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A Competency-Based Perspective on Entrepreneurship Education: Conceptual and Empirical Insights
Abstract
Competencies necessary for entrepreneurial action are investigated. Building on structuration theory, competencies are approached as an outgrowth of the learning of scripts deriving from interactions between the individual and environment. Managerial and entrepreneurial competencies are distinguished, with the latter helping to define the domain of entrepreneurship education. Employing a Delphi methodology, evidence is provided of a core set of 13 entrepreneurial competencies. Measures are then developed with a pilot study involving students in an international education program. Based on pre- and post-measures, findings demonstrate significant improvement on the competencies. Implications are drawn for the role of entrepreneurship education in competency development.
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“Both entrepreneurial alertness and entrepreneurial selfefficacy have been recommended as behavioral competencies that should be promoted more comprehensively in entrepreneurial curricula (Morris etal., 2013).”
From Impact of Entrepreneurship Training on Entrepreneurial Efficacy and Alertness among Adolescent Youth (2018) · cites this paper as Morris et al., 2013
In the citing paper
“These differences demonstrate, as mentioned by Morris etal. (2013), that dynamic competencies can be picked up and grown over time with practice and exposure.”
From Impact of Entrepreneurship Training on Entrepreneurial Efficacy and Alertness among Adolescent Youth (2018) · cites this paper as Morris et al., 2013
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The Scholarship of Teaching and Learning Entrepreneurship
Neck, H. M., & Corbett, A. C. (2018) · Entrepreneurship Education and Pedagogy · doi:10.1177/2515127417737286 · Cited by 572
“only entrepreneurial mindset but also entrepreneurial competencies (Morris et al., 2013).”
BackgroundEntrepreneurship education: Time for a change in research direction?
Ratten, V., & Usmanij, P. A. (2020) · The International Journal of Management Education · doi:10.1016/j.ijme.2020.100367 · Cited by 484
Passion and grit: An exploration of the pathways leading to venture success
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Disentangling competences: Interrelationships on creativity, innovation and entrepreneurship
Edwards-Schachter, M., García-Granero, A., Sánchez‐Barrioluengo, M., Quesada, H., & Amara, N. (2015) · Thinking Skills and Creativity · doi:10.1016/j.tsc.2014.11.006 · Cited by 293
“directly correlated to specific criterions and standards such as effective and or/superior performance in a job (Morris et al., 2013). Hoffman (1999) ascribes two meanings of competencies, one referring to the outputs or results of training, i.”
BackgroundInfluentialSirelkhatim, F., & Gangi, Y. A. (2015) · Cogent Business & Management · doi:10.1080/23311975.2015.1052034 · Cited by 266
“Generally, competency includes knowledge, skills, attitudes and behaviours needed to complete an activity successfully (Morris et al., 2013; Sánchez, 2013).”
BackgroundThe moderating role of entrepreneurship education on the antecedents of entrepreneurial intention
Entrialgo, M., & Argüelles, V. I. (2016) · International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal · doi:10.1007/s11365-016-0389-4 · Cited by 271
“Entrepreneurship education (EE) may serve as a vehicle to present information about norms and values in entrepreneurship (Morris et al. 2013) and may be an important source of relevant knowledge of entrepreneurship (i.e., awareness of the available institutional support mechanism) (Dohse and Walter…”
Examining the Future Trajectory of Entrepreneurship
Kuratko, D. F., & Morris, M. H. (2017) · Journal of Small Business Management · doi:10.1111/jsbm.12364 · Cited by 229
Fellnhofer, K. (2019) · Educational Research Review · doi:10.1016/j.edurev.2018.10.002 · Cited by 245
Cui, J., & Bell, R. (2022) · The International Journal of Management Education · doi:10.1016/j.ijme.2022.100639 · Cited by 306
Determinant factors of entrepreneurial intention among university students in Brazil and Portugal
Fragoso, R., Júnior, W. F. D. R., & Xavier, A. M. D. S. (2019) · Journal of Small Business & Entrepreneurship · doi:10.1080/08276331.2018.1551459 · Cited by 235
Rashid, L. (2019) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su11195343 · Cited by 204
Arranz, N., Gómez, F. U., Arroyabe, M. F., Rivero, C. A. P., & de Arróyabe, J. C. F. (2016) · Studies in Higher Education · doi:10.1080/03075079.2015.1130030 · Cited by 216
“Entrepreneurship requires numerous competences that are difficult to define as individual atomic subjects, so while a specific business requires subject-specific skills, psychological and social skills lie at the heart of entrepreneurial competence (Morris et al., 2013).”
