Grand challenges in the science of wind energy
Open accessAbstract
A multifaceted future for wind power: Modern wind turbines already represent a tightly optimized confluence of materials science and aerodynamic engineering. Veers et al. review the challenges and opportunities for further expanding this technology, with an emphasis on the need for interdisciplinary collaboration. They highlight the need to better understand atmospheric physics in the regions where taller turbines will operate as well as the materials constraints associated with the scale-up. The mutual interaction of turbine sites with one another and with the evolving features of the overall electricity grid will furthermore necessitate a systems approach to future development. Science , this issue p. eaau2027
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- Authors
- Veers, P., Dykes, K., Lantz, E., Barth, S., Bottasso, C. L., Carlson, O., Clifton, A., Green, J., Green, P., Holttinen, H., Laird, D., Lehtomäki, V., Lundquist, J. K., Manwell, J., Marquis, M., Meneveau, C., Moriarty, P., Munduate, X., Muskulus, M., Naughton, J., Pao, L., Paquette, J., Peinke, J., Robertson, A., Sanz Rodrigo, J., Sempreviva, A. M., Smith, J. C., Tuohy, A., & Wiser, R.
- Affiliations
- National Laboratory of the Rockies (US)
- Technical University of Denmark (DK)
- ForWind Zentrum für Windenergieforschung (DE)
- Technical University of Munich (DE)
- Chalmers University of Technology (SE)
- University of Stuttgart (DE)
- Recognis Oy, Espoo, Finland.
- Kjeller Vindteknikk Oy, Espoo, Finland.
- University of Massachusetts Amherst (US)
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (US)
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- National Renewable Energy Centre (ES)
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NO)
- University of Wyoming (US)
- University of Colorado Boulder (US)
- Sandia National Laboratories (US)
- Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg (DE)
- National Renewable Energy Center of Spain, Navarre, Spain.
- Energy Systems Integration Group, Reston, VA, USA.
- Electric Power Research Institute (US)
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (US)
- Corresponding author
- Veers, Paul
- Dykes, Katherine
- Lantz, Eric
- ORCID
- Veers, Paul
- Dykes, Katherine
- Lantz, Eric
- Barth, Stephan
- Bottasso, Carlo L.
- Carlson, Ola
- Clifton, Andrew
- Green, Johney
- Green, Peter
- Holttinen, Hannele
- Lundquist, Julie K.
- Manwell, James
- Marquis, Melinda
- Meneveau, Charles
- Moriarty, Patrick
- Munduate, Xabier
- Muskulus, Michael
- Naughton, Jonathan
- Pao, Lucy
- Peinke, Joachim
- Robertson, Amy
- Sanz Rodrigo, Javier
- Sempreviva, Anna Maria
- Smith, J. Charles
- Tuohy, Aidan
- Wiser, Ryan
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2019-10-25
- Volume
- 366
- Issue
- 6464
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W2979841977
- Cited by
- 1,242
- References
- 93
- Citations by year
- 2026: 196 · 2025: 183 · 2024: 220 · 2023: 218 · 2022: 225 · 2021: 142 · 2020: 58
- FWCI
- 11.53
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- escholarship.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc-nd
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information) (submittedVersion)
- CU Scholar (University of Colorado Boulder) (submittedVersion)
- Publikationsdatenbank der Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft) (submittedVersion)
- NOAA Institutional Repository (submittedVersion)
- NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Fraunhofer-Publica (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft) (submittedVersion)
- Technical University of Denmark, DTU Orbit (Technical University of Denmark, DTU) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Chalmers Research (Chalmers University of Technology) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Energy (DE -AC36-08GO28308, 08GO28308, Contract No. DE-AC36-08GO28308, AC36‐08GO28308)
- U.S. Department of Commerce
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
- Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (DE-AC36-08-GO28308., AC36-08-GO28308)
- Office of Energy Efficiency
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory (DE-AC36-08-GO28308, AC36-08GO28308)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Aerospace Engineering › Wind Energy Research and Development
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Wind Turbine Control Systems
- Physical Sciences › Energy › Energy Engineering and Power Technology › Power Systems and Renewable Energy
- Keywords
- wind energy, societal challenges, atmospheric boundary layer, wind turbine wakes, rotating machinery, wind turbine design, wind farm control, grid integration of wind power
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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