Cited by 451Sexual Differentiation and DisordersGenetic and Clinical Aspects of Sex Determination and Chromosomal AbnormalitiesUrological Disorders and Treatments

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 166 of the 167 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

The hormonal-control of sexual development

Wilson, Jean D., George, Fredrick W., Griffin, James E.·1981·Science

DOI 10.1126/science.7010602

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Male and female human embryos develop identically during the first phase of gestation. The indifferent gonads then differentiate into ovaries or testes and soon begin to secrete their characteristic hormones. If ovaries (or no gonads) are present the final phenotype is female; thus no gonadal hormones are required for female development during embryogenesis. Two hormones of the fetal testis—Müllerian regression hormone and testosterone—are responsible for the formation of the male phenotype. Analysis of fibroblasts from the skin of patients with abnormalities of sexual development due to single gene defects shows that testosterone is responsible for virilization of the male internal genital tract, that its derivative dihydrotestosterone causes development of the male external genitalia, and that both hormones act in the embryo by the same receptor mechanisms operative in postnatal life.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1126/science.7010602

Cites

166 of 166 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

The Metabolic Basis of Inherited Disease.
(1988) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-108-3-503_7 · Cited by 7,807
The Low-Density Lipoprotein Pathway and its Relation to Atherosclerosis
Goldstein, L. J., & Brown, S. M. (1977) · Annual Review of Biochemistry · doi:10.1146/annurev.bi.46.070177.004341 · Cited by 1,906
Sexual Differentiation of the Central Nervous System
MacLusky, N. J., & Naftolin, F. (1981) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.6163211 · Cited by 1,469
A SEX-CHROMOSOME ANOMALY IN A CASE OF GONADAL DYSGENESIS (TURNER'S SYNDROME)
Ford, C. E. (1959) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(59)91893-8 · Cited by 1,359
Steroid 5α-Reductase Deficiency in Man: An Inherited Form of Male Pseudohermaphroditism
Imperato-McGinley, J., Guerrero, L., Gautier, T., & Peterson, R. E. (1974) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.186.4170.1213 · Cited by 1,258
Familial Incomplete Male Pseudohermaphroditism, Type 2
Walsh, P. C., Madden, J. D., Harrod, M. J., Goldstein, J. L., MacDonald, P. C., & Wilson, J. D. (1974) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm197410312911806 · Cited by 621
Self-citation
Testosterone Formation and Metabolism During Male Sexual Differentiation in the Human Embryo
Siiteri, P. K., & Wilson, J. D. (1974) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-38-1-113 · Cited by 591
Self-citation
X-linked Gene for Testicular Feminization in the Mouse
LYON, M. F., & HAWKES, S. G. (1970) · Nature · doi:10.1038/2271217a0 · Cited by 555
Gene‐induced embryological modifications of primordial germ cells in the mouse
Mintz, B., & Russell, E. S. (1957) · Journal of Experimental Zoology · doi:10.1002/jez.1401340202 · Cited by 547
The Upjohn Lecture of the Endocrine Society Sex Hormones, Brain Development and Brain Function12
Harris, G. W. (1964) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo-75-4-627 · Cited by 453

Show all 167 references

Research works printed but not linked: 2

WILSON, J.D., BIRTH DEFECTS-ORIGINAL ARTICLE SERIES 11: 1 (1975).
WILSON, J.D., CAMPBELLS TXB UROLOG: 1469 (1979).

