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Neurotrophic and Neurotoxic Effects of Amyloid β Protein: Reversal by Tachykinin Neuropeptides
Abstract
The amyloid β protein is deposited in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease but its pathogenic role is unknown. In culture, the amyloid β protein was neurotrophic to undifferentiated hippocampal neurons at low concentrations and neurotoxic to mature neurons at higher concentrations. In differentiated neurons, amyloid β protein caused dendritic and axonal retraction followed by neuronal death. A portion of the amyloid β protein (amino acids 25 to 35) mediated both the trophic and toxic effects and was homologous to the tachykinin neuropeptide family. The effects of the amyloid β protein were mimicked by tachykinin antagonists and completely reversed by specific tachykinin agonists. Thus, the amyloid β protein could function as a neurotrophic factor for differentiating neurons, but at high concentrations in mature neurons, as in Alzheimer's disease, could cause neuronal degeneration.
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“This Aβ peptide fragment contains the biologically active portion of Aβ (Yanker et al., 1990; Takadera et al., 1993).”
From The mitochondria-targeted antioxidant MitoQ prevents loss of spatial memory retention and early neuropathology in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease (2011) · cites this paper as Yanker et al., 1990
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Metadata
- Authors
- Yankner, B. A., Duffy, L. K., & Kirschner, D. A.
- Affiliations
- Boston Children's Hospital (US)
- University of Alaska Fairbanks (US)
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 1990-10-12
- Volume
- 250
- Issue
- 4978
- Pages
- 279-282
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W2059214757
- Cited by
- 1,975
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 29 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 29 · 2018: 32 · 2017: 27 · 2016: 37 · 2015: 44 · 2014: 46 · 2013: 40 · 2012: 40
- FWCI
- 64.80
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Aging (AG08572, R01AG008572)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NS01240, K08NS001240)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Keywords
- amyloid-beta, Alzheimer's disease, neurotoxicity, neurotrophic effects, tachykinin antagonists, hippocampal neurons, neuronal differentiation, neuronal cell death, dendritic retraction, axonal retraction, neurotrophic factors
- MeSH terms
- Amino Acid Sequence, Animals, Cells, Cultured, Embryo, Mammalian, Hippocampus, Molecular Sequence Data, Neurons, Neurotoxins, Peptide Fragments, Tachykinins, Amyloid beta-Peptides, Rats
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