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Cited by 119Gestational Diabetes Research and ManagementNutritional Studies and DietDiabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins

Association between healthy maternal dietary pattern and risk for gestational diabetes mellitus

Tryggvadottir, E A, Medek, H, Birgisdottir, B E, Geirsson, R T, Gunnarsdottir, I·2016·European Journal of Clinical Nutrition
DOI 10.1038/ejcn.2015.145
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Abstract

Background/objectives Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with negative health effects for mother and child. The aim was to investigate the association between maternal dietary patterns and GDM. Subjects/methods Prospective observational study including 168 pregnant women aged 18-40 years, recruited at routine 20-week ultrasound. All participants kept a 4-day weighed food record following recruitment (commencement: gestational weeks 19-24). Principal component analysis was used to extract dietary patterns from 29 food groups. A Healthy Eating Index (HEI) was constructed. All women underwent an oral glucose tolerance test in weeks 23-28. Results One clear dietary pattern (Eigenvalue 2.4) was extracted with positive factor loadings for seafood; eggs; vegetables; fruits and berries; vegetable oils; nuts and seeds; pasta; breakfast cereals; and coffee, tea and cocoa powder, and negative factor loadings for soft drinks and French fries. This pattern was labeled a prudent dietary pattern. Explained variance was 8.2%. The prevalence of GDM was 2.3% among women of normal weight before pregnancy (n=86) and 18.3% among overweight/obese women (n=82). The prudent dietary pattern was associated with lower risk of GDM (OR: 0.54; 95% CI: 0.30, 0.98). When adjusting for age, parity, prepregnancy weight, energy intake, weekly weight gain and total metabolic equivalent of task the association remained (OR: 0.36; 95% CI: 0.14, 0.94). Similar results were found when only including overweight or obese women (OR: 0.31; 95% CI: 0.13, 0.75). Conclusions Adhering to a prudent dietary pattern in pregnancy was clearly associated with lower risk of GDM, especially among women already at higher risk because of overweight/obesity before pregnancy.

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  • In Iceland, among patients with a prudent dietary pattern and correct BMI, GDM appeared in 2.3% cases, and among overweight/obese patients in 18.3%.

    “In patient with a prudent dietary pattern and correct BMI, GDM appeared in 2.3% cases and among 18.3% of overweight/obese patients [171].”

    From Evolution of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus across Continents in 21st Century (2022) · cites this paper as [171]

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Authors
Tryggvadottir, E. A., Medek, H., Birgisdottir, B. E., Geirsson, R. T., & Gunnarsdottir, I.
Affiliations
University of Iceland (IS)
ORCID
Geirsson, R T
Venue
European Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2015-09-09
Volume
70
Issue
2
Pages
237-242
ISSN
  • 0954-3007 (ISSN-L)
  • 1476-5640
DOI
10.1038/ejcn.2015.145
OpenAlex
W1434588288
Cited by
119
References
40
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 6
FWCI
11.76
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
Locations
  • European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Hirsla (Landspítali University Hospital) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • Fonds National de la Recherche Luxembourg
  • Landspítali Háskólasjúkrahús
  • Háskóli Íslands
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
Keywords
gestational diabetes mellitus, maternal dietary patterns, prudent diet, Healthy Eating Index, pregnancy, maternal obesity, overweight, dietary adherence, oral glucose tolerance test
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Energy Intake, Diet, Female, Glucose Tolerance Test, Humans, Obesity, Pregnancy, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Weight Gain, Diet Records, Prevalence, Diabetes, Gestational, Prenatal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Overweight, Young Adult

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