Improving patient safety by instructional systems design
Open accessAbstract
Education and training are important elements in patient safety, both as a potential contributing factor to risks and hazards of healthcare associated injury or harm and as an intervention to be used in eliminating or preventing such harm. All too often we have relied on training as the only interventions for patient safety without examining other alternatives or realizing that, in some cases, the training systems themselves are part of the problem. One way to ensure safety by design is to apply established design principles to education and training. Instructional systems design (ISD) is a systematic method of development of education and training programs for improved learner performance. The ISD process involves five integrated steps: analysis, development, design, implementation, and evaluation (ADDIE). The application of ISD using the ADDIE approach can eliminate or prevent education and training from being a contributing factor of health associated injury or harm, and can also be effective in preventing injury or harm.
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Among the papers that covered barrier identification, the methods used included observations, interviews and/or focus groups, surveys, literature reviews, structured reflection by researchers, job analysis and expert consensus, and predictive studies to identify factors influencing behaviour.
“In the papers where barrier identification was covered, the methods included observations, interviews and/or focus groups [14, 18, 30–32], surveys [32], literature reviews [24], structured reflection by the researchers [32], job analysis and expert consensus [18], and undertaking a predictive study to identify factors influencing the behaviour [28].”
From Methods for designing interventions to change healthcare professionals’ behaviour: a systematic review (2017) · cites this paper as [18]
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- Authors
- Battles, J. B.
- Affiliations
- Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US)
- Corresponding author
- Battles, J B
- Venue
- Quality in Health Care
- Publisher
- BMJ
- Published
- 2006-12
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- suppl 1
- Pages
- i25-i29
- ISSN
- 1475-3898 (ISSN-L)
- 1475-3901
- PMC
- PMC2464865
- OpenAlex
- W2090159149
- Cited by
- 40
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 2 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 2
- FWCI
- 0.93
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- BMJ Quality & Safety (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Emergency Medical Services › Patient Safety and Medication Errors
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Innovations in Medical Education
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Family Practice › Clinical Reasoning and Diagnostic Skills
- Keywords
- patient safety, instructional systems design, ADDIE model, patient safety education, training program design, health professions education, injury prevention
- MeSH terms
- Clinical Competence, Curriculum, Education, Medical, Humans, Quality Assurance, Health Care, Systems Analysis, Teaching, United States, Safety Management, Medical Errors
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