Loss of Heterozygosity at an Unlinked Genomic Locus Is Responsible for the Phenotype of a Candida albicans sap4 Δ sap5 Δ sap6 Δ Mutant

Dunkel, Nico; Morschhäuser, Joachim

doi:10.1128/ec.00281-10

Cited by 20Fungal and yeast genetics researchAntifungal resistance and susceptibilityYeasts and Rust Fungi Studies

Loss of Heterozygosity at an Unlinked Genomic Locus Is Responsible for the Phenotype of a Candida albicans sap4 Δ sap5 Δ sap6 Δ Mutant

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Dunkel, Nico, Morschhäuser, Joachim·2011·Eukaryotic Cell

DOI 10.1128/ec.00281-10PMC PMC3019794

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Abstract

The diploid genome of the pathogenic yeast Candida albicans exhibits a high degree of heterozygosity. Genomic alterations that result in a loss of heterozygosity at specific loci may affect phenotypes and confer a selective advantage under certain conditions. Such genomic rearrangements can also occur during the construction of C. albicans mutants and remain undetected. The SAP2 gene on chromosome R encodes a secreted aspartic protease that is induced and required for growth of C. albicans when proteins are the only available nitrogen source. In strain SC5314, the two SAP2 alleles are functionally divergent because of differences in their regulation. Basal expression of the SAP2-2 allele, but not the SAP2-1 allele, provides the proteolytic degradation products that serve as inducers for full SAP2 induction. A triple mutant lacking the SAP4, SAP5, and SAP6 genes, which are located on chromosome 6, has previously been reported to have a growth defect on proteins, suggesting that one of the encoded proteases is required for SAP2 expression. Here we show that this sap4Δ sap5Δ sap6Δ mutant has become homozygous for chromosome R and lost the SAP2-2 allele. Replacement of one of the SAP2-1 copies in this strain by SAP2-2 and its regulatory region restored the ability of the sap4Δ sap5Δ sap6Δ mutant to utilize proteins as the sole nitrogen source. This is an illustrative example of how loss of heterozygosity at a different genomic locus can cause the mutant phenotype attributed to targeted deletion of a specific gene in C. albicans.

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Alternative genomic changes involving copy-number variation (CNV), including short segmental CNV and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in heterozygous species such as C. albicans, are proposed to drive fast adaptation.
“On the other hand, alternative genomic changes involving copy-number variation (CNV), including short segmental CNV [64] and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) (in heterozygous species such as C. albicans), are also proposed to drive fast adaptation [81,132].”
From Evolutionary Emergence of Drug Resistance in Candida Opportunistic Pathogens (2018) · cites this paper as [132]

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Welche Funktionen haben sechs verschiedene Gene für sekretorische Proteinasen von Candida albicans?
Hube, B., Sanglard, D., Schaller, M., Ibrahim, A. S., Odds, F. C., & Gow, N. A. R. (1998) · Mycoses · doi:10.1111/j.1439-0507.1998.tb00583.x · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Disruption of each of the secreted aspartyl proteinase genes SAP1, SAP2, and SAP3 of Candida albicans attenuates virulence
Hube, B., Sanglard, D., Odds, F. C., Hess, D., Monod, M., Schäfer, W., Brown, A. J. P., & Gow, N. A. R. (1997) · Infection and Immunity · doi:10.1128/iai.65.9.3529-3538.1997 · Cited by 311 · see citing works
Host versus in vitro signals and intrastrain allelic differences in the expression of a Candida albicans virulence gene
Staib, P., Kretschmar, M., Nichterlein, T., Hof, H., & Morschhäuser, J. (2002) · Molecular Microbiology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2002.02967.x · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Self-citation

Authors: Dunkel, N., & Morschhäuser, J.
Affiliations: University of Würzburg (DE)
Corresponding author: Morschhäuser, Joachim
ORCID: Morschhäuser, Joachim
Venue: Eukaryotic Cell
Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
Published: 2011-01
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Pages: 54-62
ISSN: 1535-9778 (ISSN-L)
1535-9786
DOI: 10.1128/ec.00281-10
PMC: PMC3019794
OpenAlex: W2141878969
Cited by: 20
References: 53
Citations by year: 2024: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 1 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 2
FWCI: 0.65
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: diamond
doi.org
Licence: journals.asm.org/non-commercial-tdm-license (tdm)
Locations: Eukaryotic Cell (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB 630)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Fungal and yeast genetics research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Yeasts and Rust Fungi Studies
Keywords: Candida albicans, loss of heterozygosity, secreted aspartic proteases, SAP2, SAP5, SAP6, genome rearrangement, gene replacement, protease induction, SC5314
MeSH terms: Candida albicans, Genes, Fungal, Nitrogen, Phenotype, Chromosomes, Fungal, Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases, Gene Deletion, Loss of Heterozygosity, Genetic Loci

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Loss of Heterozygosity at an Unlinked Genomic Locus Is Responsible for the Phenotype of a Candida albicans sap4 Δ sap5 Δ sap6 Δ Mutant

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