BackgroundVaio, A. D., Hassan, R., Chhabra, M., Arrigo, E., & Palladino, R. (2022) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.134469 · Cited by 226
Hermann, R. R., & Bossle, M. B. (2019) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.119038 · Cited by 180
An effectual leadership perspective for developing rural entrepreneurial ecosystems
Miles, M. P., & Morrison, M. (2018) · Small Business Economics · doi:10.1007/s11187-018-0128-z · Cited by 170
Entrepreneurship Education in a Poverty Context: An Empowerment Perspective
Santos, S. C., Neumeyer, X., & Morris, M. H. (2018) · Journal of Small Business Management · doi:10.1111/jsbm.12485 · Cited by 175
Costa, S. F., Santos, S. C., Wach, D., & Caetano, A. (2017) · Journal of Small Business Management · doi:10.1111/jsbm.12348 · Cited by 149
“In this sense, we argue that experiential learning processes enable potential entrepreneurs to learn how to recognize opportunities, by developing their cognitive opportunity recognition framework, and by enhancing their entrepreneurship competencies through education (Morris et al. 2013).”
BackgroundInfluentialNguyen, Q. D., & Nguyen-Thu, H. (2022) · The International Journal of Management Education · doi:10.1016/j.ijme.2022.100730 · Cited by 174
Impact of Entrepreneurial Education on Entrepreneurial Intentions of Pakistani Students
Hussain, A., & Norashidah (2015) · Journal of Entrepreneurship and Business Innovation · doi:10.5296/jebi.v2i1.7534 · Cited by 133
“Thus, the tertiary level institutes are considered to be the facilitators of an entrepreneurial culture; resulting a strong focus on entrepreneurship education that will be useful in promoting entrepreneurial intentions and culture (Morris et al. 2013).”
BackgroundPersonalizing Entrepreneurial Learning: A Pedagogy for Facilitating the Know Why
Middleton, K. W., & Donnellon, A. (2014) · Entrepreneurship Research Journal · doi:10.1515/erj-2013-0040 · Cited by 127
“Entrepreneurial education intends to prepare individuals for engagement in an entrepreneurial process (one could say an entrepreneurial career), thus requiring development of entrepreneurial competency (Chang and Rieple 2013; Mitchelmore and Rowley 2010; Morris et al. 2013; Rasmussen, Mosey, and Wright 2011).”
BackgroundBorah, D. J., Malik, K., & Massini, S. (2020) · Research Policy · doi:10.1016/j.respol.2020.104172 · Cited by 144
López, M. J. G., Pérez-López, M. C., & Ariza, L. R. (2018) · Academy of Management Learning and Education · doi:10.5465/amle.2016.0377 · Cited by 145
Colombelli, A., Loccisano, S., Panelli, A., et al. (2022) · Administrative Sciences · doi:10.3390/admsci12010010 · Cited by 119
“…activity from the perspective of professors, researchers, and university managers (Kuratko 2005) and a dramatic increase in the number of curricular and co-curricular offerings in entrepreneurship has been observed across the globe (European Commission 2008; Kuratko 2005; Morris et al. 2013).”