Sorted by citations

Sexual Differentiation of the Central Nervous System
MacLusky, N. J., & Naftolin, F. (1981) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.6163211 · Cited by 1,469
Testosterone and dominance in men
Mazur, A., & Booth, A. (1998) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x98001228 · Cited by 1,447
Androgen Receptor Defects: Historical, Clinical, and Molecular Perspectives*
Quigley, C. A., Bellis, A. D., Marschke, K. B., Awady, M. K. E., Wilson, E. M., & French, F. S. (1995) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/edrv-16-3-271 · Cited by 1,459
Human behavioral sex differences: A role for gonadal hormones during early development?
Collaer, M. L., & Hines, M. (1995) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.118.1.55 · Cited by 779
Anti-Müllerian hormone: ovarian reserve testing and its potential clinical implications
Broer, S. L., Broekmans, F. J., Laven, J. S. E., & Fauser, B. C. J. M. (2014) · Human Reproduction Update · doi:10.1093/humupd/dmu020 · Cited by 691
Developmental and Reproductive Toxicity of Dioxins and Related Compounds: Cross-Species Comparisons
Peterson, R. E., Theobald, H. M., & Kimmel, G. L. (1993) · Critical Reviews in Toxicology · doi:10.3109/10408449309105013 · Cited by 635
Impotence
Krane, R. J., Goldstein, I., & de Tejada, I. S. (1989) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm198912143212406 · Cited by 540
Untitled work
Chamberlain (2005) · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2004.11.004 · Cited by 529
Androgen Receptor Roles in Spermatogenesis and Fertility: Lessons from Testicular Cell-Specific Androgen Receptor Knockout Mice
Wang, R.-S., Yeh, S., Tzeng, C., & Chang, C. (2009) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/er.2008-0025 · Cited by 487
Anatomical and Functional Aspects of Testicular Descent and Cryptorchidism
Hutson, J. M., Hasthorpe, S., & Heyns, C. F. (1997) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/edrv.18.2.0298 · Cited by 403
Testosterone: A Major Determinant of Extragenital Sexual Dimorphism
Bardin, C. W., & Catterall, J. F. (1981) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.7010603 · Cited by 381
Gender development and the human brain
Hines, M. (2011) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev-neuro-061010-113654 · Cited by 378
Sex-related variation in human behavior and the brain
Hines, M. (2010) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2010.07.005 · Cited by 355
Sexual dimorphism in the vertebrate nervous system
Breedlove, S. M. (1992) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.12-11-04133.1992 · Cited by 304
Hypospadias and endocrine disruption: is there a connection?
Baskin, L. S., Himes, K., & Colborn, T. (2001) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.011091175 · Cited by 281
Effects of Prenatal Sex Hormones on Gender-Related Behavior
Ehrhardt, A. Α., & Meyer‐Bahlburg, H. F. L. (1981) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.7209510 · Cited by 271
Kinanthropometry IX
Marfell-Jones, M., Stewart, A., & Olds, T. (2006) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203970157 · Cited by 262
GENETIC CONTROL OF PRIMARY SEX DETERMINATION IN MICE
Eicher, E. M., & Washburn, L. L. (1986) · Annual Review of Genetics · doi:10.1146/annurev.ge.20.120186.001551 · Cited by 259
The Role of Androgens in Female Vertebrates
Staub, N. L., & Beer, M. D. (1997) · General and Comparative Endocrinology · doi:10.1006/gcen.1997.6962 · Cited by 251
Androgen Receptor Expression in Developing Male Reproductive Organs*
Cooke, P. S., Young, P., & Cunha, G. R. (1991) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo-128-6-2867 · Cited by 241
Factor Analysis Shows That Female Rat Behaviour Is Characterized Primarily by Activity, Male Rats Are Driven by Sex and Anxiety
Fernandes, C., González, M. I., WILSON, C. A., & File, S. E. (1999) · Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior · doi:10.1016/s0091-3057(99)00139-2 · Cited by 249
