Maternal exercise via exerkine apelin enhances brown adipogenesis and prevents metabolic dysfunction in offspring mice

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Maternal voluntary wheel running modulates glucose homeostasis, the gut microbiota and its derived fecal metabolites in offspring

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Maternal exercise increases infant resting energy expenditure: preliminary results

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Exercise enhances placental labyrinth trophoblast development by activation of PGC-1α and FNDC5/irisin

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Embryonic exposure to hyper glucocorticoids suppresses brown fat development and thermogenesis via REDD1

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Fit mothers for a healthy future

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Maternal cold exposure induces distinct transcriptome changes in the placenta and fetal brown adipose tissue in mice

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Epigenetic impact of the parents' physical activity on the health of their children

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Maternal secretin ameliorates obesity by promoting white adipose tissue browning in offspring

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Building‐up fit muscles for the future

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Maternal Exercise Impacts Offspring Metabolic Health in Adulthood: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Animal Studies

Ding, L., Liu, J. Y., Zhou, L., & Xiao, X. (2023) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu15122793 · Cited by 7 · see citing works

Vitamin C‐Dependent Intergenerational Inheritance of Enhanced Endurance Performance Following Maternal Exercise

Shi, H., Li, J. P., Li, F., Yu, H., Zhang, F., Wu, T., Yang, L., Li, Y., Hu, R., Chen, M., et al. (2025) · Advanced Science · doi:10.1002/advs.202408912 · Cited by 8 · see citing works

Maternal exercise represses FGF21 via SIRT1 to improve the phenotypic transformation of vascular smooth muscle in hypertensive offspring

Shan, M., Qiu, F., Li, P., Zhang, Y., & Shi, L. (2024) · Hypertension Research · doi:10.1038/s41440-024-01991-2 · Cited by 6 · see citing works

Gestational Exercise Increases Male Offspring’s Maximal Workload Capacity Early in Life

Beleza, J., Stevanović, J., Coxito, P. M., Rocha, H., dos Santos, P. C. R., Ascensão, A. A. M. R., Torrella, J. R., & Magalhães, J. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms23073916 · Cited by 6 · see citing works

Maternal exercise improves epithelial development of fetal intestine by enhancing apelin signaling and oxidative metabolism

Chae, S. A., Son, J. S., de Avila, J. M., Du, ‬., & Zhu, M. J. (2022) · American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00128.2022 · Cited by 6 · see citing works

Maternal exercise during pregnancy modulates genotoxicity caused by high fructose consumption in mice offspring

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Breastfeeding undernutrition changes iBAT-involved thermogenesis protein expression and leads to a lean phenotype in adult rat offspring

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High‐Calorie Diet During Pregnancy Leads to Muscular Fibrosis and Neuromuscular Damage in Offspring Mice

Son, J. S., Chae, S. A., Chun, Y. H., Wang, H., Jiang, Z., & Du, ‬. (2025) · Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle · doi:10.1002/jcsm.70027 · Cited by 5 · see citing works

The roles of the gut microbiota, metabolites, and epigenetics in the effects of maternal exercise on offspring metabolism

Ren, J., Zhou, L., Li, S., Zhang, Q., & Xiao, X. (2024) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00200.2024 · Cited by 6 · see citing works

Exercise during pregnancy may have more benefits than we thought

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Exercise benefits yourself and your offspring: a mini-review

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The Role of Exerkines in Obesity-Induced Disruption of Mitochondrial Homeostasis in Thermogenic Fat

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Maternal obesity impairs fetal brown adipogenesis by attenuating fetal FGF21 signaling

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Maternal organokines throughout pregnancy as predictors of neonatal anthropometric characteristics and adiposity

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Maternal exercise programs placental miR-495-5p-mediated Snx7 expression and kynurenic acid metabolic pathway induced by prenatal high-fat diet: Based on miRNA-seq, transcriptomics, and metabolomics

Li, S., Zhou, L., Ren, J., Zhang, Q., & Xiao, X. (2024) · The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109830 · Cited by 3 · see citing works

Dilemma of Epigenetic Changes Causing or Reducing Metabolic Disorders in Offsprings of Obese Mothers

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Parental exercise mediates fetal metabolic and cardiac programming

