Cited by 54,751Lipid metabolism and biosynthesisEdible Oils Quality and AnalysisFood Nutrient Composition and Product Development

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A RAPID METHOD OF TOTAL LIPID EXTRACTION AND PURIFICATION

Bligh, E. G., Dyer, W. J.·1959·Canadian Journal of Biochemistry and Physiology

DOI 10.1139/o59-099

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Abstract

Lipid decomposition studies in frozen fish have led to the development of a simple and rapid method for the extraction and purification of lipids from biological materials. The entire procedure can be carried out in approximately 10 minutes; it is efficient, reproducible, and free from deleterious manipulations. The wet tissue is homogenized with a mixture of chloroform and methanol in such proportions that a miscible system is formed with the water in the tissue. Dilution with chloroform and water separates the homogenate into two layers, the chloroform layer containing all the lipids and the methanolic layer containing all the non-lipids. A purified lipid extract is obtained merely by isolating the chloroform layer. The method has been applied to fish muscle and may easily be adapted to use with other tissues.

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A SIMPLE METHOD FOR THE ISOLATION AND PURIFICATION OF TOTAL LIPIDES FROM ANIMAL TISSUES
Folch, J., Lees, M., & Stanley, G. H. S. (1957) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)64849-5 · Cited by 65,189
PREPARATION OF LIPIDE EXTRACTS FROM BRAIN TISSUE
Folch, J., Ascoli, I., Lees, M. B., Meath, J. A., & Lebaron, F. N. (1951) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)55987-1 · Cited by 1,341
Storage of Frozen Plaice Fillets
Dyer, W. J., & Morton, M. L. (1956) · Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada · doi:10.1139/f56-007 · Cited by 69
Self-citation
Experimental Determination of Binodal Curves, Plait Points, and Tie Lines, in 50 Systems, each consisting of Water and Two Organic Liquids
Bonner, W. D. (1910) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry · doi:10.1021/j150116a004 · Cited by 46
Acetone–Water Mixtures for the Extraction and Rapid Estimation of Fats of Biological Materials, Particularly Fish Products
Dambergs, N. (1956) · Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada · doi:10.1139/f56-045 · Cited by 18

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BANCROFT W., 1895, Phys. Iiev., 3, 1

