Possible early foraminiferans in post-Sturtian (716−635 Ma) cap carbonates

Bosak, Tanja; Lahr, Daniel J.G.; Pruss, Sara B.; Macdonald, Francis A.; Gooday, Andrew J.; Dalton, Lilly; Matys, Emily D.

doi:10.1130/g32535.1

Cited by 82Paleontology and Stratigraphy of FossilsProtist diversity and phylogenyPaleontology and Evolutionary Biology

Possible early foraminiferans in post-Sturtian (716−635 Ma) cap carbonates

Open access

Bosak, Tanja, Lahr, Daniel J.G., Pruss, Sara B., Macdonald, Francis A., Gooday, Andrew J., Dalton, Lilly, Matys, Emily D.·2012·Geology

DOI 10.1130/g32535.1

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Foraminifera are an ecologically important group of modern heterotrophic amoeboid eukaryotes whose naked and testate ancestors are thought to have evolved ?1 Ga ago. However, the single-chambered agglutinated tests of these protists appear in the fossil record only after ca. 580 Ma, coinciding with the appearance of macroscopic and mineralized animals. Here we report the discovery of small, slender tubular microfossils in the Sturtian (ca. 716–635 Ma) cap carbonate of the Rasthof Formation in Namibia. The tubes are 200–1300 ?m long and 20–70 ?m wide, and preserve apertures and variably wide lumens, folds, constrictions, and ridges. Their sometimes flexible walls are composed of carbonaceous material and detrital minerals. This combination of morphologic and compositional characters is also present in some species of modern single-chambered agglutinated tubular foraminiferans, and is not found in other agglutinated eukaryotes. The preservation of possible early Foraminifera in the carbonate rocks deposited in the immediate aftermath of Sturtian low-latitude glaciation indicates that various morphologically modern protists thrived in microbially dominated ecosystems, and contributed to the cycling of carbon in Neoproterozoic oceans much before the rise of complex animals.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1130/g32535.1

Cites

29 of 29 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

We couldn’t retrieve this paper’s full text, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

The geological record of multicellularity in the form of sponge biomarkers extends as far back as the Marinoan glaciation around 635 million years ago, with records of small tubular microfossils extending back to 716 Ma and controversial reports extending as far back as 1.8 Ga.
“Regardless of how multicellularity arose, the geological record of multicellularity (in the form of sponge biomarkers) extends as far back as the Marinoan glaciation around 635 million years ago (Ma) (Love et al., 2009), with records of small tubular microfossils extending back to 716 Ma (Bosak et al., 2012) and controversial reports extending as far back as 1.8 Ga (Nichols and Wörheide, 2005).”
From The Astrobiology Primer v2.0 (2016) · cites this paper as Bosak et al., 2012