The early in utero oestrogen and testosterone environment of blacks and whites: potential effects on male offspring
Henderson, B. E., Bernstein, L., Ross, R., Depue, R. H., & Judd, H. L. (1988) · British Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1038/bjc.1988.46 · Cited by 226
Structure and function of the ductuli efferentes: A review
Ilio, K. Y., & Hess, R. A. (1994) · Microscopy Research and Technique · doi:10.1002/jemt.1070290604 · Cited by 224
Prenatal endocrine influences on sexual orientation and on sexually differentiated childhood behavior
Hines, M. (2011) · Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.yfrne.2011.02.006 · Cited by 231
A BIPHASIC MODEL FOR THE HORMONAL CONTROL OF TESTICULAR DESCENT
Hutson, J. (1985) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(85)92739-4 · Cited by 214
Pre- and postnatal toxicity of the commercial glyphosate formulation in Wistar rats
Dallegrave, E., Mantese, F. D. G., de Oliveira, R. T., Martino‐Andrade, A. J., Dalsenter, P. R., & Langeloh, A. (2007) · Archives of Toxicology · doi:10.1007/s00204-006-0170-5 · Cited by 211
Mammalian Spermatogenesisin Vivoandin Vitro: A Partnership of Spermatogenic and Somatic Cell Lineages*
Kierszenbaum, A. L. (1994) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/edrv-15-1-116 · Cited by 210
Primary genetic control of somatic sexual differentiation in a mammal
Wai‐Sum, O., Short, R. V., Renfree, M. B., & Shaw, G. (1988) · Nature · doi:10.1038/331716a0 · Cited by 210
Testosterone during Pregnancy and Gender Role Behavior of Preschool Children: A Longitudinal, Population Study
Hines, M., Golombok, S. E., Rust, J. N., Johnston, K. J., Golding, J., & Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children Study Team (2002) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/1467-8624.00498 · Cited by 204
Histological and ultrastructural evidence for the role of gonadal steroid hormones in sex change in the protogynous wrasse Thalassoma duperrey
Nakamura, M., Hourigan, T. F., Yamauchi, K., Nagahama, Y., & Grau, E. G. (1989) · Environmental Biology of Fishes · doi:10.1007/bf00001282 · Cited by 199
Cancer Risk in Men Exposed In Utero to Diethylstilbestrol
Strohsnitter, W. C., Noller, K. L., Hoover, R. N., Robboy, S. J., Palmer, J. R., Titus-Ernstoff, L. T., Kaufman, R. H., Adám, E., Herbst, A. L., & Hatch, E. E. (2001) · JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute · doi:10.1093/jnci/93.7.545 · Cited by 197
Sex steroid profiles of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) during early development and sexual differentiation
Feist, G. W., Schreck, C. B., Fitzpatrick, M. S., & Redding, J. M. (1990) · General and Comparative Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/0016-6480(90)90174-k · Cited by 189
Estrogen Receptor Expression in Developing Epididymis, Efferent Ductules, and Other Male Reproductive Organs*
Cooke, P. S., Young, P., Hess, R. A., & Cunha, G. R. (1991) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo-128-6-2874 · Cited by 186
Alternative (backdoor) androgen production and masculinization in the human fetus
O’Shaughnessy, P. J., Antignac, J. P., Le Bizec, B., Morvan, M.-L., Svechnikov, K., Söder, O., Savchuk, I., Monteiro, A., Soffientini, U., Johnston, Z. C., et al. (2019) · PLOS Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.3000002 · Cited by 177
DIABETIC SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION
Hakim, L. S., & Goldstein, I. (1996) · Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/s0889-8529(05)70329-7 · Cited by 168
Sequences homologous to ZFY, a candidate human sex-determining gene, are autosomal in marsupials
Sinclair, A. H., Foster, J. W., Spencer, J. A., Page, D. C., Palmer, M. S., Goodfellow, P. N., & Graves, J. A. M. (1988) · Nature · doi:10.1038/336780a0 · Cited by 170
Targeting the Androgen Signaling Axis in Prostate Cancer
Dai, C. S., Dehm, S. M., & Sharifi, N. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.23.00433 · Cited by 182