BackgroundEntrepreneurial thinking: A signature pedagogy for an uncertain 21st century
Peschl, H., Deng, C., & Larson, N. (2020) · The International Journal of Management Education · doi:10.1016/j.ijme.2020.100427 · Cited by 164
Fiore, E., Sansone, G., & Paolucci, E. (2019) · Administrative Sciences · doi:10.3390/admsci9010028 · Cited by 130
The role of ambiguity tolerance in career decision making
Xu, H., & Tracey, T. J. G. (2014) · Journal of Vocational Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.jvb.2014.04.001 · Cited by 112
The great divides in social entrepreneurship and where they lead us
Morris, M. H., Santos, S. C., & Kuratko, D. F. (2020) · Small Business Economics · doi:10.1007/s11187-020-00318-y · Cited by 118
Okolie, U. C., Nwosu, H. E., & Mlanga, S. (2019) · Higher Education Skills and Work-based Learning · doi:10.1108/heswbl-09-2018-0089 · Cited by 108
Developing entrepreneurial competencies in higher education: a structural model approach
Ferreras-Garcia, R., Sales-Zaguirre, J., & Serradell-López, E. (2021) · Education + Training · doi:10.1108/et-09-2020-0257 · Cited by 108
From potential to early nascent entrepreneurship: the role of entrepreneurial competencies
López, M. J. G., Pérez-López, M. C., & Ariza, L. R. (2020) · International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal · doi:10.1007/s11365-020-00658-x · Cited by 121
Impact of Entrepreneurship Training on Entrepreneurial Efficacy and Alertness among Adolescent Youth
Ho, M.-H. R., Uy, M. A., Kang, B. N. Y., & Chan, K.-Y. (2018) · Frontiers in Education · doi:10.3389/feduc.2018.00013 · Cited by 137
“…Sørheim, 2006), the experiential learning of entrepreneurship through activities has been encouraged by several scholars 3 Ho et al. Entrepreneurship Training Frontiers in Education | www.frontiersin.org March 2018 | Volume 3 | Article 13 (e.g., Rasmussen and Sørheim, 2006; Morris et al., 2013).”
BackgroundShirokova, G., Владимировна, Ц. Т., & Morris, M. H. (2017) · Journal of Small Business Management · doi:10.1111/jsbm.12363 · Cited by 104
Pérez-López, M. C., López, M. J. G., & Ariza, L. R. (2019) · Journal of Vocational Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.jvb.2019.03.005 · Cited by 115
Entrepreneurship education pedagogy: teacher-student-centred paradox
Ismail, A. B., Sawang, S., & Zolin, R. (2018) · Education + Training · doi:10.1108/et-07-2017-0106 · Cited by 102
Bandera, C., Collins, R., & Passerini, K. (2018) · The International Journal of Management Education · doi:10.1016/j.ijme.2018.02.006 · Cited by 122
Towards a responsible entrepreneurship education and the future of the workforce
Igwe, P. A., Okolie, U. C., & Nwokoro, C. V. (2019) · The International Journal of Management Education · doi:10.1016/j.ijme.2019.05.001 · Cited by 99
“A comprehensive review of the EE and ME literature is beyond the scope of this article as it is vast and has received a considerable evaluation in many domains (Shook et al., 2003; Morris et al., 2013).”
BackgroundBonesso, S., Gerli, F., Pizzi, C., & Cortellazzo, L. (2018) · Journal of Small Business Management · doi:10.1111/jsbm.12399 · Cited by 99
“…“although researchers have devoted considerable effort to identifying characteristics, traits, values, affective states, and cognitive styles that are associated with entrepreneurial success, the particular competencies that support venture creation remain elusive” (Morris et al. 2013, p. 352).”
BackgroundInfluentialBaggen, Y., Lans, T., & Gulikers, J. T. M. (2021) · Entrepreneurship Education and Pedagogy · doi:10.1177/2515127420988517 · Cited by 110
“From an input-output–driven perspective, we observe that many authors present competency lists as the output of EE (e.g., Fiet, 2001; Man et al., 2002; Morris et al., 2013).”