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Method
Lipid extraction alters amino acid composition and bulk, but not amino acid, carbon and nitrogen isotope values
McMahon, K. W. (2024) · Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry · doi:10.1002/rcm.9848 · Cited by 6
Hepatic glucokinase regulatory protein and carbohydrate response element binding protein attenuation reduce de novo lipogenesis but do not mitigate intrahepatic triglyceride accumulation in Aldob deficiency
Buziau, A. M., Oosterveer, M. H., Wouters, K., Bos, T., Tolan, D. R., Agius, L., Ford, B. E., Cassiman, D. M., Stehouwer, C. D. A., Schalkwijk, C. G., et al. (2024) · Molecular Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.molmet.2024.101984 · Cited by 7
“Frozen liver was homogenized in ice-cold PBS. Hepatic lipid contents were assessed following manufacturer ’ s instructions (DiaSys Diagnostic Systems GmbH) after lipid extraction [26].”
Method
Effect of the Addition of Soybean Protein and Insect Flours on the Quality of Cooked Sausages
Kolev, N. D., Vlahova‐Vangelova, D., Balev, D. K., Dragoev, S. G., Dimov, K. G., Petkov, E., & Popova, T. L. (2024) · Foods · doi:10.3390/foods13142194 · Cited by 7
“The extraction of lipids was performed according to the method used by Bligh and Dyer [27].”
Method
Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9 Induction in COVID-19 Is Poorly Associated with Disease Severity and Cholesterol Levels
Mester, P., Amend, P., Schmid, S. A., Wenzel, J. J., Höring, M., Liebisch, G., Krautbauer, S., Müller, M., Buechler, C., & Pavel, V. (2024) · Infectious Disease Reports · doi:10.3390/idr16040045 · Cited by 6
Conductivity modulation in sodium caseinate biopolymer based resistive switching write-once-read-many times (WORM) memory device
Saha, M., Dey, S., Nawaz, S. M., et al. (2024) · Organic Electronics · doi:10.1016/j.orgel.2024.107101 · Cited by 6
Delta‐6 desaturase FADS2 is a tumor‐promoting factor in cholangiocarcinoma
Hasegawa, K., Fujimori, H., Nakatani, K., Takahashi, M., Izumi, Y., Bamba, T., Nakamura, M., Shibuya‐Takahashi, R., Mochizuki, M., Wakui, Y., et al. (2024) · Cancer Science · doi:10.1111/cas.16306 · Cited by 5
Extraction of Omega-3 Fatty Acids from Atlantic Sea Cucumber (Cucumaria frondosa) Viscera Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide
Lin, J., Jiao, G., Brooks, M. S., Budge, S. M., & Kermanshahi‐pour, A. (2024) · Marine Drugs · doi:10.3390/md22080366 · Cited by 6
“Crude lipids of C. frondosa viscera were extracted according to a modified Bligh and Dyer method [45,46].”
Magnitude of obesity alone does not alter the alveolar lipidome
Tharp, W. G., Morris, C. R., Santos-Ortega, Y., et al. (2024) · American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajplung.00112.2024 · Cited by 6
Unique gel-like colony forming bacterium Novosphingobium pituita sp. nov., isolated from a membrane bioreactor (MBR) treating sewage
Ikarashi, T., Bandaranayake, U. S., Watari, T., et al. (2024) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e38795 · Cited by 6
“For respiratory quinone analysis, total cellular lipids were extracted from freeze-dried cells using the Bligh-Dyer method [27], and quinones were separated and purified using a Sep-Pak plus silica column (Waters), followed by analysis using an ACUITY UPLC H-Class system (Waters).”
Omega-3 and unsaturated fatty acid enrichment of shrimp oil: Preparation, characterization, and its application in salad dressings
Gautam, A. R., Junarto, A. W., Benjakul, S., et al. (2024) · LWT · doi:10.1016/j.lwt.2024.116993 · Cited by 6
Optimization of solid-state fermented corn distillers dried grains with solubles: effects on growth performance and tissue morphology in broiler chickens
Peng, Y., Wang, M., Zheng, Z., et al. (2024) · Frontiers in Animal Science · doi:10.3389/fanim.2024.1459552 · Cited by 6
Phycoremediation of rice bran oil processing wastewater and biodiesel production using green microalgae, Scenedesmus obliquus: a green approach to environmental protection and remediation
Roy, H. P., Eldiehy, K. S. H., & Deka, D. (2024) · Environmental Science and Pollution Research · doi:10.1007/s11356-024-35599-3 · Cited by 6
“Extraction of lipids was carried out using Bligh and Dyer’s method (Bligh and Dyer 1959).”
Unveiling the chemical and behavioural ecology of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst, 1797) in wheat flour: Alterations in flour metabolic content and the role of chemical cues in modulating beetles' behaviour and regulating population growth
Das, S., Manna, S., Chatterjee, O., Saha, R., & Sarkar, O. J. (2024) · Journal of Stored Products Research · doi:10.1016/j.jspr.2024.102483 · Cited by 7
Role of lipid binding protein, Niemann pick type C-2, in enhancing shrimp sperm physiological function
Khongkha, T., Rattanadechakul, A., Surinlert, P., et al. (2024) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e41341 · Cited by 6
“The treated sperm were subjected to lipid extraction using a method described by Bligh and Dyer (1959) [18].”
Effect of Short‐Term Stress and Interaction of Salinity and Ammonia‐N Levels, Associated With Food Deprivation on Fatty Acid Profile and Body Composition in Nile Tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus )
Ebrahimi, E., Motamedi-Tehrani, J., & Peyghan, R. (2025) · Aquaculture Nutrition · doi:10.1155/anu/8840365 · Cited by 6
“The method developed by Bligh and Dyer [57] was employed for the identi ﬁ cation of fatty acids via the oil extraction process.”
Use of dairy sludge for biodiesel production and soil amendment
Abeysinghe, S. S., Jeong, W., Kwon, E. E., et al. (2025) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2025.144731 · Cited by 6
Poultry litter extract as solid waste supplement for enhanced microalgal biomass production and wastewater treatment
Kashyap, S., Das, N., Kumar, M., Mishra, S., Kumar, S., & Nayak, M. (2025) · Environmental Science and Pollution Research · doi:10.1007/s11356-025-35900-y · Cited by 8
“Using a modified version of Bligh and Dyer’s method, dry algal biomass was extracted for its total lipid content (Bligh and Dyer 1959).”
Amino acid profile and nutritional quality parameters of small brown snail (Cornu aspersum aspersum) edible parts protein from commercial production in field pens
Surówka, K., Ligaszewski, M., Szymczyk, B., et al. (2025) · Journal of Food Composition and Analysis · doi:10.1016/j.jfca.2025.107221 · Cited by 6
Impact of açaí oil and guar gum-based emulsion gel on goat burger quality: Technological, sensory, and fatty acid profile
Sodré, L. W. D. B., da Silva, L. R., da Silva, N. M., et al. (2025) · Meat Science · doi:10.1016/j.meatsci.2025.109823 · Cited by 6
Bacterial Solvent Responses and Tolerance: Cis–Trans Isomerization
Heipieper, H. J., & Hachicho, N. (2014) · Springer protocols handbooks/Springer protocols · doi:10.1007/8623_2014_16 · Cited by 6
Unraveling the effects of live microalgal enrichment on Artemia nauplii
Vikas, P. A., Chakraborty, K., Kumar, N. K., Thomas, P. C., Sanil, N. K., & Vijayan, K. K. (2012) · Indian Journal of Fisheries · Cited by 6
Effects of Deep Seawater Acclimation on Components and Texture of the Muscle of Red Sea Bream
Inoue, K., Morioka, K., Shioya, I., et al. (1998) · Fisheries Science · doi:10.2331/fishsci.64.804 · Cited by 6
Lateral Diffusion, Function, and Expression of the Slow Channel Congenital Myasthenia Syndrome αC418W Nicotinic Receptor Mutation with Changes in Lipid Raft Components
Oyola-Cintrón, J., Caballero‐Rivera, D., Ballester, L. Y., Báez-Pagán, C. A., Martínez, H. L., Vélez-Arroyo, K. P., Quesada, O., & Lasalde‐Dominicci, J. A. (2015) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m115.678573 · Cited by 7
Effects of non-thermal plasma on the electrical properties of an erythrocyte membrane
Lee, J. Y., Baik, K. Y., Kim, T. S., Lim, J., Uhm, H. S., & Choi, E. H. (2015) · Applied Physics Letters · doi:10.1063/1.4930872 · Cited by 6
Urbanised beaches of the Ligurian coastal area (NW Mediterranean): A classification based on organic-matter characteristics and hydrolytic enzymatic activities
Misic, C., & Harriague, A. C. (2013) · Marine Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.marenvres.2013.04.002 · Cited by 6
The interaction of boron with glycolipids is required to increase tolerance to stresses in Anabaena PCC 7120
Abreu, I., Orús, M. I., Bolaños, L., & Bonilla, I. (2014) · Phytochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.phytochem.2014.07.017 · Cited by 6
Development of an Automated Multi‐Injection Shotgun Lipidomics Approach Using a Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometer
Bowden, J. A., Bangma, J. T., & Kucklick, J. R. (2014) · Lipids · doi:10.1007/s11745-014-3903-x · Cited by 10
Comparative analysis of crystallins and lipids from the lens of Antarctic toothfish and cow
Kiss, A. J., DeVries, A. L., & Morgan‐Kiss, R. M. (2010) · Journal of Comparative Physiology B · doi:10.1007/s00360-010-0475-9 · Cited by 6
Linking Environmental Forcing and Trophic Supply to Benthic Communities in the Vercelli Seamount Area (Tyrrhenian Sea)
Harriague, A. C., Bavestrello, G., Bo, M., et al. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0110880 · Cited by 6
Lipids and fatty acids from Ulva intestinalis from estuaries of the Caspian basin (Elton Region)
Розенцвет, О. А., & Nesterov, V. N. (2012) · Chemistry of Natural Compounds · doi:10.1007/s10600-012-0305-2 · Cited by 6
LC–ESI–QTOF–MS, MS/MS Analysis of Glycerophospholipid Species in Three Tunisian Pistacia lentiscus Fruit Populations
Trabelsi, H., Renaud, J. B., Herchi, W., et al. (2013) · Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society · doi:10.1007/s11746-013-2203-6 · Cited by 6
Fatty acid profile during the differentiation and infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis of mononuclear phagocytes of patients with TB and healthy individuals
Ramirez-Agudelo, M. E., Caro, A. C., Jaramillo, C. A. P., & Rojas, M. (2011) · Cellular Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.cellimm.2011.04.009 · Cited by 6
Quality of Six Indian Populations ofArtemia franciscanafor Larval Finfish Culture
Vikas, P. A., Chakraborty, K., Sajeshkumar, N. K., et al. (2014) · Journal of Applied Aquaculture · doi:10.1080/10454438.2014.942124 · Cited by 6
Lipid characterization of an arachidonic acid-rich oil producing fungus Mortierella alpina
Wu, W., Yan, J., Ji, X., et al. (2015) · Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.cjche.2015.04.015 · Cited by 6
Long-term biopermanence of ceramides, cholesteryl esters, and ether-linked triglycerides with very-long-chain PUFA in the cadmium-damaged testis
Zanetti, S. R., & Aveldaño, M. I. (2013) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids · doi:10.1016/j.bbalip.2013.09.014 · Cited by 6

