The DOI matches its Crossref record; 166 of the 167 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The hormonal-control of sexual development
Abstract
Male and female human embryos develop identically during the first phase of gestation. The indifferent gonads then differentiate into ovaries or testes and soon begin to secrete their characteristic hormones. If ovaries (or no gonads) are present the final phenotype is female; thus no gonadal hormones are required for female development during embryogenesis. Two hormones of the fetal testis—Müllerian regression hormone and testosterone—are responsible for the formation of the male phenotype. Analysis of fibroblasts from the skin of patients with abnormalities of sexual development due to single gene defects shows that testosterone is responsible for virilization of the male internal genital tract, that its derivative dihydrotestosterone causes development of the male external genitalia, and that both hormones act in the embryo by the same receptor mechanisms operative in postnatal life.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Masculinization of the external genitalia in humans is dependent on formation of 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) through both the canonical androgenic pathway and an alternative (backdoor) pathway.”
From Alternative (backdoor) androgen production and masculinization in the human fetus (2019) · cites this paper as [10]
In the citing paper
“However, it is conversion of testosterone to the more potent 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) at the target organ that leads to masculinization of the external genitalia [10].”
From Alternative (backdoor) androgen production and masculinization in the human fetus (2019) · cites this paper as [10]
Citations
Cites
The Metabolic Basis of Inherited Disease.
(1988) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-108-3-503_7 · Cited by 7,807
The Low-Density Lipoprotein Pathway and its Relation to Atherosclerosis
Goldstein, L. J., & Brown, S. M. (1977) · Annual Review of Biochemistry · doi:10.1146/annurev.bi.46.070177.004341 · Cited by 1,906
Sexual Differentiation of the Central Nervous System
MacLusky, N. J., & Naftolin, F. (1981) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.6163211 · Cited by 1,469
A SEX-CHROMOSOME ANOMALY IN A CASE OF GONADAL DYSGENESIS (TURNER'S SYNDROME)
Ford, C. E. (1959) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(59)91893-8 · Cited by 1,359
Steroid 5α-Reductase Deficiency in Man: An Inherited Form of Male Pseudohermaphroditism
Imperato-McGinley, J., Guerrero, L., Gautier, T., & Peterson, R. E. (1974) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.186.4170.1213 · Cited by 1,258
Familial Incomplete Male Pseudohermaphroditism, Type 2
Walsh, P. C., Madden, J. D., Harrod, M. J., Goldstein, J. L., MacDonald, P. C., & Wilson, J. D. (1974) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm197410312911806 · Cited by 621
Self-citationTestosterone Formation and Metabolism During Male Sexual Differentiation in the Human Embryo
Siiteri, P. K., & Wilson, J. D. (1974) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-38-1-113 · Cited by 591
Self-citationX-linked Gene for Testicular Feminization in the Mouse
LYON, M. F., & HAWKES, S. G. (1970) · Nature · doi:10.1038/2271217a0 · Cited by 555
Gene‐induced embryological modifications of primordial germ cells in the mouse
Mintz, B., & Russell, E. S. (1957) · Journal of Experimental Zoology · doi:10.1002/jez.1401340202 · Cited by 547
The Upjohn Lecture of the Endocrine Society Sex Hormones, Brain Development and Brain Function12
Harris, G. W. (1964) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo-75-4-627 · Cited by 453
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- WILSON, J.D., BIRTH DEFECTS-ORIGINAL ARTICLE SERIES 11: 1 (1975).
- WILSON, J.D., CAMPBELLS TXB UROLOG: 1469 (1979).
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Sexual Differentiation of the Central Nervous System
MacLusky, N. J., & Naftolin, F. (1981) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.6163211 · Cited by 1,469
Testosterone and dominance in men
Mazur, A., & Booth, A. (1998) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x98001228 · Cited by 1,447
Androgen Receptor Defects: Historical, Clinical, and Molecular Perspectives*
Quigley, C. A., Bellis, A. D., Marschke, K. B., Awady, M. K. E., Wilson, E. M., & French, F. S. (1995) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/edrv-16-3-271 · Cited by 1,459
Human behavioral sex differences: A role for gonadal hormones during early development?
Collaer, M. L., & Hines, M. (1995) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.118.1.55 · Cited by 779
Anti-Müllerian hormone: ovarian reserve testing and its potential clinical implications
Broer, S. L., Broekmans, F. J., Laven, J. S. E., & Fauser, B. C. J. M. (2014) · Human Reproduction Update · doi:10.1093/humupd/dmu020 · Cited by 691
Metadata
- Authors
- Wilson, J. D., George, F. W., & Griffin, J. E.
- Affiliations
- The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (US)
- ORCID
- Griffin, James E.
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 1981-03-20
- Volume
- 211
- Issue
- 4488
- Pages
- 1278-1284
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W2112600512
- Cited by
- 451
- References
- 167
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 1.83
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Sexual Differentiation and Disorders
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic and Clinical Aspects of Sex Determination and Chromosomal Abnormalities
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Urology › Urological Disorders and Treatments
- Keywords
- sexual development, gonadal differentiation, testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, sex determination, external genitalia development, masculinization, sex chromosome abnormalities, hormone receptors, embryonic development
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Estradiol, Female, Glycoproteins, Gonadotropins, Growth Inhibitors, Humans, Male, Morphogenesis, Mullerian Ducts, Ovary, Rabbits, Receptors, Androgen, Sex Differentiation, Testicular Hormones, Testis, Testosterone, Time Factors, Urogenital System, Wolffian Ducts, Anti-Mullerian Hormone
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