Eukaryotic organisms in Proterozoic oceans
Knoll, A. H., Javaux, E. J., Hewitt, D., & Cohen, P. (2006) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2006.1843 · Cited by 701 · see citing works
A Stratified Redox Model for the Ediacaran Ocean
Li, C., Love, G. D., Lyons, T. W., Fike, D. A., Sessions, A. L., & Chu, X. (2010) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1182369 · Cited by 673 · cited 1× · see citing works
“…modern eukaryotes, the absence of distinguishing morphological characters, the lack of resistant organic vesicles or tests (Knoll et al., 2006; Lipps, 2006), and the presence of adverse environmental conditions that prevented modern eukaryotes from becoming widespread (Li et al., 2010).”
Background
The timing of eukaryotic evolution: Does a relaxed molecular clock reconcile proteins and fossils?
Douzery, E. J. P., Snell, E. A., Bapteste, E., Delsuc, F., & Philippe, H. (2004) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0403984101 · Cited by 638 · see citing works
Calibrating the Cryogenian
Macdonald, F. A., Schmitz, M. D., Crowley, J. L., Roots, C. F., Jones, D. S., Maloof, A. C., Strauss, J. V., Cohen, P. A., Johnston, D. T., & Schrag, D. P. (2010) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1183325 · Cited by 594 · see citing works
Self-citation
U-Pb zircon date from the Neoproterozoic Ghaub Formation, Namibia: Constraints on Marinoan glaciation
Hoffmann, K.-H., Condon, D. J., Bowring, S. A., & Crowley, J. L. (2004) · Geology · doi:10.1130/g20519.1 · Cited by 566 · see citing works
The Ediacaran emergence of bilaterians: congruence between the genetic and the geological fossil records
Peterson, K. J., Cotton, J. A., Gehling, J. G., & Pisani, D. (2008) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2007.2233 · Cited by 313 · cited 2× · see citing works
“DR4) often contain collapsible and variably large apertures, fl exible or more rigid tests with ridges, wrinkles, folds, transverse constrictions, rounded, globular ends, and a variably thick coating of clay or silt-sized mineral grains (Brady, 1884; Gooday et al., 2005; Pawlowski et al., 2008).”
Background
The evolution of early Foraminifera
Pawlowski, J. W., Holzmann, M., Berney, C., Fahrni, J. F., GOODAY, A. J., Cedhagen, T., Habura, A., & Bowser, S. S. (2003) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2035132100 · Cited by 281 · see citing works
Self-citation
VASE-SHAPED MICROFOSSILS FROM THE NEOPROTEROZOIC CHUAR GROUP, GRAND CANYON: A CLASSIFICATION GUIDED BY MODERN TESTATE AMOEBAE
Porter, S. M., Meisterfeld, R., & Knoll, A. H. (2003) · Journal of Paleontology · doi:10.1017/s0022336000044140 · Cited by 278 · see citing works
VASE-SHAPED MICROFOSSILS FROM THE NEOPROTEROZOIC CHUAR GROUP, GRAND CANYON: A CLASSIFICATION GUIDED BY MODERN TESTATE AMOEBAE
Porter, S. M., Meisterfeld, R., & Knoll, A. H. (2003) · Journal of Paleontology · doi:10.1666/0022-3360(2003)077 · Cited by 259 · see citing works
Possible animal-body fossils in pre-Marinoan limestones from South Australia
Maloof, A. C., Rose, C. V., Beach, R., Samuels, B. M., Calmet, C. C., Erwin, D. H., Poirier, G. R., Yao, N., & Simons, F. J. (2010) · Nature Geoscience · doi:10.1038/ngeo934 · Cited by 213 · see citing works
A molecular time-scale for eukaryote evolution recalibrated with the continuous microfossil record
Berney, C., & Pawlowski, J. (2006) · Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.2006.3537 · Cited by 212 · see citing works
Precise U-Pb zircon ages for early Damaran magmatism in the Summas Mountains and Welwitschia Inlier, northern Damara belt, Namibia
Hoffman, P. F., Hawkins, D. P., Isachsen, C. E., & Bowring, S. A. (1996) · Cited by 188 · see citing works
A Manual of Practical Laboratory and Field Techniques in Palaeobiology
Green, O. R. (2001) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-94-017-0581-3 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
Palaeobiology and evolution of the earliest agglutinated Foraminifera: <i>Platysolenites, Spirosolenites</i> and related forms
McIlroy, D., Green, O. R., & Brasier, M. D. (2001) · Lethaia · doi:10.1080/002411601300068170 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Early Cambrian Foraminifera from West Africa
Culver, S. J. (1991) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.254.5032.689 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Agglutinated tests in post-Sturtian cap carbonates of Namibia and Mongolia
Bosak, T., Lahr, D. J. G., Pruss, S. B., Macdonald, F. A., Dalton, L., & Matys, E. D. (2011) · Earth and Planetary Science Letters · doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2011.05.030 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Self-citation
An endobiont‐bearing allogromiid from the Santa Barbara Basin: Implications for the early diversification of foraminifera
Bernhard, J. M., Habura, A., & Bowser, S. S. (2006) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/2005jg000158 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Putative Cryogenian ciliates from Mongolia
Bosak, T., Macdonald, F. A., Lahr, D. J. G., & Matys, E. D. (2011) · Geology · doi:10.1130/g32384.1 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Self-citation
Monothalamous foraminiferans and gromiids (Protista) from western Svalbard: A preliminary surveyPublished in collaboration with the University of Bergen and the Institute of Marine Research, Norway, and the Marine Biological Laboratory, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
GOODAY, A. J., Bowser, S. S., Cedhagen, T., Cornelius, N., Hald, M., Korsun, S., & Pawlowski, J. W. (2005) · Marine Biology Research · doi:10.1080/17451000510019150 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Self-citation
Microbial facies in a Sturtian cap carbonate, the Rasthof Formation, Otavi Group, northern Namibia
Pruss, S. B., Bosak, T., Macdonald, F. A., McLane, M., & Hoffman, P. F. (2010) · Precambrian Research · doi:10.1016/j.precamres.2010.06.006 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Self-citation
Genetic differentiation between Arctic and Antarctic monothalamous foraminiferans
Pawlowski, J. W., Majewski, W., Longet, D., Guiard, J., Cedhagen, T., GOODAY, A. J., Korsun, S., Habura, A., & Bowser, S. S. (2008) · Polar Biology · doi:10.1007/s00300-008-0459-3 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Self-citation
Extracellular Matrix Augments Mechanical Properties of Pseudopodia in the Carnivorous Foraminiferan Astrammina rara: Role in Prey Capture
Bowser, S. S., Alexander, S. P. H., Stockton, W. L., & DeLaca, T. E. (1992) · The Journal of Protozoology · doi:10.1111/j.1550-7408.1992.tb04455.x · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Mineralogy of agglutinated benthic foraminifera; implications for paleo-environmental reconstructions
du Châtelet, E. A., Récourt, P., & Chopin, V. (2008) · Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France · doi:10.2113/gssgfbull.179.6.583 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Morphology, Biometry, Ecology and Biogeography of Five Species of Difflugia Leclerc, 1815 (Arcellinida: Difflugiidae), from Tiete River, Brazil
Lahr, D. J. G., & Lopes, S. G. B. C. (2006) · Acta Protozoologica · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Self-citation
The Late Precambrian-Cambrian Agglutinated Fossil Platysolenites
Rozanov, A. Y., & Lipps, J. H. (1996) · Paleontological Journal · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Precambrian Biota: Protistan Origin of Trace Fossils?
Pawlowski, J. W., & GOODAY, A. J. (2009) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2008.11.003 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Self-citation
DWARFISM IN A SABELLID POLYCHAETE, A STUDY OF AN INTERSTITIAL SPECIES
Berrill, N. J. (1977) · Biological Bulletin · doi:10.2307/1540695 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Major features of protistan evolution: controversies, problems and a few answers
Lipps, J. H. (2006) · Anuário do Instituto de Geociências · doi:10.11137/2006_1_55-80 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Evolution of protists
Lipps, J. H. (2006) · Anuário do Instituto de Geociências · doi:10.11137/2006_1_166-167 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Flagged first, then by citations