BackgroundPennetta, S., Anglani, F., & Mathews, S. W. (2023) · Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies · doi:10.1108/jeee-09-2022-0257 · Cited by 89
Schelfhout, W., Bruggeman, K., & Mæyer, S. D. (2016) · Studies In Educational Evaluation · doi:10.1016/j.stueduc.2016.09.001 · Cited by 88
“Reflection Summary definition based upon Baert & Camertijn, 2004; Goossens & Verrue, 2004; Laevers & Bertrands, 2004; Man, 2006 and Morris et al., 2013 You’re critical and accountable to your own contribution.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialThe future of management education: The role of entrepreneurship education and junior enterprises
Almeida, J. R., Daniel, A. D., & Figueiredo, C. (2019) · The International Journal of Management Education · doi:10.1016/j.ijme.2019.100318 · Cited by 99
Ferreira, C. C. (2020) · International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour & Research · doi:10.1108/ijebr-12-2019-0668 · Cited by 87
Action-embedded pedagogy in entrepreneurship education: an experimental enquiry
Mukesh, H. V., Rajasekharan Pillai, K., & Mamman, J. (2019) · Studies in Higher Education · doi:10.1080/03075079.2019.1599848 · Cited by 93
“…that entrepreneurial learning is more practical and actionoriented, sufficient enough to deal with real-time problems, which is consistent with previous findings (Raelin 1999; Rae 2005; Pittaway et al. 2009; Järvi 2015; Rasmussen and Sørheim 2006; Morris et al. 2013; Neck, Greene, and Brush 2014).”
BackgroundResultAcademic Journal of Economic Studies
Editura.Universitara, P. (2020) · Cited by 83
Polas, M. R. H., Raju, V., Muhibbullah, M., & Tabash, M. I. (2021) · Journal of Enterprising Communities People and Places in the Global Economy · doi:10.1108/jec-10-2020-0183 · Cited by 90
Competencies for entrepreneurship as a career option in a challenging employment environment
Pérez-López, M. C., López, M. J. G., & Ariza, L. R. (2016) · Career Development International · doi:10.1108/cdi-07-2015-0102 · Cited by 82
Model of Teachable Entrepreneurship Competencies (M-TEC): Scale development
Silveyra, G., Crespo, A., & Pérez, A. (2020) · The International Journal of Management Education · doi:10.1016/j.ijme.2020.100392 · Cited by 91
Academic spinoffs: the role of entrepreneurship education
Sansone, G., Battaglia, D., Landoni, P., & Paolucci, E. (2019) · International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal · doi:10.1007/s11365-019-00601-9 · Cited by 80
“2018), and favour the development of entrepreneurial competences (Lee et al. 2005; Phan and Siegel 2006; Sánchez 2011; Morris et al. 2013; Sánchez 2013; Hayter 2016; Gümüsay and Bohné 2018) which – in turn - may favour the creation of academic spinoffs.”
BackgroundInfluentialEntrepreneurship education or entrepreneurship education? A bibliometric analysis
Tiberius, V., & Weyland, M. (2022) · Journal of Further and Higher Education · doi:10.1080/0309877x.2022.2100692 · Cited by 104
“When behaviour becomes more prominent than traits, the next question is: What is the right, i.e. competent entrepreneurial behaviour (Morris et al. 2013)?”
BackgroundTraining Entrepreneurial Competences with Open Innovation Paradigm in Higher Education
Iglesias-Sánchez, P. P., Jambrino-Maldonado, C., & Heras-Pedrosa, C. D. L. (2019) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su11174689 · Cited by 73
“, [62] analyse how the aforementioned entrepreneurial competences have influenced entrepreneurship.”
BackgroundMethodSecundo, G., Mele, G., Sansone, G., & Paolucci, E. (2020) · International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour & Research · doi:10.1108/ijebr-12-2019-0687 · Cited by 75
Arranz, N., Arroyabe, M. F., & de Arróyabe, J. C. F. (2018) · Studies in Higher Education · doi:10.1080/03075079.2018.1486812 · Cited by 71
“This has been previously underlined by Morris et al. (2013) and Sanchez (2013), who pointed out the importance of psychological factors for entrepreneurship.”