Authors: Bligh, E. G., & Dyer, W. J.
Venue: Canadian Journal of Biochemistry and Physiology
Publisher: Canadian Science Publishing
Published: 1959-08-01
Volume: 37
Issue: 8
Pages: 911-917
ISSN: 0576-5544 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1139/o59-099
OpenAlex: W2152311269
Cited by: 54,751
References: 5
Citations by year: 2026: 1149 · 2025: 1534 · 2024: 1685 · 2023: 1749 · 2022: 1802 · 2021: 2073 · 2020: 2152 · 2019: 1870 · 2018: 1737 · 2017: 1784 · 2016: 1780 · 2015: 1800 · 2014: 1786 · 2013: 1758 · 2012: 1551
FWCI: 8.73
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.nrcresearchpress.com/page/about/CorporateTextAndDataMining (tdm)
Locations: Canadian Journal of Biochemistry and Physiology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Lipid metabolism and biosynthesis
Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Organic Chemistry › Edible Oils Quality and Analysis
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Food Nutrient Composition and Product Development
Keywords: lipid extraction, lipid purification, chloroform-methanol extraction, frozen fish, lipid degradation, fish muscle, tissue homogenization, rapid extraction method
MeSH terms: Fishes, Lipids

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A RAPID METHOD OF TOTAL LIPID EXTRACTION AND PURIFICATION

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