Sorted by citations

Snowball Earth climate dynamics and Cryogenian geology-geobiology
Hoffman, P. F., Abbot, D. S., Ashkenazy, Y., Benn, D. I., Brocks, J. J., COHEN, P. A., Cox, G. M., Creveling, J. R., Yannick Donnadieu, A., Erwin, D. H., et al. (2017) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.1600983 · Cited by 735 · see citing works
Self-citation
The Proterozoic Record of Eukaryotes
Cohen, P. A., & Macdonald, F. A. (2015) · Paleobiology · doi:10.1017/pab.2015.25 · Cited by 173 · see citing works
Self-citation
Remarkable insights into the paleoecology of the Avalonian Ediacaran macrobiota
Liu, A. G., Kenchington, C. G., & Mitchell, E. G. (2015) · Gondwana Research · doi:10.1016/j.gr.2014.11.002 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Sterol and genomic analyses validate the sponge biomarker hypothesis
Gold, D. A., Grabenstatter, J., de Mendoza, A., Riesgo, A., Ruiz-Trillo, I., & Summons, R. E. (2016) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1512614113 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Ediacaran distributions in space and time: testing assemblage concepts of earliest macroscopic body fossils
Boag, T. H., Darroch, S. A. F., & Laflamme, M. (2016) · Paleobiology · doi:10.1017/pab.2016.20 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
The Astrobiology Primer v2.0
Domagal-Goldman, S. D., Wright, K. E., Domagal-Goldman, S. D., Wright, K. E., Adamala, K., Arina de la Rubia, L., Bond, J., Dartnell, L. R., Goldman, A. D., Lynch, K., et al. (2016) · Astrobiology · doi:10.1089/ast.2015.1460 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
“…sponge biomarkers) extends as far back as the Marinoan glaciation around 635 million years ago (Ma) (Love et al., 2009), with records of small tubular microfossils extending back to 716 Ma (Bosak et al., 2012) and controversial reports extending as far back as 1.8 Ga (Nichols and Wörheide, 2005).”
Influential
Neoproterozoic stratigraphy of the Zavkhan terrane of Mongolia: The backbone for Cryogenian and early Ediacaran chemostratigraphic records
Bold, U., Smith, E. F., Rooney, A. D., Bowring, S. A., Buchwaldt, R., Dudás, F. Ö., Ramezani, J., Crowley, J. L., Schrag, D. P., & Macdonald, F. A. (2016) · American Journal of Science · doi:10.2475/01.2016.01 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Self-citation
Experimental evidence that clay inhibits bacterial decomposers: Implications for preservation of organic fossils
McMahon, S., Anderson, R. P., Saupe, E. E., & Briggs, D. E. G. (2016) · Geology · doi:10.1130/g38454.1 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Sedimentological perspectives on climatic, atmospheric and environmental change in the Neoproterozoic Era
Spence, G. H., Heron, D. P. L., & Fairchild, I. J. (2016) · Sedimentology · doi:10.1111/sed.12261 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Multigene phylogeny and cell evolution of chromist infrakingdom Rhizaria: contrasting cell organisation of sister phyla Cercozoa and Retaria
Cavalier-Smith, T., Chao, E., & Lewis, R. (2018) · Protoplasma · doi:10.1007/s00709-018-1241-1 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Global species richness record and biostratigraphic potential of early to middle Neoproterozoic eukaryote fossils
Riedman, L. A., & Sadler, P. M. (2018) · Precambrian Research · doi:10.1016/j.precamres.2017.10.008 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Putative sponge biomarkers in unicellular Rhizaria question an early rise of animals
Nettersheim, B. J., Brocks, J. J., Schwelm, A., Hope, J. M., Not, F., Lomas, M. W., Schmidt, C., Schiebel, R., Nowack, E. C. M., Patrick De Deckker, B., et al. (2019) · Nature Ecology & Evolution · doi:10.1038/s41559-019-0806-5 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Snowballs in Africa: sectioning a long-lived Neoproterozoic carbonate platform and its bathyal foreslope (NW Namibia)
Hoffman, P. F., Halverson, G. P., Schrag, D. P., Higgins, J. A., Domack, E. W., Macdonald, F. A., Pruss, S. B., Blättler, C. L., Crockford, P. W., Hodgin, E. B., et al. (2021) · Earth-Science Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2021.103616 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Self-citation
The Laurentian record of Neoproterozoic glaciation, tectonism, and eukaryotic evolution in Death Valley, California
Macdonald, F. A., Prave, A. R., Petterson, R., Smith, E. F., Pruss, S. B., Oates, K., Waechter, F., Trotzuk, D., & Fallick, A. E. (2013) · Geological Society of America Bulletin · doi:10.1130/b30789.1 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Self-citation
Free and kerogen‐bound biomarkers from late Tonian sedimentary rocks record abundant eukaryotes in mid‐Neoproterozoic marine communities
