Imagined Connectivities: Synthesized Conceptions of Public Wi-Fi in Urban India
Open accessAbstract
India and other economies in the Global South are undergoing a proliferation in public Wi-Fi, with large-scale deployments from industry and government. In this paper, we report on a qualitative study on public Wi-Fi conceptions as held by urban Indians, textit{a priori} to connecting to a network. Our findings show that prior public Wi-Fi users and non-users alike raised a surprising range and depth of conceptions---ranging from suspicion of operators' intentions to monetize, to concerns about sexual image morphing, to fears of phone wipeouts, to aspiration---which were informed by popular media, BlueTooth cultures, and social learning. We found these conceptions of Wi-Fi networks to significantly influence adoption of public Wi-Fi. With enormous investments in public Wi-Fi initiatives, we call for network providers to address these deep conceptions among emerging users; by suggesting ways to build public awareness, better user experiences, and business model innovation.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Language can correspond to religion, class, ethnicity, and caste in India, and many AI systems serve in English, which only 10% of Indians understand.
“• Language: Language can correspond to religion, class, ethnicity, and caste.Many AI systems serve in English, which only 10% of Indians understand [174].”
From Re-imagining Algorithmic Fairness in India and Beyond (2021) · cites this paper as [174]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Imagined Communities. Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism
Reid, A. J. S. (1985) · Pacific Affairs · doi:10.2307/2759245 · Cited by 25,963 · see citing works
A General Inductive Approach for Analyzing Qualitative Evaluation Data
Thomas, D. R. (2006) · American Journal of Evaluation · doi:10.1177/1098214005283748 · Cited by 10,858 · see citing works
Swyngedouw, E. A., & Lefebvre, H. (1992) · Economic Geography · doi:10.2307/144191 · Cited by 9,666 · see citing works
The Politics and Poetics of Infrastructure
Larkin, B. (2013) · Annual Review of Anthropology · doi:10.1146/annurev-anthro-092412-155522 · Cited by 4,095 · see citing works
Imagined communities: Reflections on the origin and spread of nationalism
Morris, C. W. (1995) · History of European Ideas · doi:10.1016/0191-6599(95)90485-9 · Cited by 2,212 · see citing works
The Internet : An Ethnographic Approach
Chevalier, S. (2000) · Bloomsbury Academic eBooks · doi:10.5040/9781474215701 · Cited by 1,793 · see citing works
When Innovations Meet Institutions: Edison and the Design of the Electric Light
Hargadon, A. B., & Douglas, Y. (2001) · Administrative Science Quarterly · doi:10.2307/3094872 · Cited by 1,381 · see citing works
DakNet: rethinking connectivity in developing nations
(2004) · doi:10.1109/mc.2004.1260729 · Cited by 800 · see citing works
Zero as a Special Price: The True Value of Free Products
Shampanier, K., Mazar, N., & Ariely, D. (2007) · Marketing Science · doi:10.1287/mksc.1060.0254 · Cited by 613 · see citing works
Spectral Housing and Urban Cleansing: Notes on Millennial Mumbai
Appadurai, A. (2000) · Public Culture · doi:10.1215/08992363-12-3-627 · Cited by 586 · see citing works
Folk models of home computer security
Wash, R. (2010) · Symposium On Usable Privacy and Security · doi:10.1145/1837110.1837125 · Cited by 364 · see citing works
Measuring user confidence in smartphone security and privacy
Chin, E., Felt, A. P., Sekar, V., & Wagner, D. (2012) · Proceedings of the Eighth Symposium on Usable Privacy and Security · doi:10.1145/2335356.2335358 · Cited by 347 · see citing works
Chalmers, M., & Galani, A. (2004) · Designing Interactive Systems Conference · doi:10.1145/1013115.1013149 · Cited by 315 · see citing works
Dourish, P., & Bell, G. (2007) · Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design · doi:10.1068/b32035t · Cited by 268 · see citing works
Malinowski, B. (1926) · University of Michigan Library Repository · Cited by 268 · see citing works
Driberg, J. H., & Malinowski, B. (1927) · Economica · doi:10.2307/2548371 · Cited by 262 · see citing works
Dimond, J. P., Dye, M., Larose, D., & Bruckman, A. S. (2013) · ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) · doi:10.1145/2441776.2441831 · Cited by 250 · see citing works
Intermediated technology use in developing communities
Sambasivan, N., Cutrell, E., Toyama, K., & Nardi, B. (2010) · Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/1753326.1753718 · Cited by 236 · see citing works
Self-citationValberg, P. A., van Deventer, T. E., & Repacholi, M. H. (2006) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.9633 · Cited by 222 · see citing works
The Seven Flaws of Identity Management: Usability and Security Challenges
Dhamija, R., & Dusseault, L. (2008) · IEEE Security & Privacy · doi:10.1109/msp.2008.49 · Cited by 175 · see citing works
Ahmed, S. I., Jackson, S. J., Ahmed, N., Ferdous, H. S., Rifat, M. R., Rizvi, A. S. M., Ahmed, S., & Mansur, R. S. (2014) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/2556288.2557376 · Cited by 152 · see citing works
After Access: Inclusion, Development, and a More Mobile Internet
Donner, J. (2015) · Cited by 136 · see citing works
Cellular Phones, Public Fears, and a Culture of Precaution
Burgess, A. (2003) · Kent Academic Repository (University of Kent) · Cited by 134 · see citing works
Where there's a will there's a way: mobile media sharing in urban india
Smyth, T. N., Kumar, S., Medhi, I., & Toyama, K. (2010) · Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/1753326.1753436 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Usage Patterns in an Urban WiFi Network
