Cited by 2,837Phonetics and Phonology ResearchSpeech and Audio ProcessingVoice and Speech Disorders

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Control Methods Used in a Study of the Vowels

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Peterson, Gordon E., Barney, Harold L.·1952·The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

DOI 10.1121/1.1906875

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Abstract

Relationships between a listener's identification of a spoken vowel and its properties as revealed from acoustic measurement of its sound wave have been a subject of study by many investigators. Both the utterance and the identification of a vowel depend upon the language and dialectal backgrounds and the vocal and auditory characteristics of the individuals concerned. The purpose of this paper is to discuss some of the control methods that have been used in the evaluation of these effects in a vowel study program at Bell Telephone Laboratories. The plan of the study, calibration of recording and measuring equipment, and methods for checking the performance of both speakers and listeners are described. The methods are illustrated from results of tests involving some 76 speakers and 70 listeners.

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Enlarging the scope of phonologization
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“As for the encoding of talker information, pitch and vocal tract length, two important cues indexing talker gender differences (Peterson and Barney, 1952; Smith and Patterson, 2005), may also be analyzed in early auditory processing.”
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“The ratio of female/male f0 was 1.66 for habituation talkers and 1.69 for test talkers, both of which are quite close to the 1.70 found by Peterson and Barney (1952).”
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“Therefore, we used a publicly available data set of two productions of ten vowel sounds from both men (N = 33) and women (N = 28) [31] to train a linear discriminant analysis classifier for estimating the accuracy of decoded formant frequencies.”
Method
Sound identity is represented robustly in auditory cortex during perceptual constancy
Town, S. M., Wood, K. C., & Bizley, J. K. (2018) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-018-07237-3 · Cited by 41
Handbook of Vowels and Vowel Disorders
(2013) · Psychology Press eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203103890 · Cited by 41
Two cases of foreign accent syndrome: An acoustic‐phonetic description
Laures-Gore, J. S., Henson, J. C., Weismer, G. G., et al. (2006) · Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics · doi:10.1080/02699200500391105 · Cited by 41
“Both FAS speakers fell within the expected range of frequencies for the vowels based on the control speakers and data from Peterson & Barney (1954).”
Background
PERCEPTUAL DISTANCE IN TIMBRE SPACE
Terasawa, H., Slaney, M., & Berger, J. (2005) · Cited by 41
Developmental aspects of lingual coarticulation
Sereno, J. A., & LIEBERMAN, P. H. (1987) · Journal of Phonetics · doi:10.1016/s0095-4470(19)30569-8 · Cited by 41
An acoustic comparison of isolated whispered and phonated vowel samples produced by adult male subjects
Kallail, K. J., & Emanuel, F. W. (1984) · Journal of Phonetics · doi:10.1016/s0095-4470(19)30864-2 · Cited by 41
Normal vowel articulations between 15 and 36 months of age
Robb, M. P. (2000) · Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics · doi:10.1080/02699200050023976 · Cited by 40
“Acoustically, these vowels are produced with distinct vocal tract resonances, as re¯ ected in the ® rst and second formant frequencies (F1, F2), which provide strong salient cues to perceiving these vowels (Peterson and Barney, 1952).”
Background
Influences of pellet markers on speech production behavior: Acoustical and perceptual measures
Weismer, G. G., & Bunton, K. (1999) · The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America · doi:10.1121/1.426902 · Cited by 40
Acoustic phenotypes for speech-genetics studies: reference data for residual /з/ distortions
Flipsen, L. D. S. P. (2001) · Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics · doi:10.1080/02699200110069410 · Cited by 40
“In six of the 14 studies the rhotic sound was embedded in single words spoken in isolation (Peterson and Barney, 1952; Klein, 1971; Dalston, 1975; Weismer et al., 1992; Hillenbrand et al., 1995; Westbury et al., 1998), which limits generalization of ® ndings to rhotic sounds as they may be produced in decontextualized…”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluential

Authors: Peterson, G. E., & Barney, H. L.
Affiliations: Bell Telephone Laboratories, Inc., Murray Hill, New Jersey
Venue: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
Published: 1952-03-01
Volume: 24
Issue: 2
Pages: 175-184
ISSN: 0001-4966 (ISSN-L)
1520-8524
DOI: 10.1121/1.1906875
OpenAlex: W2056133372
Cited by: 2,837
References: 0
Citations by year: 2026: 41 · 2025: 42 · 2024: 52 · 2023: 63 · 2022: 79 · 2021: 81 · 2020: 92 · 2019: 83 · 2018: 72 · 2017: 90 · 2016: 90 · 2015: 97 · 2014: 94 · 2013: 136 · 2012: 118
FWCI: 5.93
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
hdl.handle.net
Licence: other-oa
Locations: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America (publishedVersion)
MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Phonetics and Phonology Research
Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Signal Processing › Speech and Audio Processing
Health Sciences › Health Professions › Speech and Hearing › Voice and Speech Disorders
Keywords: vowel recognition, listener identification, equipment calibration, auditory characteristics, speech perception

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Control Methods Used in a Study of the Vowels

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