Zumberge, J. A., Rocher, D., & Love, G. D. (2020) · Geobiology · doi:10.1111/gbi.12378 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Cryoconite pans on Snowball Earth: supraglacial oases for Cryogenian eukaryotes?
Hoffman, P. F. (2016) · Geobiology · doi:10.1111/gbi.12191 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Organic-walled microfossil assemblages from glacial and interglacial Neoproterozoic units of Australia and Svalbard
Riedman, L. A., Porter, S. M., Halverson, G. P., Hurtgen, M. T., & Junium, C. K. (2014) · Geology · doi:10.1130/g35901.1 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Organic-walled microfossils from the late Mesoproterozoic to early Neoproterozoic lower Shaler Supergroup (Arctic Canada): Diversity and biostratigraphic significance
Loron, C., Rainbird, R. H., Turner, E. C., Greenman, J. W., & Javaux, E. (2018) · Precambrian Research · doi:10.1016/j.precamres.2018.12.024 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Scale microfossils from the mid-Neoproterozoic Fifteenmile Group, Yukon Territory
COHEN, P. A., & Knoll, A. H. (2012) · Journal of Paleontology · doi:10.1666/11-138.1 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Insights into foraminiferal influences on microfabrics of microbialites at Highborne Cay, Bahamas
Bernhard, J. M., Edgcomb, V. P., Visscher, P. T., McIntyre-Wressnig, A., Summons, R. E., Bouxsein, M., Louis, L. D., & Jeglinski, M. (2013) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1221721110 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Glaciogenic reservoirs and hydrocarbon systems: an introduction
Huuse, M., Heron, D. P. L., Dixon, R. J., Redfern, J., Moscariello, A., & Craig, J. (2012) · Geological Society London Special Publications · doi:10.1144/sp368.19 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Carbonaceous and siliceous Neoproterozoic vase-shaped microfossils (Urucum Formation, Brazil) and the question of early protistan biomineralization
Morais, L., Fairchild, T. R., Lahr, D. J. G., Rudnitzki, I. D., Schopf, J. W., Garcia, A. K., Kudryavtsev, A. B., & Romero, G. R. (2017) · Journal of Paleontology · doi:10.1017/jpa.2017.16 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Self-citation
Quantifying the global biodiversity of Proterozoic eukaryotes
Tang, Q., Zheng, W., Zhang, S., Fan, J., Riedman, L. A., Hou, X., Muscente, A. D., Bykova, N., Sadler, P. M., Wang, X., et al. (2024) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.adm9137 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
PRESERVATIONAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL VARIABILITY OF ASSEMBLAGES OF AGGLUTINATED EUKARYOTES IN CRYOGENIAN CAP CARBONATES OF NORTHERN NAMIBIA
Dalton, L., Bosak, T., Macdonald, F. A., Lahr, D. J. G., & Pruss, S. B. (2013) · Palaios · doi:10.2110/palo.2012.p12-084r · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Self-citation
The oldest skeletal macroscopic organism Palaeopascichnus linearis
Kolesnikov, A. V., Rogov, V. I., Bykova, N., Danelian, T., Clausen, S., Maslov, A. V., & Grazhdankin, D. V. (2018) · Precambrian Research · doi:10.1016/j.precamres.2018.07.017 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Dating the late Proterozoic stratigraphic record
Halverson, G. P., Porter, S. M., & Gibson, T. M. (2018) · Emerging Topics in Life Sciences · doi:10.1042/etls20170167 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
It's a protist-eat-protist world: recalcitrance, predation, and evolution in the Tonian–Cryogenian ocean
COHEN, P. A., & Riedman, L. A. (2018) · Emerging Topics in Life Sciences · doi:10.1042/etls20170145 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Shale-hosted biota from the Dismal Lakes Group in Arctic Canada supports an early Mesoproterozoic diversification of eukaryotes
Loron, C., Halverson, G. P., Rainbird, R. H., Skulski, T., Turner, E. C., & Javaux, E. (2021) · Journal of Paleontology · doi:10.1017/jpa.2021.45 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
A distinctive biomarker assemblage in an Infracambrian oil and source rock from western India: Molecular signatures of eukaryotic sterols and prokaryotic carotenoids
Bhattacharya, S., Dutta, S., & Summons, R. E. (2016) · Precambrian Research · doi:10.1016/j.precamres.2016.12.013 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
FOSSILS OF PUTATIVE MARINE ALGAE FROM THE CRYOGENIAN GLACIAL INTERLUDE OF MONGOLIA
COHEN, P. A., Macdonald, F. A., Pruss, S. B., Matys, E. D., & Bosak, T. (2015) · Palaios · doi:10.2110/palo.2014.069 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Self-citation
The Tonian and Cryogenian Periods
Halverson, G. P., Porter, S. M., & Shields, G. (2020) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-824360-2.00017-6 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Heterotrophic Protists in Hypersaline Microbial Mats and Deep Hypersaline Basin Water Columns
