Cited by 681Gut microbiota and healthGastrointestinal motility and disordersMicrobial Metabolites in Food Biotechnology

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 37 of the 37 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Diets that differ in their FODMAP content alter the colonic luminal microenvironment

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Abstract

Objective: A low FODMAP (Fermentable Oligosaccharides, Disaccharides, Monosaccharides And Polyols) diet reduces symptoms of IBS, but reduction of potential prebiotic and fermentative effects might adversely affect the colonic microenvironment. The effects of a low FODMAP diet with a typical Australian diet on biomarkers of colonic health were compared in a single-blinded, randomised, cross-over trial. Design: Twenty-seven IBS and six healthy subjects were randomly allocated one of two 21-day provided diets, differing only in FODMAP content (mean (95% CI) low 3.05 (1.86 to 4.25) g/day vs Australian 23.7 (16.9 to 30.6) g/day), and then crossed over to the other diet with ≥21-day washout period. Faeces passed over a 5-day run-in on their habitual diet and from day 17 to day 21 of the interventional diets were pooled, and pH, short-chain fatty acid concentrations and bacterial abundance and diversity were assessed. Results: Faecal indices were similar in IBS and healthy subjects during habitual diets. The low FODMAP diet was associated with higher faecal pH (7.37 (7.23 to 7.51) vs 7.16 (7.02 to 7.30); p=0.001), similar short-chain fatty acid concentrations, greater microbial diversity and reduced total bacterial abundance (9.63 (9.53 to 9.73) vs 9.83 (9.72 to 9.93) log 10 copies/g; p<0.001) compared with the Australian diet. To indicate direction of change, in comparison with the habitual diet the low FODMAP diet reduced total bacterial abundance and the typical Australian diet increased relative abundance for butyrate-producing Clostridium cluster XIVa (median ratio 6.62; p<0.001) and mucus-associated Akkermansia muciniphila (19.3; p<0.001), and reduced Ruminococcus torques . Conclusions: Diets differing in FODMAP content have marked effects on gut microbiota composition. The implications of long-term reduction of intake of FODMAPs require elucidation. Trial registration number: ACTRN12612001185853.

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Metadata

Authors
Halmos, E. P., Christophersen, C. T., Bird, A. R., Shepherd, S. J., Gibson, P. R., & Muir, J. G.
Affiliations
  • The Alfred Hospital (AU)
  • Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (AU)
  • Eastern Health (AU)
Corresponding author
Halmos, Emma P
Venue
Gut
Publisher
BMJ
Published
2014-07-12
Volume
64
Issue
1
Pages
93-100
ISSN
  • 0017-5749 (ISSN-L)
  • 1468-3288
OpenAlex
W2167428741
Cited by
681
References
37
Citations by year
2026: 21 · 2025: 31 · 2024: 37 · 2023: 45 · 2022: 56 · 2021: 64 · 2020: 63 · 2019: 76 · 2018: 66 · 2017: 87 · 2016: 79 · 2015: 47 · 2014: 8
FWCI
30.18
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Gut (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Research Online (Edith Cowan University) (submittedVersion)
  • eSpace (Curtin University) (submittedVersion)
  • HighWire Press Open Archive (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation
  • Monash University
  • Medical Research Council
  • National Health and Medical Research Council
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Microbial Metabolites in Food Biotechnology
Keywords
low FODMAP diet, FODMAPs, irritable bowel syndrome, gut microbiota, fecal pH, short-chain fatty acids, butyrate-producing bacteria, Clostridium cluster XIVa, Akkermansia muciniphila, Ruminococcus torques, dietary intervention, prebiotics
MeSH terms
Adult, Colon, Diet, Disaccharides, Feces, Female, Fermentation, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Monosaccharides, Oligosaccharides, Single-Blind Method, Cross-Over Studies, Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Young Adult

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