CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 985Sports injuries and preventionMedical Practices and RehabilitationSport Psychology and Performance

2016 Consensus statement on return to sport from the First World Congress in Sports Physical Therapy, Bern

Open access
Ardern, Clare L, Glasgow, Philip, Schneiders, Anthony, Witvrouw, Erik, Clarsen, Benjamin, Cools, Ann, Gojanovic, Boris, Griffin, Steffan +11 more·2016·British Journal of Sports Medicine
DOI 10.1136/bjsports-2016-096278
Open this paper in CoChat — free accountOpen PDF

Abstract

Deciding when to return to sport after injury is complex and multifactorial—an exercise in risk management. Return to sport decisions are made every day by clinicians, athletes and coaches, ideally in a collaborative way. The purpose of this consensus statement was to present and synthesise current evidence to make recommendations for return to sport decision-making, clinical practice and future research directions related to returning athletes to sport. A half day meeting was held in Bern, Switzerland, after the First World Congress in Sports Physical Therapy. 17 expert clinicians participated. 4 main sections were initially agreed upon, then participants elected to join 1 of the 4 groups—each group focused on 1 section of the consensus statement. Participants in each group discussed and summarised the key issues for their section before the 17-member group met again for discussion to reach consensus on the content of the 4 sections. Return to sport is not a decision taken in isolation at the end of the recovery and rehabilitation process. Instead, return to sport should be viewed as a continuum, paralleled with recovery and rehabilitation. Biopsychosocial models may help the clinician make sense of individual factors that may influence the athlete's return to sport, and the Strategic Assessment of Risk and Risk Tolerance framework may help decision-makers synthesise information to make an optimal return to sport decision. Research evidence to support return to sport decisions in clinical practice is scarce. Future research should focus on a standardised approach to defining, measuring and reporting return to sport outcomes, and identifying valuable prognostic factors for returning to sport.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1136/bjsports-2016-096278

Cites

156 of 156 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 1

  1. Möller M, Movin T, Granhed H, et al. Acute rupture of tendon Achilles. A prospective randomised study of comparison between surgical and non-surgical treatment. J Bone Joint Surg Br 2001;83:843-8. 102

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Related

Authors
Ardern, C. L., Glasgow, P., Schneiders, A., Witvrouw, E., Clarsen, B., Cools, A., Gojanovic, B., Griffin, S., Khan, K. M., Moksnes, H., Mutch, S. A., Phillips, N., Reurink, G., Sadler, R., Grävare Silbernagel, K., Thorborg, K., Wangensteen, A., Wilk, K. E., & Bizzini, M.
Affiliations
  • Linköping University (SE)
  • University of Ulster (GB)
  • Central Queensland University (AU)
  • Ghent University (BE)
  • Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center (NO)
  • Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CH)
  • University of Birmingham (GB)
  • University of British Columbia (CA)
  • Cardiff University (GB)
  • Manchester City Football Club (GB)
  • University of Copenhagen (DK)
  • Qatar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital (QA)
  • Fédération Internationale de Football Association (CH)
Corresponding author
Ardern, Clare L
ORCID
Venue
British Journal of Sports Medicine
Publisher
BMJ
Published
2016-05-25
Volume
50
Issue
14
Pages
853-864
ISSN
  • 0306-3674 (ISSN-L)
  • 1473-0480
DOI
10.1136/bjsports-2016-096278
OpenAlex
W2406070554
Cited by
985
References
156
Citations by year
2026: 159 · 2025: 132 · 2024: 134 · 2023: 114 · 2022: 114 · 2021: 79 · 2020: 90 · 2019: 67 · 2018: 50 · 2017: 37 · 2016: 7
FWCI
65.40
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • British Journal of Sports Medicine (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Ghent University Academic Bibliography (Ghent University) (publishedVersion)
  • Pure Amsterdam UMC (publishedVersion, other-oa)
  • Acquire (CQUniversity) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • Ghent University Academic Bibliography (Ghent University) (submittedVersion)
  • BIBSYS Brage (BIBSYS (Norway)) (submittedVersion)
  • Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • ORCA Online Research @Cardiff (Cardiff University) (submittedVersion)
  • IRIS (submittedVersion)
  • NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • HighWire Press Open Archive (submittedVersion)
  • Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (submittedVersion)
  • SERVAL (Université de Lausanne) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports injuries and prevention
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Medical Practices and Rehabilitation
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Sport Psychology and Performance
Keywords
return to sport, athletes, sports injuries, injury rehabilitation, risk management, biopsychosocial model, prognostic factors, multidisciplinary collaboration
MeSH terms
Clinical Decision-Making, Return to Sport, Athletic Injuries, Communication, Congresses as Topic, Decision Making, Humans, Risk Factors, Sports, Switzerland, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Recovery of Function, Athletes

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review