Cited by 110Sleep and related disordersCircadian rhythm and melatoninSleep and Wakefulness Research

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Connecting insufficient sleep and insomnia with metabolic dysfunction

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Duan, Daisy, Kim, Lenise J., Jun, Jonathan C., Polotsky, Vsevolod Y.·2023·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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Abstract

The global epidemic of obesity and type 2 diabetes parallels the rampant state of sleep deprivation in our society. Epidemiological studies consistently show an association between insufficient sleep and metabolic dysfunction. Mechanistically, sleep and circadian rhythm exert considerable influences on hormones involved in appetite regulation and energy metabolism. As such, data from experimental sleep deprivation in humans demonstrate that insufficient sleep induces a positive energy balance with resultant weight gain, due to increased energy intake that far exceeds the additional energy expenditure of nocturnal wakefulness, and adversely impacts glucose metabolism. Conversely, animal models have found that sleep loss–induced energy expenditure exceeds caloric intake resulting in net weight loss. However, animal models have significant limitations, which may diminish the clinical relevance of their metabolic findings. Clinically, insomnia disorder and insomnia symptoms are associated with adverse glucose outcomes, though it remains challenging to isolate the effects of insomnia on metabolic outcomes independent of comorbidities and insufficient sleep durations. Furthermore, both pharmacological and behavioral interventions for insomnia may have direct metabolic effects. The goal of this review is to establish an updated framework for the causal links between insufficient sleep and insomnia and risks for type 2 diabetes and obesity.

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Authors: Duan, D., Kim, L. J., Jun, J. C., & Polotsky, V. Y.
Affiliations: Johns Hopkins University (US)
ORCID: Duan, Daisy
Kim, Lenise J.
Jun, Jonathan C.
Polotsky, Vsevolod Y.
Venue: Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2022-11-13
Volume: 1519
Issue: 1
Pages: 94-117
ISSN: 0077-8923 (ISSN-L)
1749-6632
DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14926
PMC: PMC9839511
OpenAlex: W4308953898
Cited by: 110
References: 213
Citations by year: 2026: 43 · 2025: 35 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 12
FWCI: 2.44
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations: Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: American Heart Association (Postdoctoral Fellowship Award 828142)
American Academy of Sleep Medicine Foundation (273‐BS‐22)
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (K23DK133690)
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (5T32HL110952, R01HL128970, R01HL13310, R01HL135483, R61HL156240, U18DA052301)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
Keywords: insufficient sleep, insomnia, sleep deprivation, metabolic dysfunction, type 2 diabetes, obesity, circadian rhythm, appetite regulation, energy balance, glucose metabolism, energy expenditure
MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Energy Metabolism, Humans, Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders, Obesity, Sleep, Sleep Deprivation

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Connecting insufficient sleep and insomnia with metabolic dysfunction

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