Climate change and wind intensification in coastal upwelling ecosystems
Abstract
In 1990, Andrew Bakun proposed that increasing greenhouse gas concentrations would force intensification of upwelling-favorable winds in eastern boundary current systems that contribute substantial services to society. Because there is considerable disagreement about whether contemporary wind trends support Bakun's hypothesis, we performed a meta-analysis of the literature on upwelling-favorable wind intensification. The preponderance of published analyses suggests that winds have intensified in the California, Benguela, and Humboldt upwelling systems and weakened in the Iberian system over time scales ranging up to 60 years; wind change is equivocal in the Canary system. Stronger intensification signals are observed at higher latitudes, consistent with the warming pattern associated with climate change. Overall, reported changes in coastal winds, although subtle and spatially variable, support Bakun's hypothesis of upwelling intensification in eastern boundary current systems.
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Equatorward upwelling-favorable winds have been observed to increase in strength in most EBUS.
“Moreover, equatorward upwelling-favorable winds were observed to be increasing their strength in most EBUS (Bakun, 1990;García-Reyes et al., 2015;Sydeman et al., 2014).”
From Recent Trends in SST, Chl‐<i>a</i>, Productivity and Wind Stress in Upwelling and Open Ocean Areas in the Upper Eastern North Atlantic Subtropical Gyre (2021) · cites this paper as Sydeman et al., 2014
Sydeman et al. (2014) performed a meta-analysis of wind trends and emphasized equivocal results for the permanent upwelling area in the Canary upwelling system.
“However, a more recent study of Sydeman et al. (2014) who performed a meta-analysis of wind trends in the literature emphasizes equivocal results for the permanent upwelling area in the Canary upwelling system.”
From Recent Trends in SST, Chl‐<i>a</i>, Productivity and Wind Stress in Upwelling and Open Ocean Areas in the Upper Eastern North Atlantic Subtropical Gyre (2021) · cites this paper as Sydeman et al. (2014)
Recent reductions in seabird productivity (breeding success) and populations have been related to climate change in the California and Humboldt systems via changes in anchovy and juvenile rockfish (Sebastes spp.) food resources.
“Among seabirds, recent reductions in productivity (breeding success) and populations have been related to climate change in the California [14,100] and Humboldt [101] systems via changes in anchovy and juvenile rockfish (Sebastes spp.) food resources.”
From Anticipated Effects of Climate Change on Coastal Upwelling Ecosystems (2015) · cites this paper as [14]
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Declining oxygen in the global ocean and coastal waters
Breitburg, D., Levin, L. A., Oschlies, A., Grégoire, M., Chavez, F. P., Conley, D. J., Garçon, V., Gilbert, D., Gutiérrez, D., Isensee, K., et al. (2018) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aam7240 · Cited by 3,253 · see citing works
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Self-citationIntensification and spatial homogenization of coastal upwelling under climate change
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Reduced Nearshore Warming Associated With Eastern Boundary Upwelling Systems
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- Authors
- Sydeman, W. J., García-Reyes, M., Schoeman, D. S., Rykaczewski, R. R., Thompson, S. A., Black, B. A., & Bograd, S. J.
- Affiliations
- Farallon Institute (US)
- Farallon Institute for Advanced Ecosystem Research, Suite Q, 101 H Street, Petaluma, CA 94952, USA.
- University of the Sunshine Coast (AU)
- University of South Carolina (US)
- University of Washington (US)
- University of Texas at Austin Marine Science Institute (US)
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (US)
- Corresponding author
- Sydeman, W. J.
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2014-07-04
- Volume
- 345
- Issue
- 6192
- Pages
- 77-80
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W2143385076
- Cited by
- 613
- References
- 2
- Citations by year
- 2026: 33 · 2025: 49 · 2024: 61 · 2023: 65 · 2022: 57 · 2021: 72 · 2020: 44 · 2019: 53 · 2018: 43 · 2017: 44 · 2016: 42 · 2015: 43 · 2014: 6
- FWCI
- 32.38
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Oceanography › Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Climate variability and models
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Marine and fisheries research
- Keywords
- climate change, coastal upwelling, eastern boundary currents, upwelling-favorable winds, greenhouse gas forcing, California Current, Benguela Current, Humboldt Current, Canary Current, wind trends, ocean warming
- MeSH terms
- California, Wind, Greenhouse Effect, Ecosystem, Climate Change
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