Cited by 304Inflammasome and immune disordersinterferon and immune responsesImmune Response and Inflammation

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Human NLRP1 is a sensor for double-stranded RNA

Bauernfried, Stefan, Scherr, Matthias J., Pichlmair, Andreas, Duderstadt, Karl E., Hornung, Veit·2021·Science

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Abstract

A dsRNA detector in the immune toolkit: Nod-like receptor (NLR) proteins recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns within cells, which triggers the formation of signaling complexes called inflammasomes. These complexes then initiate pyroptosis, a highly inflammatory form of cell death. Recent work has shown that a rhinovirus protease can activate the human NLRP1 inflammasome, but it was unclear whether this is the only pathogen-derived trigger for NLRP1. Bauernfried et al. report that long, double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) generated in the course of Semliki Forest virus infection binds and activates NLRP1 in epithelial cells. dsRNA binding triggered NLRP1 to acquire adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity, a common feature of activated NLR proteins. Thus, in addition to its ability to recognize viral protease activity, human NLRP1 can act as a genuine sensor of virus-associated nucleic acids. Science , this issue p. eabd0811

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Authors: Bauernfried, S., Scherr, M. J., Pichlmair, A., Duderstadt, K. E., & Hornung, V.
Affiliations: Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (DE)
Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry (DE)
German Center for Infection Research (DE)
Corresponding author: Hornung, Veit
ORCID: Bauernfried, Stefan
Scherr, Matthias J.
Pichlmair, Andreas
Duderstadt, Karl E.
Hornung, Veit
Venue: Science
Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Published: 2021-01-29
Volume: 371
Issue: 6528
ISSN: 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
1095-9203
DOI: 10.1126/science.abd0811
OpenAlex: W3109641046
Cited by: 304
References: 39
Citations by year: 2026: 32 · 2025: 36 · 2024: 57 · 2023: 62 · 2022: 76 · 2021: 41
FWCI: 14.53
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Science (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
mediaTUM – the media and publications repository of the Technical University Munich (Technical University Munich) (submittedVersion)
MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) (submittedVersion)
Funders: European Research Council (ERC-2014-CoG – 647858 GENESIS, ERC-2018-CoG – 817798 ProDAP, ERC-2018-StG – 804098 REPLISOMEBYPASS)
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (TRR 237/A09 (Project-ID 369799452), CRC 1335/P015 (Project-ID 360372040), SPP 1923 (Project-ID 273898015), TRR 179/TP11 (Project-ID 272983813), TRR 237/A07 (Project-ID 369799452))
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Inflammasome and immune disorders
Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › interferon and immune responses
Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune Response and Inflammation
Keywords: NLRP1, inflammasome, double-stranded RNA, Semliki Forest virus, positive-strand RNA viruses, keratinocytes, leucine-rich repeat domain, NACHT domain, ATPase activity, epithelial barrier function, innate immunity
MeSH terms: NLR Proteins, Protein Domains, Adenosine Triphosphatases, Adenosine Triphosphate, Animals, Humans, Hydrolysis, Immunity, Innate, Mice, Transgenic, RNA, Double-Stranded, RNA, Viral, Semliki forest virus, Virus Replication, Keratinocytes, Alphavirus Infections, Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing, Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins, Mice, Host-Pathogen Interactions, HEK293 Cells, Inflammasomes

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