Structure of human PINK1 at a mitochondrial TOM-VDAC array
Abstract
Mutations in the ubiquitin kinase PINK1 cause early-onset Parkinson’s disease, but how PINK1 is stabilized at depolarized mitochondrial translocase complexes has remained poorly understood. We determined a 3.1-angstrom resolution cryo–electron microscopy structure of dimeric human PINK1 stabilized at an endogenous array of mitochondrial translocase of the outer membrane (TOM) and voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) complexes. Symmetric arrangement of two TOM core complexes around a central VDAC2 dimer is facilitated by TOM5 and TOM20, both of which also bind PINK1 kinase C-lobes. PINK1 enters mitochondria through the proximal TOM40 barrel of the TOM core complex, guided by TOM7 and TOM22. Our structure explains how human PINK1 is stabilized at the TOM complex and regulated by oxidation, uncovers a previously unknown TOM-VDAC assembly, and reveals how a physiological substrate traverses TOM40 during translocation.
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Mitochondrial depolarization stabilizes PINK1 by arresting its import at the TOM complex, preventing turnover and allowing accumulation of full-length, dimerized PINK1 on the outer mitochondrial membrane.
“Current models suggest that mitochondrial depolarization stabilizes PINK1 by arresting its import at the TOM complex, thereby preventing turnover and allowing accumulation of full-length, dimerized PINK1 on the outer mitochondrial membrane [59–62].”
From miRNA family miR-29 inhibits PINK1-PRKN signaling via ATG9A (2026) · cites this paper as [62]
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- Authors
- Callegari, S., Kirk, N. S., Gan, Z. Y., Dite, T., Cobbold, S. A., Leis, A., Dagley, L. F., Glukhova, A., & Komander, D.
- Affiliations
- The University of Melbourne (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Callegari, Sylvie
- Glukhova, Alisa
- Komander, David
- ORCID
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2025-04-18
- Volume
- 388
- Issue
- 6744
- Pages
- 303-310
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W4408388895
- Cited by
- 75
- References
- 84
- Citations by year
- 2026: 44 · 2025: 31
- FWCI
- 22.42
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Structural Biology › Advanced Electron Microscopy Techniques and Applications
- Keywords
- PINK1, Parkinson's disease, VDAC2, Tom40, Tom20, Tom22, protein translocation, mitochondrial depolarization, protein dimerization, mitochondrial membrane
- MeSH terms
- Mitochondrial Precursor Protein Import Complex Proteins, PTEN-Induced Putative Kinase, Carrier Proteins, Humans, Mitochondria, Protein Kinases, Receptors, Cell Surface, Cryoelectron Microscopy, Mitochondrial Proteins, Membrane Transport Proteins, Mitochondrial Membrane Transport Proteins, Voltage-Dependent Anion Channel 2, Protein Multimerization
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