BackgroundResultInfluentialFirm Performance and the Impact of Entrepreneurial Education and Entrepreneurial Competencies
Kanaan-Jebna, A. M. J., Alabdullah, T. T. Y., Ahmed, E. R., et al. (2022) · Business Ethics and Leadership · doi:10.21272/bel.6(2).68-77.2022 · Cited by 71
“There is a need to understand the factors that affect small business performance (Morris et al., 2013).”
BackgroundInfluentialEntrepreneurial competencies of undergraduate students: The case of universities in Nigeria
Okolie, U. C., Igwe, P. A., Ayoola, A. A., Nwosu, H. E., Kanu, C., & Mong, I. K. (2021) · The International Journal of Management Education · doi:10.1016/j.ijme.2021.100452 · Cited by 83
Somià, T., & Vecchiarini, M. (2024) · International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour & Research · doi:10.1108/ijebr-08-2023-0788 · Cited by 96
Preface: Teaching reason and the unreasonable
Morris, M. H., & Liguori, E. W. (2016) · Edward Elgar Publishing eBooks · doi:10.4337/9781784719166.00006 · Cited by 69
Building Blocks for the Development of University-Wide Entrepreneurship
Morris, N. M., Kuratko, D. F., & Pryor, C. G. (2013) · Entrepreneurship Research Journal · doi:10.1515/erj-2013-0047 · Cited by 68
A Process-Oriented Framework of Competencies for Sustainability Entrepreneurship
Foucrier, T., & Wiek, A. (2019) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su11247250 · Cited by 66
“, sustainability accounting) [1,34] [X] Identifies financial resources (start-up funds) and potential impact investors [25,34] Identifies sustainable (e.”
BackgroundInfluentialAccelerators as authentic training experiences for nascent entrepreneurs
Miles, M. P., de Vries, H. P., Harrison, G., Bliemel, M., de Klerk, S., & Kasouf, C. J. (2017) · Education + Training · doi:10.1108/et-01-2017-0007 · Cited by 74
Determinants of entrepreneurial intention among undergraduates in a Muslim community
Ezeh, P. C., Nkamnebe, A. D., & Omodafe, U. P. (2019) · Management Research Review · doi:10.1108/mrr-09-2018-0348 · Cited by 68
The Dark Side of Entrepreneurship Education: A Delphi Study on Dangers and Unintended Consequences
Bandera, C., Santos, S. C., & Liguori, E. W. (2020) · Entrepreneurship Education and Pedagogy · doi:10.1177/2515127420944592 · Cited by 63
“The entrepreneurial competency of risk mitigation or risk management is defined as the ability to take actions that reduce the probability of a loss or reduce the potential effect if the risk were to occur (Morris et al., 2013).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialAlsafadi, Y., & Aljuhmani, H. Y. (2023) · Kybernetes · doi:10.1108/k-11-2022-1540 · Cited by 70
Risk-taking, knowledge, and mindset: unpacking the antecedents of entrepreneurial intention
Caputo, A., Nguyen, V. H. A., & Delladio, S. (2024) · International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal · doi:10.1007/s11365-024-01064-3 · Cited by 102
“Resource leveraging is defined as the ability to access and exploit resources that one does not own or control to achieve one’s goals (Morris et al., 2013 ).”
Financial literacy and entrepreneurial risk aversion
Riepe, J., Rudeloff, M., & Veer, T. H. (2020) · Journal of Small Business Management · doi:10.1080/00472778.2019.1709380 · Cited by 82
“Different entrepreneurial competence models (Anderson et al., 2018; Bacigalupo et al., 2016; Consortium for Entrepreneurship Education, 2014; Gibb, 2008; Morris et al., 2013) include financial literacy as a central area.”
