Dysbiosis of the faecal microbiota in patients with Crohn’s disease and their unaffected relatives
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: A general dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota has been established in patients with Crohn's disease (CD), but a systematic characterisation of this dysbiosis is lacking. Therefore the composition of the predominant faecal microbiota of patients with CD was studied in comparison with the predominant composition in unaffected controls. Whether dysbiosis is present in relatives of patients CD was also examined. METHODS: Focusing on families with at least three members affected with CD, faecal samples of 68 patients with CD, 84 of their unaffected relatives and 55 matched controls were subjected to community fingerprinting of the predominant microbiota using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). To analyse the DGGE profiles, BioNumerics software and non-parametric statistical analyses (SPSS V.17.0) were used. Observed differences in the predominant microbiota were subsequently confirmed and quantified with real-time PCR. RESULTS: Five bacterial species characterised dysbiosis in CD, namely a decrease in Dialister invisus (p=0.04), an uncharacterised species of Clostridium cluster XIVa (p = 0.03), Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (p < 1.3 × 10⁻⁵) and Bifidobacterium adolescentis (p = 5.4 × 10⁻⁶), and an increase in Ruminococcus gnavus (p = 2.1 × 10⁻⁷). Unaffected relatives of patients with CD had less Collinsella aerofaciens (p = 0.004) and a member of the Escherichia coli-Shigella group (p = 0.01) and more Ruminococcus torques (p = 0.02) in their predominant microbiota as compared with healthy subjects. CONCLUSION: Unaffected relatives of patients with CD have a different composition of their microbiota compared with healthy controls. This dysbiosis is not characterised by lack of butyrate producing-bacteria as observed in CD but suggests a role for microorganisms with mucin degradation capacity.
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Evidence is limited for a direct connection between particular gut bacteria or their virulence factors and sporadic colorectal cancer.
“Although dysbiosis is associated with chronic inflammation and production of carcinogenic metabolites, 175, 176 there is limited evidence to support a direct link between specific intestinal bacteria, their virulence factors, and sporadic CRC.”
From Influence of the Gut Microbiome, Diet, and Environment on Risk of Colorectal Cancer (2020) · cites this paper as [175]
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- Authors
- Joossens, M., Huys, G., Cnockaert, M., De Preter, V., Verbeke, K., Rutgeerts, P., Vandamme, P., & Vermeire, S.
- Affiliations
- Universitair Ziekenhuis Leuven (BE)
- Ghent University (BE)
- Venue
- Gut
- Publisher
- BMJ
- Published
- 2011-01-05
- Volume
- 60
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 631-637
- ISSN
- 0017-5749 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2139327060
- Semantic Scholar
- 3c76b951197740ae02ffa2ef816767ede9de1b85
- Cited by
- 1,063
- References
- 47
- Citations by year
- 2026: 30 · 2025: 67 · 2024: 88 · 2023: 91 · 2022: 73 · 2021: 103 · 2020: 95 · 2019: 81 · 2018: 65 · 2017: 60 · 2016: 74 · 2015: 56 · 2014: 68 · 2013: 57 · 2012: 34
- FWCI
- 23.48
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Gut (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Ghent University Academic Bibliography (Ghent University) (publishedVersion)
- Ghent University Academic Bibliography (Ghent University) (submittedVersion)
- HighWire Press Open Archive (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Keywords
- Crohn's disease, fecal microbiota, dysbiosis, gut microbiota composition, unaffected relatives, Dialister invisus, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Ruminococcus gnavus, Ruminococcus torques, Collinsella aerofaciens, Clostridium cluster XIVa, mucin degradation, butyrate-producing bacteria, familial aggregation
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Bacteria, Crohn Disease, DNA, Bacterial, Feces, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Symbiosis, Case-Control Studies, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Metagenome, Young Adult, Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis
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