The DOI matches its Crossref record; 34 of the 34 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Errors in MET Estimates of Physical Activities Using 3.5 ml·kg−1·min−1 as the Baseline Oxygen Consumption
Abstract
Purpose: To compare intensity misclassification and activity MET values using measured RMR (measMET) compared with 3.5 ml·kg−1·min−1 (standMET) and corrected METs [corrMET = mean standMET × (3.5 ÷ Harris-Benedict RMR)] in subgroups. Methods: RMR was measured for 252 subjects following a 4-hr fast and before completion of 11 activities. VO 2 was measured during activity using indirect calorimetry (n = 2555 activities). Subjects were classified by BMI category (normal-weight or overweight/obese), sex, age (decade 20, 30, 40, or 50 y), and fitness quintiles (low to high). Activities were classified into low, moderate, and vigorous intensity categories. Results: The (mean ± SD) measMET was 6.1 ± 2.64 METs. StandMET [mean (95% CI)] was (0.51(0.42, 0.59) METs) less than measMET. CorrMET was not statistically different from measMET (−0.02 (−0.11, 0.06) METs). 12.2% of the activities were misclassified using standMETs compared with an 8.6% misclassification rate for METs based on predicted RMR (P < .0001). StandMET differences and misclassification rates were highest for low fit, overweight, and older individuals while there were no differences when corrMETs were used. Conclusion: Using 3.5 ml·kg−1·min−1 to calculate activity METs causes higher misclassification of activities and inaccurate point estimates of METs than a corrected baseline which considers individual height, weight, and age. These errors disproportionally impact subgroups of the population with the lowest activity levels.
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“Kozey et al.43 have proposed a corrected MET to adjust for individual differences in RMR using the Harris-Benedict RMR equation.38”
From 2024 Adult Compendium of Physical Activities: A third update of the energy costs of human activities (2024) · cites this paper as [43]
Citations
Cites
Compendium of physical activities: an update of activity codes and MET intensities
AINSWORTH, B. E., HASKELL, W. L., WHITT, M. C., IRWIN, M. L., SWARTZ, A. M., STRATH, S. J., O???BRIEN, W. L., BASSETT, D. R., SCHMITZ, K. H., EMPLAINCOURT, P. O., et al. (2000) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1097/00005768-200009001-00009 · Cited by 8,497
Physical Activity in the United States Measured by Accelerometer
TROIANO, R. P., BERRIGAN, D., DODD, K. W., MÂSSE, L. C., TILERT, T., & MCDOWELL, M. (2008) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0b013e31815a51b3 · Cited by 7,638
Compendium of Physical Activities: Classification of energy costs of human physical activities
AINSWORTH, B. E., HASKELL, W. L., LEON, A. S., JACOBS, D. R., MONTOYE, H. J., SALLIS, J. F., & PAFFENBARGER, R. S. (1993) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/00005768-199301000-00011 · Cited by 4,102
Amount of Time Spent in Sedentary Behaviors in the United States, 2003-2004
Matthews, C. E., Chen, K. Y., Freedson, P. S., Buchowski, M. S., Beech, B. M., Pate, R. R., & Troiano, R. P. (2008) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/aje/kwm390 · Cited by 2,631
Self-citationA biometric study of human basal metabolism
Harris, J. A., & Benedict, F. G. (1918) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.4.12.370 · Cited by 1,980
PHYSICAL ACTIVITY ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY IN THE FIVE-CITY PROJECT1
SALLIS, J. F., HASKELL, W. L., WOOD, P. D., FORTMANN, S. P., ROGERS, T., BLAIR, S. N., & PAFFENBARGER, R. S. (1985) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113987 · Cited by 1,716
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The Effect of Social Desirability and Social Approval on Self-Reports of Physical Activity
Adams, S. A. (2005) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/aje/kwi054 · Cited by 1,160 · cited 1×
“There are additional factors affecting the accuracy of self-report measures of PA include social desirability and recall bias.(35,36) and strong objective data show the general population is currently not sufficiently active.”
BackgroundCompher, C., Frankenfield, D., Keim, N., & Roth-Yousey, L. (2006) · Journal of the American Dietetic Association · doi:10.1016/j.jada.2006.02.009 · Cited by 923 · cited 6×
“These restrictions are consistent with the recommendations for measurement of RMR.21 Participants were supine during the measurement period, which lasted between 5 to 10 minutes.”
MethodInfluentialExercise Physiology: Theory and Application to Fitness and Performance
Powers, S. K., & Howley, E. T. (1990) · Cited by 867
Cited by
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2011 Compendium of Physical Activities: A Second Update of Codes and MET Values
AINSWORTH, B. E., HASKELL, W. L., HERRMANN, S. D., MECKES, N., BASSETT, D. R., TUDOR-LOCKE, C., GREER, J. L., VEZINA, J., WHITT-GLOVER, M. C., & LEON, A. S. (2011) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0b013e31821ece12 · Cited by 6,317
2024 Adult Compendium of Physical Activities: A third update of the energy costs of human activities
Herrmann, S. D., Willis, E. A., Ainsworth, B. E., Barreira, T. V., Hastert, M., Kracht, C. L., Schuna, J. M., Cai, Z., Quan, M., Tudor-Locke, C., et al. (2024) · Journal of Sport and Health Science · doi:10.1016/j.jshs.2023.10.010 · Cited by 576
“42 Kozey et al. 43 have proposed a corrected MET to adjust for individual differences in RMR using the Harris-Benedict RMR equation.”
MethodLyden, K., Kozey, S. L., Staudenmeyer, J. W., & Freedson, P. S. (2011) · European Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1007/s00421-010-1639-8 · Cited by 222
Self-citationAccelerometer output and MET values of common physical activities
KOZEY, S. L., LYDEN, K., HOWE, C. A., STAUDENMAYER, J. W., & FREEDSON, P. S. (2010) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0b013e3181d479f2 · Cited by 174
Self-citationExamining Variations of Resting Metabolic Rate of Adults
McMurray, R. G., Soares, J., Caspersen, C. J., & McCurdy, T. R. (2013) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000000232 · Cited by 194
“Although the MET may be a good method to classify intensities of activities, our results suggest that the current definition of a MET may significantly overestimate the RMR of adults, particularly among women and older adults; thus, our findings agree with others using smaller bodies of evidence (13,29,30).”
BackgroundResult
Metadata
- Authors
- Kozey, S., Lyden, K., Staudenmayer, J., & Freedson, P.
- Venue
- Journal of Physical Activity and Health
- Publisher
- Human Kinetics
- Published
- 2010-07
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 508-516
- ISSN
- 1543-3080 (ISSN-L)
- 1543-5474
- OpenAlex
- W2162050088
- Cited by
- 119
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 4.33
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Physical Activity and Health (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Cancer Institute (R01CA121005)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Physical Activity and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Keywords
- resting metabolic rate, Harris-Benedict equation, physical activity energy expenditure, indirect calorimetry, body mass index, fitness level, older adults, overweight and obesity
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Oxygen Consumption, Physical Fitness, Reference Values, Exercise, Body Mass Index, Young Adult
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