Cited by 304Inflammasome and immune disordersinterferon and immune responsesImmune Response and Inflammation

Human NLRP1 is a sensor for double-stranded RNA

Bauernfried, Stefan, Scherr, Matthias J., Pichlmair, Andreas, Duderstadt, Karl E., Hornung, Veit·2021·Science

Abstract

A dsRNA detector in the immune toolkit: Nod-like receptor (NLR) proteins recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns within cells, which triggers the formation of signaling complexes called inflammasomes. These complexes then initiate pyroptosis, a highly inflammatory form of cell death. Recent work has shown that a rhinovirus protease can activate the human NLRP1 inflammasome, but it was unclear whether this is the only pathogen-derived trigger for NLRP1. Bauernfried et al. report that long, double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) generated in the course of Semliki Forest virus infection binds and activates NLRP1 in epithelial cells. dsRNA binding triggered NLRP1 to acquire adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity, a common feature of activated NLR proteins. Thus, in addition to its ability to recognize viral protease activity, human NLRP1 can act as a genuine sensor of virus-associated nucleic acids. Science , this issue p. eabd0811

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  • Through recognition of TLR3 in endosomes or retinoic acid-inducible gene I, melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5, and inflammasomes in the cytoplasm, depending on the amount, dsRNAs might overactivate innate immunity and lead to adverse events.

    “Through recognition of TLR3 in endosomes or retinoic acid-inducible gene I, melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5, and inflammasomes in the cytoplasm,96, 97, 98, 99 depending on the amount, dsRNAs might overactivate innate immunity and lead to adverse events.”

    From COVID-19 mRNA vaccines: Platforms and current developments (2022) · cites this paper as [99]

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Authors
Bauernfried, S., Scherr, M. J., Pichlmair, A., Duderstadt, K. E., & Hornung, V.
Affiliations
  • Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (DE)
  • Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry (DE)
  • German Center for Infection Research (DE)
Corresponding author
Hornung, Veit
Venue
Science
Published
2021-01-29
Volume
371
Issue
6528
ISSN
  • 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
  • 1095-9203
OpenAlex
W3109641046
Cited by
304
References
39
Citations by year
2026: 32 · 2025: 36 · 2024: 57 · 2023: 62 · 2022: 76 · 2021: 41
FWCI
14.53
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Science (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • mediaTUM – the media and publications repository of the Technical University Munich (Technical University Munich) (submittedVersion)
  • MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • European Research Council (ERC-2014-CoG – 647858 GENESIS, ERC-2018-CoG – 817798 ProDAP, ERC-2018-StG – 804098 REPLISOMEBYPASS)
  • Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (TRR 237/A09 (Project-ID 369799452), CRC 1335/P015 (Project-ID 360372040), SPP 1923 (Project-ID 273898015), TRR 179/TP11 (Project-ID 272983813), TRR 237/A07 (Project-ID 369799452))
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Inflammasome and immune disorders
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › interferon and immune responses
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune Response and Inflammation
Keywords
NLRP1, inflammasome, double-stranded RNA, Semliki Forest virus, positive-strand RNA viruses, keratinocytes, leucine-rich repeat domain, NACHT domain, ATPase activity, epithelial barrier function, innate immunity
MeSH terms
NLR Proteins, Protein Domains, Adenosine Triphosphatases, Adenosine Triphosphate, Animals, Humans, Hydrolysis, Immunity, Innate, Mice, Transgenic, RNA, Double-Stranded, RNA, Viral, Semliki forest virus, Virus Replication, Keratinocytes, Alphavirus Infections, Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing, Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins, Mice, Host-Pathogen Interactions, HEK293 Cells, Inflammasomes

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