Edgcomb, V. P., & Bernhard, J. M. (2013) · Life · doi:10.3390/life3020346 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Enigmatic chambered structures in Cryogenian reefs: The oldest sponge-grade organisms?
Wallace, M. W., Hood, A. V. S., Woon, E. M. S., Hoffmann, K.-H., & Reed, C. P. (2014) · Precambrian Research · doi:10.1016/j.precamres.2014.09.020 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
A Tonian age for the Visingsö Group in Sweden constrained by detrital zircon dating and biochronology: implications for evolutionary events
Moczydłowska, M., Pease, V., Willman, S., Wickström, L., & Agić, H. (2017) · Geological Magazine · doi:10.1017/s0016756817000085 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
The “Dirty Ice” of the McMurdo Ice Shelf: Analogues for biological oases during the Cryogenian
Hawes, I., Jungblut, A. D., Matys, E. D., & Summons, R. E. (2018) · Geobiology · doi:10.1111/gbi.12280 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Self-citation
Biological diversification linked to environmental stabilization following the Sturtian Snowball glaciation
Bowyer, F. T., Krause, A. J., Song, Y., Huang, K., Fu, Y., Shen, B., Li, J., Zhu, X., Kipp, M. A., van Maldegem, L. M., et al. (2023) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.adf9999 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Identification of 24-n-propylidenecholesterol in a member of the Foraminifera
Grabenstatter, J., Méhay, S., McIntyre-Wressnig, A., Giner, J., Edgcomb, V. P., Beaudoin, D., Bernhard, J. M., & Summons, R. E. (2013) · Organic Geochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.orggeochem.2013.08.010 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Biologically agglutinated eukaryotic microfossil from Cryogenian cap carbonates
Moore, K. R., Bosak, T., Macdonald, F. A., Lahr, D. J. G., Newman, S., Settens, C. M., & Pruss, S. B. (2017) · Geobiology · doi:10.1111/gbi.12225 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Self-citation
Microbialite recovery in the aftermath of the Sturtian glaciation: Insights from the Rasthof Formation, Namibia
Ber, E. L., Heron, D. P. L., Winterleitner, G., Bosence, D. W. J., Vining, B. A., & Kamona, F. (2013) · Sedimentary Geology · doi:10.1016/j.sedgeo.2013.05.003 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Ice-rafted dropstones in “postglacial” Cryogenian cap carbonates
Heron, D. P. L., Busfield, M. E., & Kettler, C. (2020) · Geology · doi:10.1130/g48208.1 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Oldest fossil ciliates from the Cryogenian glacial interlude reinterpreted as possible red algal spores
COHEN, P. A., Vizcaíno, M., & Anderson, R. P. (2020) · Palaeontology · doi:10.1111/pala.12497 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
The eukaryome of modern microbialites reveals distinct colonization across aquatic ecosystems
Bonacolta, A. M., Visscher, P. T., del Campo, J., & White, R. A., III (2024) · npj Biofilms and Microbiomes · doi:10.1038/s41522-024-00547-z · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Raman spectroscopic analysis of carbonaceous matter and silica in the test walls of recent and fossil agglutinated foraminifera
McNeil, D. H., Schulze, H. G., Matys, E. D., & Bosak, T. (2015) · AAPG Bulletin · doi:10.1306/12191414093 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Self-citation
Microstructures in metasedimentary rocks from the Neoproterozoic Bonahaven Formation, Scotland: Microconcretions, impact spherules, or microfossils?
Anderson, R. P., Fairchild, I. J., Tosca, N. J., & Knoll, A. H. (2013) · Precambrian Research · doi:10.1016/j.precamres.2013.04.016 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Selective zircon accumulation in a new benthic foraminifer, Psammophaga zirconia, sp. nov.
Sabbatini, A., Negri, A., Bartolini, A., Morigi, C., Boudouma, O., Dinelli, E., Florindo, F., Galeazzi, R., Holzmann, M., Lurcock, P., et al. (2016) · Geobiology · doi:10.1111/gbi.12179 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Ediacaran macrofossils prior to the ~580 Ma Gaskiers glaciation in Newfoundland, Canada
Liu, A., & Tindal, B. H. (2020) · Lethaia · doi:10.1111/let.12401 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Dynamic evolution of marine productivity, redox, and biogeochemical cycling track local and global controls on Cryogenian sea-level change
Tu, C., Diamond, C., Stüeken, E. E., Cao, M., Pan, W., & Lyons, T. W. (2023) · Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.gca.2023.12.005 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Molecular technology in paleontology and paleobiology: Applications and limitations
Abdelhady, A. A., Seuß, B., Jain, S., Fathy, D., Sami, M., Ali, A., Elsheikh, A., Ahmed, M. S., Elewa, A. M. T., & Hussain, A. M. (2024) · Quaternary International · doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2024.01.006 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
