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Operant Reward Learning in Aplysia : Neuronal Correlates and Mechanisms
Open accessAbstract
Operant conditioning is a form of associative learning through which an animal learns about the consequences of its behavior. Here, we report an appetitive operant conditioning procedure in Aplysia that induces long-term memory. Biophysical changes that accompanied the memory were found in an identified neuron (cell B51) that is considered critical for the expression of behavior that was rewarded. Similar cellular changes in B51 were produced by contingent reinforcement of B51 with dopamine in a single-cell analog of the operant procedure. These findings allow for the detailed analysis of the cellular and molecular processes underlying operant conditioning.
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“For example, Aplysia californica is only capable of modifying the strength of preexisting associations between reflex-eliciting stimuli, and thus its mode of AL does not meet condition ii (see Carew et al., 1981; Hawkins et al., 1983; Brembs et al., 2002; Hawkins and Byrne, 2015 provide a review).”
From The Transition to Minimal Consciousness through the Evolution of Associative Learning (2016) · cites this paper as Brembs et al., 2002
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Metadata
- Authors
- Brembs, B., Lorenzetti, F. D., Reyes, F. D., Baxter, D. A., & Byrne, J. H.
- Affiliations
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, W. M. Keck Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, The University of Texas–Houston Medical School, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
- Corresponding author
- Lorenzetti, Fred D.
- Byrne, John H.
- ORCID
- Byrne, John H.
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2002-05-31
- Volume
- 296
- Issue
- 5573
- Pages
- 1706-1709
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W2055848231
- Cited by
- 338
- References
- 22
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 32 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 24 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 13
- FWCI
- 7.34
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- doi.org
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- University of Regensburg Publication Server (University of Regensburg) (acceptedVersion)
- University of Regensburg Publication Server (University of Regensburg)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH058321, MH58321)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research
- Keywords
- operant conditioning, Aplysia, appetitive learning, long-term memory, dopamine, contingent reinforcement, associative learning
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Aplysia, Cells, Cultured, Conditioning, Operant, Dopamine, Eating, Electric Stimulation, Electrophysiology, Esophagus, Feeding Behavior, Food, Iontophoresis, Membrane Potentials, Memory, Nerve Net, Neuronal Plasticity, Neurons, Reinforcement, Psychology, Reward, Ganglia, Invertebrate, Patch-Clamp Techniques
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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