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The role of DXA bone density scans in the diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis
Open accessAbstract
Dual energy x ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans to measure bone mineral density (BMD) at the spine and hip have an important role in the evaluation of individuals at risk of osteoporosis, and in helping clinicians advise patients about the appropriate use of antifracture treatment. Compared with alternative bone densitometry techniques, hip and spine DXA examinations have a number of advantages that include a consensus that BMD results can be interpreted using the World Health Organization T-score definition of osteoporosis, a proven ability to predict fracture risk, proven effectiveness at targeting antifracture therapies, and the ability to monitor response to treatment. This review discusses the evidence for these and other clinical aspects of DXA scanning, including its role in the new WHO algorithm for treating patients on the basis of their individual fracture risk.
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“Currently, the diagnosis of osteoporosis primarily relies on the assessment of bone mass through bone densitometry, also known as dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) [46].”
From Osteoporosis: Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics (2023) · cites this paper as [46]
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“the diagnosis of osteoporosis is mainly based on the evaluation of bone mass by bone densitometry (DEXA) [67].”
BackgroundDXA scanning in clinical practice
Maghraoui, A. E., & Roux, C. (2008) · QJM · doi:10.1093/qjmed/hcn022 · Cited by 320
“Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is recognized as the reference method to measure bone mineral density (BMD) with acceptable accuracy errors and good precision and reproducibility.(1) The World Health Organization (WHO) has established DXA as the best densitometric technique for assessing BMD in postmenopausal w…”
BackgroundChronic kidney disease and bone fracture: A growing concern
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“Compared with alternative bone densitometry techniques, FN and LS DXA examinations have a number of advantages, including include a proven ability to predict fracture risk, a consensus for defining osteoporosis through BMD results according to the World Health Organization T-score definition, and the ability to monito…”
BackgroundContinuous antiretroviral therapy decreases bone mineral density
Grund, B., Peng, G., Gibert, C. L., Hoy, J., Isaksson, R., Shlay, J. C., Martínez, E., Reiss, P., Visnegarwala, F., & Carr, A. D. (2009) · AIDS · doi:10.1097/qad.0b013e32832c1792 · Cited by 212
“This is consistent with studies in the general population, in which the age-related BMD decline varies by scan location and technique, and spine BMD measured by qCT declines faster than BMD by DXA of the spine or hip [34,35].”
Result
Metadata
- Authors
- Blake, G. M., & Fogelman, I.
- Affiliations
- King's College London (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Blake, Glen M
- ORCID
- Blake, Glen M
- Venue
- Postgraduate Medical Journal
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2007-08-01
- Volume
- 83
- Issue
- 982
- Pages
- 509-517
- ISSN
- 0032-5473 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-0756
- PMC
- PMC2600106
- OpenAlex
- W2000878199
- Cited by
- 532
- References
- 74
- Citations by year
- 2026: 31 · 2025: 55 · 2024: 56 · 2023: 34 · 2022: 55 · 2021: 54 · 2020: 31 · 2019: 31 · 2018: 33 · 2017: 26 · 2016: 22 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 22 · 2012: 13
- FWCI
- 1.55
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Postgraduate Medical Journal (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Bone health and osteoporosis research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › HIV-related health complications and treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Menopause: Health Impacts and Treatments
- Keywords
- dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, bone mineral density, osteoporosis diagnosis, fracture risk prediction, treatment response monitoring
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Osteoporosis, Risk Factors, Absorptiometry, Photon, Bone Density, Risk Assessment, Fractures, Bone
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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