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Transactional versus transformational leadership: An analysis of the MLQ
Open accessAbstract
A questionnaire used often to measure transformational, transactional and laissez‐faire leadership is the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire developed by Bass (Bass & Avolio, 1989). This study aims to test the factor structure of the MLQ as developed by Bass & Avolio. The MLQ‐8Y was analysed using data collected in Dutch organizations. Seven hundred employees from eight organizations rated their leader's behaviour with the MLQ. First, an indication of the internal consistency of the scales developed by Bass is reported. The results of subsequent factor analyses show that the three types of leadership can be found in the data; however, the scales found here are slightly different from Bass' scales. Especially, the transactional and laissez‐faire scales have been altered on theoretical and empirical grounds. The adapted version of the MLQ covers the domain with fewer items.
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Citations
Cites
Coefficient Alpha and the Internal Structure of Tests
Cronbach, L. J. (1951) · Psychometrika · doi:10.1007/bf02310555 · Cited by 43,931
Cited by
Avolio, B. J., Bass, B. M., & Jung, D. I. (1999) · Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology · doi:10.1348/096317999166789 · Cited by 3,034
An evaluation of conceptual weaknesses in transformational and charismatic leadership theories
Yukl, G. (1999) · The Leadership Quarterly · doi:10.1016/s1048-9843(99)00013-2 · Cited by 2,058
Antonakis, J., Avolio, B. J., & Sivasubramaniam, N. (2003) · The Leadership Quarterly · doi:10.1016/s1048-9843(03)00030-4 · Cited by 1,533
Kalshoven, K., Den Hartog, D. N., & De Hoogh, A. H. B. (2011) · The Leadership Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2010.12.007 · Cited by 824
Leadership and levels of analysis: A state-of-the-science review
Yammarino, F. J., Dionne, S. D., Uk Chun, J., & Dansereau, F. (2005) · The Leadership Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2005.09.002 · Cited by 501
Metadata
- Authors
- Den Hartog, D. N., VAN Muijen, J. J., & Koopman, P. L.
- Venue
- Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1997-03
- Volume
- 70
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 19-34
- ISSN
- 0963-1798 (ISSN-L)
- 2044-8325
- OpenAlex
- W2128747453
- Cited by
- 894
- References
- 1
- FWCI
- 11.49
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
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