Sexual differences in the Japanese quail: Behavior, morphology, and intracellular metabolism of testosterone
Balthazart, J., Schumacher, M., & Ottinger, M. A. (1983) · General and Comparative Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/0016-6480(83)90072-2 · Cited by 167
High Fetal Estrogen Concentrations: Correlation with Increased Adult Sexual Activity and Decreased Aggression in Male Mice
Saal, F. S. V., Grant, W. M., McMullen, C. W., & Laves, K. S. (1983) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.6857252 · Cited by 169
Testosterone causes both prosocial and antisocial status-enhancing behaviors in human males
Dreher, J., Dunne, S., Pazderska, A., Frodl, T., Nolan, J. J., & O’Doherty, J. P. (2016) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1608085113 · Cited by 165
Embryonic temperature determines adult sexuality in a reptile
Gutzke, W. H. N., & Crews, D. P. (1988) · Nature · doi:10.1038/332832a0 · Cited by 164
Estrogen Receptors, Estradiol, and Diethylstilbestrol in Early Development: The Mouse as a Model for the Study of Estrogen Receptors and Estrogen Sensitivity in Embryonic Development of Male and Female Reproductive Tracts*
Greco, T. L., DUELLO, T. M., & Gorski, J. (1993) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/edrv-14-1-59 · Cited by 158
Dominance Rank, Secondary Sex Ratio, and Reproduction of Offspring in Polygynous Primates
Meikle, D. B., Tilford, B. L., & Vessey, S. H. (1984) · The American Naturalist · doi:10.1086/284262 · Cited by 156
Hemispheric Asymmetries in the Behavioral and Hormonal Effects of Sexually Differentiating Mammalian Brain
Nordeen, E. J., & Yahr, P. (1982) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.7123240 · Cited by 156
Corporate culture and ESG performance: Empirical evidence from China
Bai, F., Shang, M., & Huang, Y. (2024) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2024.140732 · Cited by 144
Development of the human prostate
Cunha, G. R., Vezina, C. M., Isaacson, D. S., Ricke, W. A., Timms, B. G., Cao, M., Franco, O. E., & Baskin, L. S. (2018) · Differentiation · doi:10.1016/j.diff.2018.08.005 · Cited by 156
Hormonal control of sex and color change in the stoplight parrotfish, Sparisoma viride
Cardwell, J. R., & Liley, N. R. (1991) · General and Comparative Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/0016-6480(91)90120-u · Cited by 141
The syndrome of 17,20 lyase deficiency
Miller, W. L. (2012) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2011-2161 · Cited by 143
Development and maturation of the male reproductive system
Marty, M. S., Chapin, R. E., Parks, L. G., & Thorsrud, B. A. (2003) · Birth Defects Research Part B Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology · doi:10.1002/bdrb.10015 · Cited by 142
cDNA Cloning of a Novel Androgen Receptor Subtype
Ikeuchi, T., Todo, T., Kobayashi, T., & Nagahama, Y. (1999) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.274.36.25205 · Cited by 136
The effects of testosterone and its metabolites on sexual behavior and morphology in male and female Japanese quail
Schumacher, M., & Balthazart, J. (1983) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/0031-9384(83)90135-x · Cited by 132
Homosexuality as a Consequence of Epigenetically Canalized Sexual Development
Rice, W. R., Friberg, U., & Gavrilets, S. (2012) · The Quarterly Review of Biology · doi:10.1086/668167 · Cited by 134
Quantitating Genetic and Nongenetic Factors Influencing Androgen Production and Clearance Rates in Men*
Meikle, A. W., Stringham, J. D., Bishop, D. T., & West, D. W. (1988) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-67-1-104 · Cited by 125
External genitalia abnormalities in male rats exposed in utero to finasteride, a 5α‐reductase inhibitor
Clark, R. L., Antonello, J. M., Grossman, S. J., Wise, L. D., Anderson, C. A., Bagdon, W., Prahalada, S. R., MacDonald, J. S., & Robertson, R. T. (1990) · Teratology · doi:10.1002/tera.1420420111 · Cited by 123
