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Cited by 16Gestational Diabetes Research and ManagementFatty Acid Research and HealthDiet, Metabolism, and Disease

Early pregnancy plasma fatty acid profiles of women later diagnosed with gestational diabetes

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Tryggvadottir, Ellen Alma, Gunnarsdottir, Ingibjorg, Birgisdottir, Bryndis Eva, Hrolfsdottir, Laufey, Landberg, Rikard, Hreidarsdottir, Ingibjorg Th, Hardardottir, Hildur, Halldorsson, Thorhallur Ingi·2021·BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care
DOI 10.1136/bmjdrc-2021-002326PMC PMC8340288
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Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Fatty acid (FA) concentrations have previously been associated with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). However, few studies on GDM have examined FA profiles in early pregnancy or before diagnosis. This study aimed to compare early pregnancy plasma FA profiles of women with and without GDM diagnoses as well as their reported dietary consumption. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: The subjects comprised 853 women from the prospective study: Pregnant Women in Iceland II (PREWICE II), attending their 11-14 weeks ultrasound appointment in 2017-2018. During the visit, blood samples were collected for plasma FA analysis, and dietary habits were assessed using a short food frequency questionnaire. Information on GDM diagnoses was then later extracted from medical records. Differences in FA profile between GDM cases and non-cases were evaluated using the Mann-Whitney U test. RESULTS: GDM was diagnosed in 127 women (14.9%). Concentrations of saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) n-6, PUFA n-3 and total FA were higher in the women who later developed GDM compared with those who did not (p≤0.05). The medians for total FA were 2898 μg/mL for the women with GDM and 2681 μg/mL for those without GDM. Mean adjusted difference for total FA between the groups was 133 μg/mL (95% CI 33 to 233). Similar results were observed in prepregnancy normal-weight women and overweight women/women with obesity. Overall diet quality in early pregnancy appeared to be lower among the women later diagnosed with GDM. CONCLUSION: We found that plasma FA profiles in early pregnancy were different for women later diagnosed with GDM compared with those who were not, independent of the women's body mass index.

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Authors
Tryggvadottir, E. A., Gunnarsdottir, I., Birgisdottir, B. E., Hrolfsdottir, L., Landberg, R., Hreidarsdottir, I. T., Hardardottir, H., & Halldorsson, T. I.
Affiliations
  • Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
  • Chalmers University of Technology (SE)
  • University of Iceland (IS)
  • Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
ORCID
Venue
BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care
Publisher
BMJ
Published
2021-08
Volume
9
Issue
1
Pages
e002326
ISSN
2052-4897 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1136/bmjdrc-2021-002326
PMC
PMC8340288
OpenAlex
W3191262588
Cited by
16
References
4
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 3
FWCI
2.04
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Opin vísindi (Opin vísindi) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • Opin vísindi (Opin vísindi) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • Chalmers Research (Chalmers University of Technology) (submittedVersion)
  • Hirsla (Landspítali University Hospital) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
Funders
  • Landspítali Háskólasjúkrahús (798381, 893911)
  • Háskóli Íslands (HI18080069)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
Keywords
gestational diabetes mellitus, plasma fatty acid profile, early pregnancy, polyunsaturated fatty acids, omega-3 fatty acids, omega-6 fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, saturated fatty acids, diet quality, maternal obesity, body mass index
MeSH terms
Diet, Fatty Acids, Fatty Acids, Unsaturated, Female, Humans, Pregnancy, Body Mass Index, Diabetes, Gestational

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