Cited by 1,447Alzheimer's disease research and treatmentsDementia and Cognitive Impairment ResearchNeuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms

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Production of the Alzheimer Amyloid β Protein by Normal Proteolytic Processing

Shoji, Mikio, Golde, Todd E., Ghiso, Jorge, Cheung, Tobun T., Estus, Steven, Shaffer, Lillian M., Cai, Xiao-Dan, McKay, Deborah M., Tintner, Ron, Frangione, Bias, Younkin, Steven G.·1992·Science

DOI 10.1126/science.1439760

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Abstract

The 4-kilodalton (39 to 43 amino acids) amyloid β protein (βAP), which is deposited as amyloid in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease, is derived from a large protein, the amyloid β protein precursor (βAPP). Human mononuclear leukemic (K562) cells expressing a βAP-bearing, carboxyl-terminal βAPP derivative released significant amounts of a soluble 4-kilodalton βAPP derivative essentially identical to the βAP deposited in Alzheimer's disease. Human neuroblastoma (M17) cells transfected with constructs expressing full-length βAPP and M17 cells expressing only endogenous βAPP also released soluble 4-kilodalton βAP, and a similar, if not identical, fragment was readily detected in cerebrospinal fluid from individuals with Alzheimer's disease and normal individuals. Thus cells normally produce and release soluble 4-kilodalton βAP that is essentially identical to the 4-kilodalton βAP deposited as insoluble amyloid fibrils in Alzheimer's disease.

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Calreticulin functions as a molecular chaperone for the β-amyloid precursor protein 1 1Abbreviations used: Aβ, β-amyloid peptide; AD, Alzheimer’s disease; APP, β-amyloid precursor protein; CHAPS, 3-[(3-Cholamidopropyl)-dimethylammonio]-1-propanesulfonate; Crt, calreticulin; DMEM, Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium; DMJ, deoxymannojirimycin; DTSSP, 3,3′-Dithio bis (sulfosuccinimidylpropionate); ECL, Enhanced Chemiluminescence; ER, endoplasmic reticulum; FBS, fetal bovine serum; HRP, horseradish peroxidase; kDa, kiloDaltons; MES, 2-(N-Morpholino) ethane sulfonic acid; NRS, normal rabbit serum; PBS, PBS; PMSF, phenymethylsulfonyl fluoride; PVDF, polyvinylidene fluoride.
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Authors: Shoji, M., Golde, T. E., Ghiso, J., Cheung, T. T., Estus, S., Shaffer, L. M., Cai, X.-D., McKay, D. M., Tintner, R., Frangione, B., & Younkin, S. G.
Affiliations: Gunma University (JP)
Case Western Reserve University (US)
NYU Langone Health (US)
Washington University in St. Louis (US)
The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (US)
ORCID: Shoji, Mikio
Golde, Todd E.
Ghiso, Jorge
Estus, Steven
Younkin, Steven G.
Venue: Science
Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Published: 1992-10-02
Volume: 258
Issue: 5079
Pages: 126-129
ISSN: 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
1095-9203
DOI: 10.1126/science.1439760
OpenAlex: W2033382511
Cited by: 1,447
References: 32
Citations by year: 2026: 4 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 37 · 2015: 26 · 2014: 28 · 2013: 38 · 2012: 37
FWCI: 80.08
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Science (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institute on Aging (AG06656, R01AG006656, AG05891)
National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (AR02594)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
Keywords: amyloid-beta, Alzheimer's disease, amyloid precursor protein, proteolytic processing, soluble amyloid-beta, amyloid fibrils, cerebrospinal fluid, K562 cells, neuroblastoma cells, transfection, protein secretion
MeSH terms: Alzheimer Disease, Amino Acid Sequence, Animals, Base Sequence, Cell Line, Leukemia, Myeloid, Molecular Sequence Data, Neuroblastoma, Transfection, Immunoblotting, Amyloid beta-Peptides, Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor

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Production of the Alzheimer Amyloid β Protein by Normal Proteolytic Processing

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