Temporal and Spatial Variability of Lunar Hydration As Observed by the Deep Impact Spacecraft
Abstract
Lunar Water: The Moon has been thought to be primarily anhydrous, although there has been some evidence for accumulated ice in permanently shadowed craters near its poles (see the Perspective by Lucey , published online 24 September). By analyzing recent infrared mapping by Chandrayaan-1 and Deep Impact, and reexamining Cassini data obtained during its early flyby of the Moon, Pieters et al. (p. 568 , published online 24 September), Sunshine et al. (p. 565 , published online 24 September), and Clark et al. (p. 562 , published online 24 September) reveal a noticeable absorption signal for H 2 O and OH across much of the surface. Some variability in water abundance is seen over the course of the lunar day. The data imply that solar wind is depositing and/or somehow forming water and OH in minerals near the lunar surface, and that this trapped water is dynamic.
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Global remote sensing observations have revealed that the lunar surface is distributed with abundant non-metal elements (e.g., O and Si), metal elements (e.g., Fe, Ti, Mg, Ca, and REE), volatile (e.g., H2O, C, and N), thick regolith, and lava tube.
“The global remote sensing observations have revealed that lunar surface is distributed with abundant non-metal elements (e.g., O and Si), 231 metal elements (e.g., Fe, Ti, Mg, Ca, and REE), 231,232 volatile (e.g., H 2 O, C, and N), 233 thick regolith, 234 and lava tube. 235”
From Energy system and resource utilization in space: A state-of-the-art review (2024) · cites this paper as [233]
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- Authors
- Sunshine, J. M., Farnham, T. L., Feaga, L. M., Groussin, O., Merlin, F., Milliken, R. E., & A’Hearn, M. F.
- Affiliations
- University of Maryland, College Park (US)
- Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Marseille (FR)
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory (US)
- Corresponding author
- Sunshine, Jessica M.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2009-10-23
- Volume
- 326
- Issue
- 5952
- Pages
- 565-568
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W2028837562
- Cited by
- 490
- References
- 17
- Citations by year
- 2026: 31 · 2025: 36 · 2024: 39 · 2023: 39 · 2022: 32 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 20 · 2018: 27 · 2017: 24 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 30 · 2014: 29 · 2013: 23 · 2012: 23
- FWCI
- 14.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Planetary Science and Exploration
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Astro and Planetary Science
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › History and Developments in Astronomy
- Keywords
- lunar water, hydroxyl absorption, water absorption, diurnal variation, lunar poles, lunar mare basalts, lunar highlands, solar wind, near-infrared spectroscopy, lunar surface
- MeSH terms
- Extraterrestrial Environment, Spectrum Analysis, Sunlight, Temperature, Time Factors, Water, Moon, Hydroxyl Radical, Spacecraft
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