New insights on the paleobiology, biostratigraphy and paleogeography of the pre-Sturtian microfossil index taxon Cerebrosphaera
Cornet, Y., François, C., Compère, P., Callec, Y., Roberty, S., Plumier, J.-C., & Javaux, E. (2019) · Precambrian Research · doi:10.1016/j.precamres.2019.105410 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
PYRITIZED CRYOGENIAN CYANOBACTERIAL FOSSILS FROM ARCTIC ALASKA
Moore, K. R., Bosak, T., Macdonald, F. A., DU, K., Newman, S., Lahr, D. J. G., & Pruss, S. B. (2017) · Palaios · doi:10.2110/palo.2017.063 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Self-citation
Vendian of the Fore-Yenisei sedimentary basin (southeastern West Siberia)
Grazhdankin, D. V., Kontorovich, A. E., Kontorovich, V. A., Saraev, S. V., Filippov, Y. F., Ефимов, А. С., Karlova, G. A., Kochnev, B. B., Nagovitsin, K. E., Терлеев, А. А., et al. (2015) · Russian Geology and Geophysics · doi:10.1016/j.rgg.2015.03.008 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Taming chlorophylls by early eukaryotes underpinned algal interactions and the diversification of the eukaryotes on the oxygenated Earth
Kashiyama, Y., Yokoyama, A., Shiratori, T., Hess, S., Not, F., Bachy, C., Gutiérrez-Rodríguez, A., Kawahara, J., Suzaki, T., Nakazawa, M., et al. (2019) · The ISME Journal · doi:10.1038/s41396-019-0377-0 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
A new palaeobiological assemblage from the Son Valley Bhander Group and its implications on the age of the upper Vindhyans of India
Pandey, S. K., Singh, D. K., Шарма, М., Ahmad, S., & Bhan, U. (2023) · Palaeoworld · doi:10.1016/j.palwor.2023.06.001 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Did high temperature rather than low O2 hinder the evolution of eukaryotes in the Precambrian?
Zhang, F., Wang, H., Ye, Y., Liu, Y., Lyu, Y., Deng, Y., Lyu, D., Wang, X., Wu, H., Deng, S., et al. (2022) · Precambrian Research · doi:10.1016/j.precamres.2022.106755 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Influence of microbial framework on Cryogenian microbial facies, Rasthof Formation, Namibia
Ber, E. L., Heron, D. P. L., & Oxtoby, N. H. (2015) · Geological Society London Special Publications · doi:10.1144/sp418.7 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Vase-shaped microfossils from the late Ediacaran Dengying Formation of Ningqiang, South China: taxonomy, preservation and biological affinity
Chai, S., Hua, H., Ren, J., Dai, Q., & Cui, Z. (2020) · Precambrian Research · doi:10.1016/j.precamres.2020.105968 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Fossils or sedimentary structures? Carbonaceous spheroids from the shale of the Cryogenian Nantuo Formation in Shengnongjia area, South China
Ye, Q., Tong, J., Pang, K., Tian, L., Hu, J., & An, Z. (2020) · Precambrian Research · doi:10.1016/j.precamres.2020.105759 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Diversification of heterotrophic protists at the eve of Cambrian explosion
Xiao, M., Hua, H., Sun, B., Dai, Q., Luo, J., Pan, X., & Liu, Z. (2021) · Global and Planetary Change · doi:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2021.103545 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Devonian agglutinated polychaete tubes: all in all it's just another grain in the wall
Becker-Kerber, B., Horodyski, R. S., Mouro, L. D., Sedorko, D., Lehn, I., Sánchez, D. F., Fournier, J., Mazurier, A., & Albani, A. E. (2021) · Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.2021.1143 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Nitrogen isotopes and geochemistry of the basal Datangpo Formation: Contrasting redox conditions in the upper and lower water columns during the Cryogenian interglaciation period
Wu, J., Tan, Z., Jia, W., Chen, J., & Peng, P. (2023) · Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology · doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2023.112005 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Transition from stromatolite to thrombolite fabric: potential role for reticulopodial protists in lake microbialites of a Proterozoic ecosystem analog
Bernhard, J. M., Fisher, L. A., Murphy, Q., Sen, L., Yeh, H. D., Louyakis, A. S., Gomaa, F., Reilly, M., Batta‐Lona, P. G., Bucklin, A., et al. (2023) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2023.1210781 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
UNUSUAL TUBULAR FOSSILS ASSOCIATED WITH MICROBIAL CRUSTS FROM THE MIDDLE JURASSIC OF POLAND: AGGLUTINATED POLYCHAETE WORM TUBES?
Zatoń, M., Kano, Y., Wilson, M. A., & Filipiak, P. (2012) · Palaios · doi:10.2110/palo.2012.p12-013r · Cited by 8 · see citing works
The Location and Styles of Ice-Free “Oases” during Neoproterozoic Glaciations with Evolutionary Implications