BackgroundKozlinska, I., Rebmann, A., & Mets, T. (2020) · Journal of Small Business & Entrepreneurship · doi:10.1080/08276331.2020.1821159 · Cited by 91
“This suggests that students who score higher on the levels of entrepreneurial competencies should be more likely to engage into entrepreneurial behaviour in either corporate or private venture settings (Jackson and Wilton 2017; Morris et al. 2013).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialButz, N. T., Hanson, S., Schultz, P. L., & Warzynski, M. M. (2018) · Journal of global entrepreneurship research · doi:10.1186/s40497-018-0100-z · Cited by 59
Preedy, S., Jones, P. K., Maas, G. J. P., & Duckett, H. (2020) · Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development · doi:10.1108/jsbed-12-2019-0408 · Cited by 61
Wang, Y., Lin, S.-J., Yeh, C., Li, C.-R., & Li, H.-T. (2016) · Thinking Skills and Creativity · doi:10.1016/j.tsc.2016.08.003 · Cited by 58
Beyond entrepreneurship education: business incubation and entrepreneurial capabilities
Ikebuaku, K., & Dinbabo, M. F. (2018) · Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies · doi:10.1108/jeee-03-2017-0022 · Cited by 58
“These include research in the area of capability approach, functionings, freedoms or capabilities, business incubation and entrepreneurship development (Al-Mubaraki and Busler, 2010; Alkire, 2002; Charles and Ikenna, 2009; Asongu and Tchamyou, 2016; European Commission, 2002; Gedeon, 2010; Isaacs et al., 2007; Lalkaka…”
BackgroundInfluentialShirokova, G., Osiyevskyy, O., Morris, M. H., & Bogatyreva, K. (2017) · Entrepreneurship and Regional Development · doi:10.1080/08985626.2017.1376516 · Cited by 56
“Experiential learning represents an attempt to move the educational focus away from a text-driven to an activity-driven approach, from telling to showing, and from theory to the integration of theory and practice (Morris et al. 2013).”
BackgroundInfluentialHenry, C. (2020) · Entrepreneurship and Regional Development · doi:10.1080/08985626.2020.1737416 · Cited by 64
“…the EU model emphasizes leadership, management and long term sustainability (i.e. mobilizing others; planning and management; financial literacy), Morris et al. (2013) prioritize the more practical and potentially more immediate (in a start-up scenario) ‘Guerrilla’ skills, i.e., the ability to…”
BackgroundInfluentialThe evolution of student entrepreneurship: State of the art and emerging research direction
Passavanti, C., Ponsiglione, C., Primario, S., & Rippa, P. (2023) · The International Journal of Management Education · doi:10.1016/j.ijme.2023.100820 · Cited by 56
Entrepreneurial learning – a social context perspective: evidence from Kenya and Tanzania
Hunter, L., & Lean, J. (2018) · Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development · doi:10.1108/jsbed-02-2017-0075 · Cited by 54
Santisi, G., Magnano, P., Platania, S., & Ramaci, T. (2018) · Psychology Research and Behavior Management · doi:10.2147/prbm.s164745 · Cited by 53
Sánchez, P. L., Abad, P., Cabrero, C. D. L. F., & Calero, R. (2020) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su12030796 · Cited by 53
Measuring Undergraduates’ Innovation Capacities
Selznick, B. S., & Mayhew, M. J. (2017) · Research in Higher Education · doi:10.1007/s11162-017-9486-7 · Cited by 53
Competencies of graduates as future labour market participants – preliminary study
Gawrycka, M., Kujawska, J., & Tomczak, M. T. (2019) · Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja · doi:10.1080/1331677x.2019.1631200 · Cited by 51
Ciptono, W. S., Anggadwita, G., & Indarti, N. (2022) · International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour & Research · doi:10.1108/ijebr-06-2022-0550 · Cited by 68
In Search of Alignment: A Review of Impact Studies in Entrepreneurship Education
Kamovich, U., & Foss, L. (2017) · Education Research International · doi:10.1155/2017/1450102 · Cited by 50
“[32] employed a multi-round Delphi technique to form a list of core entrepreneurial competencies by asking 20 distinguished entrepreneurs and 20 leading entrepreneurship educators.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialExploring the future of startup leadership development
Prommer, L., Tiberius, V., & Kraus, S. (2020) · Journal of Business Venturing Insights · doi:10.1016/j.jbvi.2020.e00200 · Cited by 59
“…characterized by uncertainty or a lack of empirical evidence (Powell, 2003; Skulmoski et al., 2007) and has been employed more than 175 times in business research since 1975 (Flostrand et al., 2020), also in HR development (McGuire and Cseh, 2006; Morris et al., 2013; Olshfski and Joseph, 1991).”