Androgen induction of steroid 5 alpha-reductase may be mediated via insulin-like growth factor-I
Horton, R., Pasupuleti, V., & ANTONIPILLAI, I. (1993) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo.133.2.8344190 · Cited by 121
Sexual dimorphism in primate neonatal body mass
Smith, R. J., & Leigh, S. R. (1998) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1006/jhev.1997.0190 · Cited by 119
Development of the human penis and clitoris
Baskin, L. S., Shen, J., Sinclair, A. W., Cao, M., Liu, X., Liu, G., Isaacson, D. S., Overland, M. R., Li, Y., & Cunha, G. R. (2018) · Differentiation · doi:10.1016/j.diff.2018.08.001 · Cited by 122
Immunodetection of Estrogen Receptors in Fetal and Neonatal Female Mouse Reproductive Tracts*
Greco, T. L., Furlow, J. D., DUELLO, T. M., & Gorski, J. (1991) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo-129-3-1326 · Cited by 116
Quantitating genetic and nongenetic factors that determine plasma sex steroid variation in normal male twins
Meikle, A. W., Bishop, D. T., Stringham, J. D., & West, D. W. (1986) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/0026-0495(86)90020-x · Cited by 115
Sex differences in innate and adaptive immunity impact fetal, placental, and maternal health
Baines, K. J., & West, R. C. (2023) · Biology of Reproduction · doi:10.1093/biolre/ioad072 · Cited by 118
Sex Differences in Social Behavior
Pasterski, V., Golombok, S., & Hines, M. (2010) · The Wiley‐Blackwell Handbook of Childhood Social Development · doi:10.1002/9781444390933.ch15 · Cited by 107
Androgen regulation of muscle fiber type in the sexually dimorphic larynx of Xenopus laevis
Sassoon, D. A., Gray, G. E., & Kelley, D. (1987) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.07-10-03198.1987 · Cited by 106
Androgen Receptor and Mechanism of Androgen Action
Jänne, O. A., Palvimo, J. J., Kallio, P. J., & Mehto, M. (1993) · Annals of Medicine · doi:10.3109/07853899309147863 · Cited by 105
Experimental manipulation of sexual differentiation in wallaby pouch young treated with exogenous steroids
Shaw, G., Renfree, M. B., Short, R. V., & W.-S., O. (1988) · Development · doi:10.1242/dev.104.4.689 · Cited by 106
The Masculinization Programming Window
Welsh, M., Suzuki, H., & Yamada, G. (2014) · Endocrine development · doi:10.1159/000363609 · Cited by 105
Germ cell development in the postnatal testis: the key to prevent malignancy in cryptorchidism?
Hutson, J. M., Li, R., Southwell, B. R., Petersen, B. L., Thorup, J. M., & Cortes, D. (2013) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2012.00176 · Cited by 102
Estrogen regulates development of the somatic cell phenotype in the eutherian ovary
Britt, K. L., Kerr, J. B., O’Donnell, L., Jones, M. E. E., Drummond, A. E., Davis, S. R., Simpson, E. R., & Findlay, J. K. (2002) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.01-0992com · Cited by 100
Menopause prediction and potential implications
Daan, N. M. P., & Fauser, B. C. J. M. (2015) · Maturitas · doi:10.1016/j.maturitas.2015.07.019 · Cited by 99
Androgen Receptor Expression in the Testes and Epididymides of Prenatal and Postnatal Sprague-Dawley Rats
Li, Y., & Sar, M. (1998) · Endocrine · doi:10.1385/endo:9:3:253 · Cited by 98
Male pseudohermaphroditism due to 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase deficiency: Studies on the natural history of the defect and effect of androgens on gender role
Rösler, A., & Kohn, G. (1983) · Journal of Steroid Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/0022-4731(83)90233-9 · Cited by 98
Aromatase inhibitor induces complete sex change in the protogynous honeycomb grouper (Epinephelus merra)
Bhandari, R. K., Higa, M., Nakamura, S., & Nakamura, M. (2004) · Molecular Reproduction and Development · doi:10.1002/mrd.20027 · Cited by 94
Developmental pattern and regulation by androgens of androgen receptor expression in the urogenital tract of the rat