Heron, D. P. L. (2012) · Geosciences · doi:10.3390/geosciences2020090 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
A eukaryote assemblage intercalated with Marinoan glacial deposits in South Australia
Heron, D. P. L., Alderton, D. H. M., Collinson, M. E., Grassineau, N. V., Sykes, D., & Trundley, A. (2016) · Journal of the Geological Society · doi:10.1144/jgs2015-156 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Middle Devonian parathuramminid and earlandiid foraminifers from shallow marine carbonates of the Carnic Alps (Austria)
Vachard, D., Krainer, K., & Mörtl, A. (2018) · Journal of Paleontology · doi:10.1017/jpa.2017.127 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Primary productivity recovery and shallow-water oxygenation during the Sturtian deglaciation in South China
Wang, X., Dong, L., Ma, H., Lang, X., & Wang, R. (2024) · Global and Planetary Change · doi:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2024.104546 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
The Rise of Algae promoted eukaryote predation in the Neoproterozoic benthos
Mills, D. B., Vuillemin, A., Muschler, K., Coskun, Ö. K., & Orsi, W. D. (2025) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.adt2147 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
First discovery of Early PalaeozoicBathysiphon(Foraminifera) – test structure and habitat of a ‘living fossil’
Landing, E., REYES, S. P., Andreas, A., & Bowser, S. S. (2012) · Geological Magazine · doi:10.1017/s0016756812000155 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Microfossils and their utility for archaeological and forensic studies
Williams, M., Hill, T., Boomer, I., & Wilkinson, I. P. (2017) · The Geological Society of London on behalf of The Micropalaeontological Society eBooks · doi:10.1144/tms7.1 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
A Flourishing Planktonic Microbial Community in an Interglacial Offshore Environment: Silicified Microfossils From the Cryogenian Datangpo Formation, South China
Ouyang, Q., Zhou, C., Lang, X., Qu, Y., Shi, H., Sun, Y., & Chen, Z. (2025) · Geobiology · doi:10.1111/gbi.70034 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Allogromia Arnoldi n. sp.: Distribution, Phylogenetic Placement, Culture Methods, and Fine Structure of a New Monothalamid Foraminiferan
Goldstein, S. T., Ballero, D., Richardson, E. A., & Bowser, S. S. (2022) · The Journal of Foraminiferal Research · doi:10.2113/gsjfr.52.3.179 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Freshwater Foraminifera Biodiversity in New England ( USA ): Evaluation of Field Sites and a Botanical Garden
Grow, A. K., & Katz, L. A. (2025) · Ecology and Evolution · doi:10.1002/ece3.71557 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Tubular microfossils from Neoproterozoic cap limestone of the Dzhetym Group, Kyrgyzstan
Moore, K. R., Dawson, J., Nelson, L. L., Smith, E. F., & Pruss, S. B. (2025) · Precambrian Research · doi:10.1016/j.precamres.2025.107873 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
MACROEVOLUTION IN BENTHIC FORAMINIFERA: A REVIEW OF ATTRIBUTES LEADING TO LONGEVITY
Buzas-Stephens, P., Marchitto, T. M., Culver, S. J., & Buzas, M. A. (2025) · The Journal of Foraminiferal Research · doi:10.61551/gsjfr.55.4.345 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Introduction
Holbourn, A., Henderson, A. S., & MacLeod, N. (2013) · doi:10.1002/9781118452493.ch · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Diversity and Evolution of Nassellaria and Spumellaria (Radiolaria)
Sandín, M. M. (2019) · doi:10.70675/233467e8zb621z4722zbd3cz589c853e93fa · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Extremophiles and Extreme Environments
Rampelotto, P. H. (2016) · MDPI eBooks · doi:10.3390/books978-3-03842-178-8
Imbalances: Sources of All Change
Knoflacher, M. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-69423-7_8
Origin of eukaryotes
Adl, S. M. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-95299-6.00012-3
Paleobiology of the Ediacaran biota during and after the Kotlinian Crisis event : Insights from palaeopascichnids and microbially induced morphostructures
Kolesnikov, A. V. (2018) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/623b8753z3933z497bzb98fz08eb8e3ebdc3
CARBONATE U-PB GEOCHRONOLOGY ESTABLISHES FLASK-SHAPED MICROFOSSILS FROM THE DZHANYTAS GROUP OF SOUTHERN KAZAKHSTAN AS MID-TONIAN AND THE OLDEST GLOBALLY
Mohammed, K. A., Moore, K. R., Newell, C. R., Brenner, D. C., Talgatbek, A., Mustapayeva, S. N., Mamanov, Y., Viete, D. R., & Smith, E. F. (2026) · Palaios · doi:10.2110/palo.2024.031
Phosphatized heterotrophic protists from the Ediacaran–Cambrian transition in South China: New evidence for evolutionary continuity
Luo, J., Zhang, S., Min, X., Hua, H., Gong, M., Dai, Q., Bai, L., Hou, Y., Wang, X., Wang, X., et al. (2026) · Gondwana Research · doi:10.1016/j.gr.2026.06.013

