Meddling with metal sensors: Fur-Family proteins as signaling hubs
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The ferric uptake regulator (Fur) protein is the founding member of the FUR superfamily of metalloregulatory proteins that control metal homeostasis in bacteria. FUR proteins regulate metal homeostasis in response to the binding of iron (Fur), zinc (Zur), manganese (Mur), or nickel (Nur).
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Fur is a well-established Fe-dependent regulator of gene expression that was first identified in E. coli and is conserved in many bacteria, including S. aureus.
“The Fur protein is a well-established Fe-dependent regulator of gene expression that was first identified in E. coli and is conserved in many bacteria, including S. aureus (47, 48).”
From The oxidative stress regulator, PerR, is required for staphyloferrin B-mediated iron acquisition in <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (2026) · cites this paper as [48]
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(2021) · doi:10.1021/acs
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“Since the discovery of Fur in 1980s (4), it had been assumed that Fur binds a corepressor Fe(II) to regulate intracellular Fe homeostasis (5–7), because purified Fur can bind various divalent cations, including Fe(II), zinc (Zn(II)), cobalt (Co(II)), and manganese (Mn(II)) with dissociation…”
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- Authors
- Steingard, C. H., & Helmann, J. D.
- Affiliations
- Cornell University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Helmann, John D.
- Venue
- Journal of Bacteriology
- Publisher
- American Society for Microbiology
- Published
- 2023-04-25
- Volume
- 205
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- e0002223-e0002223
- ISSN
- 0021-9193 (ISSN-L)
- 1098-5530
- PMC
- PMC10127796
- OpenAlex
- W4362505853
- Cited by
- 59
- References
- 129
- Citations by year
- 2026: 22 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 6
- FWCI
- 2.27
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Bacteriology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- HHS | National Institutes of Health (R35GM122461)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Iron Metabolism and Disorders
- Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › Metalloenzymes and iron-sulfur proteins
- Keywords
- Fur protein, metalloregulatory proteins, metal homeostasis, iron regulation, zinc regulation, bacterial signaling, Zur, Mur, nur
- MeSH terms
- Bacterial Proteins, Carrier Proteins, DNA, Escherichia coli, Iron, Metals, Repressor Proteins, Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial, Peptidylprolyl Isomerase, Escherichia coli Proteins
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