins, Quadriceps Muscle, Functional Food

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Alterations in Skeletal Muscle Indicators of Mitochondrial Structure and Biogenesis in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Heart Failure: Effects of Epicatechin Rich Cocoa

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