Bentvelsen, F. M., Brinkmann, A. O., van der Schoot, P., LINDEN, J. E. T. M. V. D., van der Kwast, T., Boersma, W. J. A., Schröder, F. H., & Nijman, J. M. (1995) · Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/0303-7207(95)03593-v · Cited by 92
Expression of mRNA for epidermal growth factor, transforming growth factor-alpha and their receptor in human prostate tissue and cell lines
Ching, K. Z., Ramsey, E. W., Pettigrew, N. M., Dcunha, R., Jason, M. B., & Dodd, J. G. (1993) · Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry · doi:10.1007/bf00925693 · Cited by 91
Dermatoglyphic asymmetry and testosterone levels in normal males
Jamison, C. S., Meier, R. J., & Campbell, B. (1993) · American Journal of Physical Anthropology · doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330900205 · Cited by 92
Pathophysiology of erectile dysfunction
Carrier, S., Brock, G. B., Kour, N. W., & Lue, T. F. (1993) · Urology · doi:10.1016/0090-4295(93)90391-m · Cited by 88
Androgens and masculinization of genitalia in the spotted hyaena ( Crocuta crocuta ). 2. Effects of prenatal anti-androgens
Drea, C. M., Weldele, M. L., Forger, N. G., Coscia, E. M., Frank, L. G., Licht, P., & Glickman, S. E. (1998) · Reproduction · doi:10.1530/jrf.0.1130117 · Cited by 89
Essential Roles of Androgen Signaling in Wolffian Duct Stabilization and Epididymal Cell Differentiation
Murashima, A., Miyagawa, S., Ogino, Y., Nishida‐Fukuda, H., Araki, K., Μatsumoto, T., Kaneko, T., Yoshinaga, K., Yamamura, K., Kurita, T., et al. (2011) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2010-1121 · Cited by 86
Neuroeffectors for vocalization in Xenopus laevis: Hormonal regulation of sexual dimorphism
Kelley, D. B. (1986) · Journal of Neurobiology · doi:10.1002/neu.480170307 · Cited by 85
Endocrine, Paracrine and Autocrine Regulation of Testicular Steroidogenesis
Huhtaniemi, I., & Toppari, J. (1995) · Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology · doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-0952-7_3 · Cited by 82
Digit ratio (2D:4D) and rowing ergometer performance in males and females
Longman, D. P., Stock, J. T., & Wells, J. C. K. (2011) · American Journal of Physical Anthropology · doi:10.1002/ajpa.21407 · Cited by 82
Mechanisms of Gonadal Differentiation
Haseltine, F. P., & Ohno, S. (1981) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.7010601 · Cited by 81
The endocrinology of transsexualism: A review and commentary
Gooren, L. J. (1990) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/0306-4530(90)90041-7 · Cited by 78
Reproductive tract biology: Of mice and men
Cunha, G. R., Sinclair, A. W., Ricke, W. A., Robboy, S. J., Cao, M., & Baskin, L. S. (2019) · Differentiation · doi:10.1016/j.diff.2019.07.004 · Cited by 76
Roles of Androgen Receptor in Male and Female Reproduction: Lessons From Global and Cell‐Specific Androgen Receptor Knockout (ARKO) Mice
Zhou, X. (2010) · Journal of Andrology · doi:10.2164/jandrol.109.009266 · Cited by 76
Mammalian sexual differentiation: lessons from the spotted hyena
Glickman, S. E., Cunha, G. R., Drea, C. M., Conley, A. J., & Place, N. J. (2006) · Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.tem.2006.09.005 · Cited by 75
Life in the XY corral
Fausto‐Sterling, A. (1989) · Women s Studies International Forum · doi:10.1016/s0277-5395(89)80009-3 · Cited by 73
The periodic table model of the gender transpositions: Part I. A theory based on masculinization and defeminization of the brain
Pillard, R. C., & Weinrich, J. D. (1987) · The Journal of Sex Research · doi:10.1080/00224498709551384 · Cited by 72
Developmental Expression and Regulation of Aromatase– and 5α‐Reductase Type 1 mRNA in the Male and Female Mouse Hypothalamus
Karolczak‐Bayatti, M., Küppers, E., & Beyer, C. (1998) · Journal of Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2826.1998.00200.x · Cited by 72
Reproductive toxicity and toxicokinetics of lindane in the male offspring of rats exposed during lactation
Dalsenter, P. R., Faqi, A. S., Webb, J., Hj, M., & Chahoud, I. (1997) · Human & Experimental Toxicology · doi:10.1177/096032719701600303 · Cited by 73