Assessing entrepreneurial competences: insights from a business model challenge
Bolzani, D., & Luppi, E. (2020) · Education + Training · doi:10.1108/et-04-2020-0072 · Cited by 57
Entrepreneurial skill-building in rural ecosystems
Lyons, T. S., Lyons, J. S., & Jolley, G. J. (2019) · Journal of Entrepreneurship and Public Policy · doi:10.1108/jepp-09-2019-0075 · Cited by 48
Entrepreneurship Competence Model for Supporting Learners Development at All Educational Levels
Venesaar, U., Malleus, E., Arro, G., & Toding, M. (2021) · Administrative Sciences · doi:10.3390/admsci12010002 · Cited by 66
“Significant progress has been made towards a better understanding of the development of entrepreneurship competencies (e.g., Baker and Nelson 2005; Lans et al. 2008; Neck and Greene 2011; Man et al. 2002; Morris et al. 2013) by providing different frameworks for the classification of competencies.”
BackgroundHou, F., Su, Y. P., Qi, M., Chen, J., & Tang, J.-Y. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.837388 · Cited by 74
Graduates of venture creation programs – where do they apply their entrepreneurial competencies?
Alsos, G. A., Hägg, G., Lundqvist, M. A., Politis, D., Stockhaus, M., Middleton, K. W., & Djupdal, K. (2022) · Small Business Economics · doi:10.1007/s11187-022-00641-6 · Cited by 61
“Over the last two decades, the role of experience has been presumed as crucial in teaching and learning entrepreneurial competencies in educational forums (Dhliwayo, 2008; Hägg & Kurczewska, 2021; Morris et al., 2013; Politis, 2005).”
BackgroundInfluentialBotha, M. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00922 · Cited by 45
“Second, as a result, the hypothesized model validates the value of incorporating both psychology theories, namely, the structuration and mindset theories for jointly and, respectively investigating ECs (Morris et al., 2013) and entrepreneurial action (McMullen and Dimov, 2013).”
BackgroundInfluentialTiberius, V., Weyland, M., & Mahto, R. V. (2022) · The International Journal of Management Education · doi:10.1016/j.ijme.2022.100753 · Cited by 45
Female entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial ecosystems
Kakeesh, D. F. (2024) · Journal of Research in Marketing and Entrepreneurship · doi:10.1108/jrme-09-2023-0158 · Cited by 70
Oo, P. P., Sahaym, A., Juasrikul, S., & Lee, S. (2018) · Journal of International Entrepreneurship · doi:10.1007/s10843-018-0229-4 · Cited by 45
What's Gender Got to Do with It? The Experiences of U.S. Women Entrepreneurship Students
Cochran, S. L. (2019) · Journal of Small Business Management · doi:10.1111/jsbm.12508 · Cited by 45
“It is a rapidly growing field with over 3,000 institutions offering courses in the subject with the majority streamlining their entrepreneurial activity into a center to include both academic and extracurricular programs (Morris et al. 2013).”
