Decline in intelligence is associated with progression in white matter hyperintensity volume
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVES: To quantify the time course of white matter hyperintensities (WMH) and assess the association between progression and cognitive decline in non-demented octogenarians. METHODS: From a Danish cohort of 698 people born in 1914, 26 participated in neuropsychological assessment (Wechsler adult intelligence scale) initiated at age 50, including cognitive testing and cerebral magnetic resonance imaging at the 80 and 85 year studies. WMH volumes were quantified and partial correlations were calculated between WMH volume change and decline in WAIS scores from 80 to 85. RESULTS: Progression in WMH volume ranged from 0 ml to 20.7 ml, providing a median increase of 2.6 ml (range 0.1 to 20.7, p<0.001) and, with a mean time interval between scans of 3.8 years, a rate of progression of 0.63 (0 to 6.8) ml/year. WMH volume measures for the two hemispheres were highly correlated (r = 0.95) and did not differ significantly. Increase in WMH volume was correlated with a simultaneous decline in verbal IQ (r = -0.65, p = 0.001), while baseline WMH was associated with subsequent decline in performance subtests (digit symbol, r = -0.57, p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: The association between WMH and decline in essential cognitive abilities even in well preserved elderly people suggests that WMH should be regarded as a risk factor for cognitive impairment and dementia.
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Cerebrovascular effects of Aβ render the aged brain more vulnerable to ischemic injury.
“both human and experimental studies in transgenic mice overexpressing amyloid precursor protein suggest that cerebrovascular effects of Aβ render the aged brain more vulnerable to ischemic injury [172].”
From The overlap between vascular disease and Alzheimer’s disease - lessons from pathology (2014) · cites this paper as [172]
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- Authors
- Garde, E.
- Affiliations
- National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Garde, E
- ORCID
- Garde, E
- Venue
- Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry
- Publisher
- BMJ
- Published
- 2005-09-01
- Volume
- 76
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1289-1291
- ISSN
- 0022-3050 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC1739790
- OpenAlex
- W2119347018
- Cited by
- 118
- References
- 24
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 6.28
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Velux Stiftung
- Hospital Research Foundation
- Elsass Fonden
- Simon Spies Fonden
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Cerebrovascular and genetic disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neurological Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Keywords
- white matter hyperintensities, cognitive decline, intelligence, verbal IQ, octogenarians, older adults, dementia risk, cognitive impairment, brain aging
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Brain, Cognition Disorders, Dementia, Female, Humans, Intelligence Tests, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Risk Factors, Cohort Studies, Disease Progression
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