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Maternal exercise during lactation remodels obesity-associated mammary metabolism and milk fatty acids, enhancing offspring lipid oxidation

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Effects of maternal advanced lipoxidation end products diet on the glycolipid metabolism and gut microbiota in offspring mice

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Biomarker-Guided Prediction of Pregnancy Viability, Current Evidence and Emerging Insights: A Narrative Review

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Grandmaternal exercise improves the metabolic health of second-generation offspring generated from F1 females

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The long non-coding RNA landscape of endurance exercise training

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Maternal preconceptional inflammation transgenerationally alters metabolic and behavioral phenotypes in offspring

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The Impact of Exercise during Pregnancy on Maternal and Offspring Outcomes in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

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Maternal exercise during pregnancy modulates genetic and biochemical damage caused by high consumption of fructose in blood and liver of offspringPreprint

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Fatty Acid Metabolism during Exercise

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Apelin

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Vitamin C-Dependent Intergenerational Inheritance of Enhanced Endurance Performance Following Maternal ExercisePreprint

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The Effect of Circuit Games on Increasing the Physical Fitness of Students Aged 8–12 Years

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Spontaneous running wheel exercise during pregnancy prevents later neonatal-anoxia-induced somatic and neurodevelopmental alterations

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Intestinal gluconeogenesis controls the neonatal development of hypothalamic feeding circuits

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SERPINA3C as a mediator of metabolic health in offspring

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Maternal physical activity levels in early pregnancy and the risk of spinal deformity among preschoolers at age 4: findings from the Shanghai birth cohort study

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Maternal exercise during lactation reprograms obesity-related changes in mammary metabolism to optimize milk fatty acids and offspring energy expenditurePreprint

Kyere-Davies, G., Hill, K. B., Mullen, G. P., Varshney, R., Das, S., Martinez, A., Farriester, J. W., Kinter, M. T., Mitchell, C. M., Short, K. R., et al. (2025) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2025.09.04.674229

Exercise-Induced Epigenetics Modulation of Metabolism

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Exercise Benefits for Mother and Offspring: Molecular Mechanisms and Advances

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Maternal exercise is associated with a shift in adiposity distribution and improved markers of adipose health in offspring in mice

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Cross-Generational Integration of Exercise and Nutritional Encoding in Offspring Adipose Genomics

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Regular parental pre-mating exercise reduces offspring white adiposity and is associated with hypothalamic neurodevelopmental changes during lactation

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Astrocytic apelin mediates cortical neuronal function and prevents anxiety-like behaviors in mice

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Maternal obesity and the intergenerational risk of cancer: Epidemiologic evidence and mechanistic insights

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Maternal Exercise Rescues Embryonic Osteogenesis Impaired due to POLG Mutation Through a Potential Apelin‐ATF4 Axis

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Maternal Exercise and Offspring Cardiac Regenerative Potential: Roles of Apelin and α-Ketoglutarate

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Developmental programming of skeletal muscle aging by parental exercise: Intergenerational mechanisms and implications for lifelong muscle health

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miR‑222‑3p inhibits diabetic skin wound healing by targeting APLN

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Environmental exposures and intergenerational cardiovascular risk: epigenetic reprogramming via parental exercise

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Exerkines During Pregnancy: Linking Maternal Exercise with Cardiometabolic Health—A Narrative Review

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Maternal exercise enhances brown adipose tissue development and thermogenesis in offspring mice challenged with high fat diet

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Exerkine apelin reverses obesity-associated placental dysfunction by accelerating mitochondrial biogenesis in mice

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Apelin-APJ signaling in mediating the beneficial effects of maternal exercise on placenta and fetal intestinal development

Chae, S. (2024) · Washington State University · doi:10.7273/000005003

Maternal exercise improves markers of metabolic signaling and reduces inflammation in brown adipose tissue of offspring

Menon, P., Bingaman, S. S., Prentice, D. M., & Arnold, A. C. (2023) · Physiology · doi:10.1152/physiol.2023.38.s1.5727591

Maternal exercise shifts adiposity distribution in offspring towards energy burning brown fat

Prentice, D. M., Bingaman, S. S., Ural, S., Browning, K. N., & Arnold, A. C. (2023) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2022.11.102