Investigating the ecology of post-Sturtian (~716 Ma) microfossil assembleges in a cap carbonate, the Rasthof formation, northern Namibia
Dalton, L. (2012) · Smith ScholarWorks (Smith College)
Self-citation
Tubular microfossils from the Sturtian cap carbonates of the Rasthof Formation
Matys, E. D., Pruss, S. B., Dalton, L., Lahr, D. J. G., Macdonald, F. A., & Bosak, T. (2010) · AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts
Self-citation
Microfossil assemblages in Cryogenian (~716 Ma) cap carbonates of Namibia, Zambia, Mongolia and Arctic Alaska
Moore, K. R. (2015) · Smith ScholarWorks (Smith College)
Agglutinated tests in post-Sturtian cap carbonates of Namibia and Mongolia
Bosak, T., Lahr, D. J. G., Pruss, S. B., Macdonald, F. A., Dalton, L., & Matys, E. D. (2011) · Earth and Planetary Science Letters · doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2011.05.030 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Self-citation
Fossil evidence for life in post-Sturtian cap carbonates of the Rasthof Formation, northern Namibia
Pruss, S. B., Bosak, T., Dalton, L., Lahr, D. J. G., & Macdonald, F. A. (2010) · AGUFM
Self-citation

Authors: Bosak, T., Lahr, D. J. G., Pruss, S. B., Macdonald, F. A., Gooday, A. J., Dalton, L., & Matys, E. D.
Affiliations: Massachusetts Institute of Technology (US)
Universidade de São Paulo (BR)
Smith College (US)
Harvard University (US)
National Oceanography Centre (GB)
ORCID: Bosak, Tanja
Lahr, Daniel J.G.
Pruss, Sara B.
Macdonald, Francis A.
Gooday, Andrew J.
Matys, Emily D.
Venue: Geology
Publisher: Geological Society of America
Published: 2012-01
Volume: 40
Issue: 1
Pages: 67-70
ISSN: 0091-7613 (ISSN-L)
1943-2682
DOI: 10.1130/g32535.1
OpenAlex: W2144409058
Cited by: 82
References: 29
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 5
FWCI: 3.56
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
nrs.harvard.edu
Licence: cc-by
Locations: Geology (publishedVersion)
Scientific Electronic Library Online (São Paulo Research Foundation, Latin American and Caribbean Center on Health Sciences Information, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico) (publishedVersion)
Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Smith ScholarWorks (Smith College) (submittedVersion)
ePrints Soton (University of Southampton) (submittedVersion)
NERC Open Research Archive (Natural Environment Research Council) (submittedVersion)
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Funders: Natural Environment Research Council (noc010004, noc010009)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Paleontology and Stratigraphy of Fossils
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Protist diversity and phylogeny
Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Paleontology and Evolutionary Biology
Keywords: Sturtian glaciation, agglutination test, Neoproterozoic, microbial ecosystems, carbon cycle, Ediacaran, protist evolution, Namibia

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Possible early foraminiferans in post-Sturtian (716−635 Ma) cap carbonates

Abstract

Integrity signals

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Cites

Cited by

Related

Record

About these checks