REVIEW: Pathogen-induced inflammation at sites distant from oral infection: bacterial persistence and induction of cell-specific innate immune inflammatory pathways
Open accessAbstract
A hallmark of infection with the gram-negative pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis is the induction of a chronic inflammatory response. P. gingivalis induces a local chronic inflammatory response that results in oral inflammatory bone destruction, which manifests as periodontal disease. In addition to chronic inflammation at the initial site of infection, mounting evidence has accumulated supporting a role for P. gingivalis-mediated periodontal disease as a risk factor for several systemic diseases including, diabetes, preterm birth, stroke, and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. A growing number of in vitro studies have demonstrated that P. gingivalis infection stimulates cell activation commensurate with expected responses paralleling inflammatory atherosclerotic-type responses. Furthermore, various mouse models have been used to examine the ability of P. gingivalis to stimulate chronic inflammatory plaque accumulation and recent studies have pointed to a pivotal role for innate immune signaling via the Toll-like receptors in the chronic inflammation associated with P. gingivalis infection. In this review we discuss the pathogen and host cell specificity of these responses and discuss possible mechanisms by which this oral pathogen can induce and maintain a chronic state of inflammation at sites distant from oral infection.
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Periodontitis is also associated with increased risk of oral squamous cell carcinoma.
“Periodontitis is also associated with increased risk of oral squamous cell carcinoma.214, 215”
From The oral microbiome: Role of key organisms and complex networks in oral health and disease (2021) · cites this paper as [215]
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- Authors
- Hayashi, C., Gudino, C. V., Gibson III, F. C., & Genco, C. A.
- Affiliations
- Boston University (US)
- Venue
- Molecular Oral Microbiology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2010-09-02
- Volume
- 25
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 305-316
- ISSN
- 2041-1006 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2951292
- OpenAlex
- W1567876945
- Cited by
- 244
- References
- 66
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 21 · 2013: 19 · 2012: 16
- FWCI
- 2.37
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Molecular Oral Microbiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL080387, HL080387)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune Response and Inflammation
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Microbiology › Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
- Keywords
- Porphyromonas gingivalis, periodontal disease, chronic inflammation, systemic inflammation, Toll-like receptors, innate immune signaling, atherosclerosis, bacterial persistence, oral pathogens, host-pathogen interaction, inflammatory bone destruction
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Disease Models, Animal, Endothelium, Vascular, Foam Cells, Focal Infection, Dental, Humans, Immunity, Cellular, Immunity, Innate, Organ Specificity, Bacteroidaceae Infections, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Atherosclerosis, Toll-Like Receptors, Mice, Chronic Periodontitis
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