Ontogeny of 5 alpha-reductase (type 1) messenger ribonucleic acid expression in rat brain: early presence in germinal zones
Lauber, M., & LICHTENSTEIGER, W. (1996) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo.137.7.8770891 · Cited by 72
Androgen-induced myogenesis and chondrogenesis in the larynx of Xenopus laevis
Sassoon, D. A., Segil, N., & Kelley, D. B. (1986) · Developmental Biology · doi:10.1016/0012-1606(86)90115-6 · Cited by 72
The Critical Time Window for Androgen-Dependent Development of the Wolffian Duct in the Rat
Welsh, M., Saunders, P. T. K., & Sharpe, R. M. (2007) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2007-0028 · Cited by 70
PERSISTENCE OF MÜLLERIAN DUCTS IN MALE PSEUDOHERMAPHRODITISM, AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO CRYPTORCHIDISM
Josso, N., Nihoul‐Feketé, C., Cachin, O., Nézelof, C., & Rappaport, R. (1983) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1983.tb02987.x · Cited by 71
Of marsupials and men: “Backdoor” dihydrotestosterone synthesis in male sexual differentiation
Biason-Lauber, A., Miller, W. L., Pandey, A. V., & Flück, C. E. (2013) · Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.mce.2013.01.017 · Cited by 69
Androgen Imprinting of the Brain in Animal Models and Humans With Intersex Disorders: Review and Recommendations
Hrabovszky, Z., & Hutson, J. M. (2002) · The Journal of Urology · doi:10.1016/s0022-5347(05)64338-8 · Cited by 68
Marsupial genetics and genomics.
Graves, J. M., & Westerman, M. (2002) · Trends in Genetics · doi:10.1016/s0168-9525(02)02772-5 · Cited by 80
Androgens Delay Human Fetal Lung Maturationin Vitro*
Torday, J. S. (1990) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo-126-6-3240 · Cited by 66
Parasites and the ontogeny of sexual size dimorphism in a passerine bird
Potti, J., & Merino, S. (1996) · Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.1996.0002 · Cited by 66
Steroid Hormone Content of the Gonads of the Tammar Wallaby during Sexual Differentiation1
Renfree, M. B., Wilson, J. D., Short, R. V., Shaw, G., & George, F. W. (1992) · Biology of Reproduction · doi:10.1095/biolreprod47.4.644 · Cited by 66
Self-citation
Sex Differences Are Here to Stay: Relevance to Prenatal Care
Inkster, A. M., Fernández-Boyano, I., & Robinson, W. P. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm10133000 · Cited by 67

Authors: Wilson, J. D., George, F. W., & Griffin, J. E.
Affiliations: The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (US)
ORCID: Griffin, James E.
Venue: Science
Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Published: 1981-03-20
Volume: 211
Issue: 4488
Pages: 1278-1284
ISSN: 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
1095-9203
DOI: 10.1126/science.7010602
OpenAlex: W2112600512
Cited by: 451
References: 167
Citations by year: 2026: 3 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 7
FWCI: 1.83
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Science (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Sexual Differentiation and Disorders
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic and Clinical Aspects of Sex Determination and Chromosomal Abnormalities
Health Sciences › Medicine › Urology › Urological Disorders and Treatments
Keywords: sexual development, gonadal differentiation, testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, sex determination, external genitalia development, masculinization, sex chromosome abnormalities, hormone receptors, embryonic development
MeSH terms: Animals, Estradiol, Female, Glycoproteins, Gonadotropins, Growth Inhibitors, Humans, Male, Morphogenesis, Mullerian Ducts, Ovary, Rabbits, Receptors, Androgen, Sex Differentiation, Testicular Hormones, Testis, Testosterone, Time Factors, Urogenital System, Wolffian Ducts, Anti-Mullerian Hormone

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

The hormonal-control of sexual development

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks