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Ecological restoration of land with particular reference to the mining of metals and industrial minerals: A review of theory and practice

Cooke, J A, Johnson, M S·2002·Environmental Reviews
DOI 10.1139/a01-014
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Abstract

Mining causes the destruction of natural ecosystems through removal of soil and vegetation and burial beneath waste disposal sites. The restoration of mined land in practice can largely be considered as ecosystem reconstruction — the reestablishment of the capability of the land to capture and retain fundamental resources. In restoration planning, it is imperative that goals, objectives, and success criteria are clearly established to allow the restoration to be undertaken in a systematic way, while realizing that these may require some modification later in light of the direction of the restoration succession. A restoration planning model is presented where the presence or absence of topsoil conserved on the site has been given the status of the primary practical issue for consideration in ecological restoration in mining. Examples and case studies are used to explore the important problems and solutions in the practice of restoration in the mining of metals and minerals. Even though ecological theory lacks general laws with universal applicability at the ecosystem level of organization, ecological knowledge does have high heuristic power and applicability to site-specific ecological restoration goals. However, monitoring and management are essential, as the uncertainties in restoration planning can never be overcome. The concept of adaptive management and the notion that a restored site be regarded as a long-term experiment is a sensible perspective. Unfortunately, in practice, the lack of post-restoration monitoring and research has meant few opportunities to improve the theory and practice of ecological restoration in mining. Key words: restoration, rehabilitation, revegetation, mining, succession, ecological theory.

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Metadata

Authors
Cooke, J. A., & Johnson, M. S.
Venue
Environmental Reviews
Publisher
Canadian Science Publishing
Published
2002-03-01
Volume
10
Issue
1
Pages
41-71
ISSN
  • 1181-8700 (ISSN-L)
  • 1208-6053
DOI
10.1139/a01-014
OpenAlex
W2159035568
Cited by
367
References
46
FWCI
25.11
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.nrcresearchpress.com/page/about/CorporateTextAndDataMining (tdm)

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