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The Aging Immune System: Primer and Prospectus
Abstract
Changes in T lymphocyte populations underlie much of the age-related decline in the protective immune response. Aging leads to the replacement of virgin T cells by memory T cells and to the accumulation of cells with signal transduction defects. Studies of antibody gene assembly, accessory cell function, post-thymic T cell development, skewed selection of T cell receptor repertoire, and the clinical concomitants of immune senescence will shed new light on the causes and consequences of age-dependent immune failure.
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“The ageing immune system is characterised by a decline in stem cells, alterations in T-lymphocyte production, blunting of the B-cell led antibody response and reduced phagocytic activity of neutrophils, macrophages and natural killer cells (50, 51).”
From Frailty in elderly people (2013) · cites this paper as [51]
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Frasca, D., & Doha, G. (1997) · Developmental & Comparative Immunology · doi:10.1016/s0145-305x(97)00032-3 · Cited by 6
Senescence Ecology: Aging in a Population of Wild Brown Mouse Lemurs (Microcebus rufus)
Zohdy, S. (2012) · Työväentutkimus Vuosikirja · doi:10.13140/rg.2.1.1825.4881 · Cited by 7
Cinader, B. (1998) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1006/rwei.1999.0017 · Cited by 6
Tchouto, M. N., Bucher, C. H., Meß, A.-K., Haas, S. F., Schmidt‐Bleek, K., Duda, G. N., Beule, D., & Milek, M. (2025) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2025.1511902 · Cited by 5
Poiré, X., Labopin, M., Polge, E., Blaise, D., Chevallier, P., Maertens, J. A., Kröger, N. M., Besley, C., Nguyen, S., Castilla‐Llorente, C., et al. (2025) · Blood Advances · doi:10.1182/bloodadvances.2024015582 · Cited by 5
“34,35 Moreover, impaired thymic function in both older patients and older donors may further contribute to the risk of GVHD.”
Allsopp, G. L., Addinsall, A. B., Stephenson, G. L., Basheer, F., Gatta, P. A. D., Hoffmann, S. M., Russell, A. P., & Wright, C. R. (2024) · BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1186/s13102-024-00890-w · Cited by 5
“Ageing is also associated with cytokine dysregulation termed ‘inflammageing’, where circulating pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) are chronically elevated [17] and anti-inflammatory cytokines are reduced [18].”
BackgroundChallenges and Promise for the Development of Human Immune Monitoring
Shen-Orr, S. S. (2012) · Rambam Maimonides Medical Journal · doi:10.5041/rmmj.10090 · Cited by 5
Tullius, S. G., & Neuhaus, P. (2002) · Current Opinion in Urology · doi:10.1097/00042307-200203000-00004 · Cited by 5
Zhang, H. (2020) · Transfusion and Apheresis Science · doi:10.1016/j.transci.2020.102743 · Cited by 5
THE IMPORTANCE OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY FOR OLDER ADULTS
Lepan, Ž., & Leutar, Z. (2012) · Socijalna ekologija : časopis za ekološku misao i sociologijska istraživanja okoline · Cited by 5
Ontogeny of immunity and potential implications for co-infection
Ramsay, C. T., & Rohr, J. R. (2023) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2022.0127 · Cited by 5
Khatami, M. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-66475-0_3 · Cited by 6
RSV Infection in Elderly Adults
Murata, Y., & Falsey, A. R. (2006) · Perspectives in medical virology · doi:10.1016/s0168-7069(06)14006-9 · Cited by 5
Plackett, T. P., Jarrett, J. C., Gamelli, R. L., & Kovacs, E. J. (2005) · The Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection, and Critical Care · doi:10.1097/01.ta.0000174941.53688.01 · Cited by 5
Comparative Proteome Analysis of Splenic Lymphocytes in Senescence-Accelerated Mice
Luo, Y., Li, Y., Lin, C. X., Ma, H., Zhang, J., Wu, S., Wang, X., Gao, Y., Liu, Y., & Zheng, D. (2009) · Gerontology · doi:10.1159/000225958 · Cited by 5
Reversal of Neuronal Atrophy: Role of Cellular Immunity in Neuroplasticity and Aging
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“As aging is associated with decreased T cell function [48-52], older T cells may be less effective at protecting aging or injured neurons, and be less capable of supporting neurogenesis.”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Miller, R. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Michigan (US)
- Corresponding author
- Miller, Richard A.
- ORCID
- Miller, Richard A.
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 1996-07-05
- Volume
- 273
- Issue
- 5271
- Pages
- 70-74
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W2043464691
- Cited by
- 1,165
- References
- 71
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 34 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 33 · 2017: 32 · 2016: 24 · 2015: 31 · 2014: 26 · 2013: 40 · 2012: 35
- FWCI
- 5.20
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Aging › Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Telomeres, Telomerase, and Senescence
- Keywords
- immunosenescence, aging, T cells, memory T cells, T cell receptor repertoire, signal transduction defects, accessory cell function, age-related immune decline
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Aging, Animals, Antibody Formation, Antigen-Presenting Cells, B-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxicity, Immunologic, Disease Susceptibility, Humans, Immune System, Immunologic Memory, Killer Cells, Natural, Longevity, Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, T-Lymphocytes
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