BackgroundInfluentialValue creation in entrepreneurial education: towards a unified approach
Jones, C. P. A., Penaluna, K., & Penaluna, A. (2020) · Education + Training · doi:10.1108/et-06-2020-0165 · Cited by 53
Hasan, M., Hatidja, S., Nurjanna, N., Guampe, F. A., Gempita, G., & Ma’ruf, M. I. (2019) · Journal of Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues · doi:10.9770/jesi.2019.7.1(30 · Cited by 44
Unpacking entrepreneurial alertness: How character matters for entrepreneurial thinking
Pirhadi, H., Soleimanof, S., & Feyzbakhsh, A. (2021) · Journal of Small Business Management · doi:10.1080/00472778.2021.1907584 · Cited by 52
“Therefore this study also contributes to research on entrepreneurship education that strives to understand how to teach and train individuals to develop entrepreneurial mindsets and competencies (Morris et al., 2013).”
BackgroundA Competence Development Approach for Entrepreneurial Mindset in Entrepreneurship Education
Mawson, S., Casulli, L., & Simmons, E. L. (2022) · Entrepreneurship Education and Pedagogy · doi:10.1177/25151274221143146 · Cited by 68
“…please see (Le Deist & Winterton, 2005), within entrepreneurship scholars have adopted a holistic approach to competence which encompasses “the knowledge, skills, attitudes, values, and behaviors that people need to successfully perform a particular activity or task” (Morris et al., 2013, p. 353).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialCohen, D., Hsu, D. K., & Shinnar, R. S. (2020) · Small Business Economics · doi:10.1007/s11187-020-00387-z · Cited by 51
Competencies of disabled entrepreneurs in Iran: implications for learning and development
Bagheri, A., & Abbariki, M. (2016) · Disability & Society · doi:10.1080/09687599.2016.1268524 · Cited by 42
“…competence contains multiple facets (cognitive, attitudinal, behavioral, functional and social) and can be formed and developed by contextual factors such as education, training and experience (Kyndt and Baert 2015; Lans et al. 2011; Mitchelmore and Rowley 2010; Morris et al. 2013; Sánchez 2011).”
BackgroundInfluentialTeam entrepreneurial competence: multilevel effects on individual cognitive strategies
Santos, S. C., Morris, M. H., Caetano, A., Costa, S. F., & Neumeyer, X. (2019) · International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour & Research · doi:10.1108/ijebr-03-2018-0126 · Cited by 42
“, 2017; Middleton and Nowell, 2018), team entrepreneurial cognition (Shepherd and Krueger, 2002; West, 2007) and entrepreneurial competencies (Morris et al., 2013) to further understand how entrepreneurial teams function.”
BackgroundInfluentialSituated learning in a business incubator: Encouraging students to become real entrepreneurs
Jones, O., Meckel, P., & Taylor, D. (2021) · Industry and Higher Education · doi:10.1177/09504222211008117 · Cited by 53
“As pointed out by Tocher et al. (2015), ‘social resources’ are fundamental to effective businesses opportunity development and exploitation (see Morris et al., 2013).”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Morris, M. H., Webb, J. W., Fu, J., & Singhal, S.
- Affiliations
- Oklahoma State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Morris, Michael H.
- Venue
- Journal of Small Business Management
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2013-06-13
- Volume
- 51
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 352-369
- ISSN
- 0047-2778 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2025701562
- Semantic Scholar
- 925e5237234deea3ea3f9c135a15d03764be042a
- Cited by
- 670
- References
- 97
- Citations by year
- 2026: 56 · 2025: 52 · 2024: 71 · 2023: 66 · 2022: 59 · 2021: 65 · 2020: 74 · 2019: 69 · 2018: 54 · 2017: 42 · 2016: 27 · 2015: 21 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 44.82
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Small Business Management (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Management of Technology and Innovation › Entrepreneurship Studies and Influences
- Social Sciences › Education › Vocational and Entrepreneurial Education
- Social Sciences › Education › Higher Education and Employability
- Keywords
- entrepreneurship education, entrepreneurial skills, managerial competencies, structuration theory, scripts, competence development, competency measurement, international education programs, learning outcomes
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