Afanasyev, M., Chen, T., Voelker, G. M., et al. (2010) · IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking · doi:10.1109/tnet.2010.2040087 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
"When I am on Wi-Fi, I am fearless"
Klasnja, P., Consolvo, S., Jung, J., Greenstein, B. M., LeGrand, L., Powledge, P. S., & Wetherall, D. J. (2009) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/1518701.1519004 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Wyche, S. P., Smyth, T. N., Chetty, M., Aoki, P. M., & Grinter, R. E. (2010) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/1753326.1753719 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Self-citationBanalities Turned Viral: Narendra Modi and the Political Tweet
Pal, J. (2015) · Television & New Media · doi:10.1177/1527476415573956 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Building wireless community networks
Flickenger, R. (2001) · CERN Document Server (European Organization for Nuclear Research) · Cited by 73 · see citing works
The Politics of Adulation: Cinema and the Production of Politicians in South India
Dickey, S. (1993) · The Journal of Asian Studies · doi:10.2307/2059651 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Cutting Chai, Jugaad, and Here Pheri: towards UbiComp for a global community
Rangaswamy, N., & Sambasivan, N. (2011) · Personal and Ubiquitous Computing · doi:10.1007/s00779-010-0349-x · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Self-citationWiFi Geographies: When Code Meets Place
Forlano, L. (2009) · The Information Society · doi:10.1080/01972240903213076 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Living for the Global City: Mobile Kits, Urban Interfaces, and Ubicomp
Mainwaring, S. D., Anderson, K., & Chang, M. F. (2005) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/11551201_16 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Mackenzie, A. (2005) · Space and Culture · doi:10.1177/1206331205277464 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Cellular Phones, Public Fears, and a Culture of Precaution
Linders, A. (2005) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.1177/009430610503400232 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
An Exploratory Study of How Older Women Use Mobile Phones
Kurniawan, S. (2006) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/11853565_7 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Social Media in Southeast Turkey
Costa, E. (2016) · UCL Press eBooks · doi:10.2307/j.ctt1g69z14 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
A mixed-methods study of mobile users' data usage practices in South Africa
Mathur, A., Schlotfeldt, B., & Chetty, M. (2015) · ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing (UbiComp) · doi:10.1145/2750858.2804292 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Locating the Internet in the Parks of Havana
Dye, M., Nemer, D., Pina, L. R., et al. (2017) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3025453.3025728 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Exploring Internet Security Perceptions and Practices in Urban Ghana
Chen, J., Paik, M., & McCabe, K. (2014) · Symposium On Usable Privacy and Security · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Wyche, S. P., Densmore, M., & Geyer, B. S. (2015) · International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies and Development (ICTD) · doi:10.1145/2737856.2738013 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
A gift from the city: mobile phones in rural China
Oreglia, E., & Kaye, J. (2012) · Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work · doi:10.1145/2145204.2145228 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Garrod, K. (1998) · IEE Review · doi:10.1049/ir:19980109 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Of Coffee Shops and Parking Lots: Considering Matters of Space and Place in the Use of Public Wi-Fi
Sanusi, A., & Palen, L. A. (2007) · Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) · doi:10.1007/s10606-007-9062-3 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Baig, R., Roca, R., Navarro, L., et al. (2015) · International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies and Development (ICTD) · doi:10.1145/2737856.2737900 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Building Wireless Community Community Networks
Flickenger, R. (2003) · O'Reilly & Associates, Inc. eBooks · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Chale, how much it cost to browse?
Sambasivan, N., Lee, P. C. K., Hecht, G., Aoki, P. M., Carrera, M.-I., Chen, J., Cohn, D. A., Kruskall, P., Wetchler, E., Youssefmir, M., et al. (2013) · International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies and Development (ICTD) · doi:10.1145/2516604.2516607 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Self-citationReducing Chrоniс Pain After Surgеrу
Singh, R. (2016) · Science Insights Medicine · doi:10.15354/sim.16.co022 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
After Access: Inclusion, Development, and a More Mobile Internet
Haenssgen, M. J. (2017) · Journal of Human Development and Capabilities · doi:10.1080/19452829.2017.1284950 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Not The Internet, but This Internet: How Othernets Illuminate Our Feudal Internet
Dourish, P. (2015) · Aarhus Series on Human Centered Computing · doi:10.7146/aahcc.v1i1.21200 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Burrell, J. (2012) · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199664054.003.0016 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Sambasivan, N., Azad, G., Aoki, P. M., & Mitra, S. S. (2016) · International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies and Development (ICTD) · doi:10.1145/2909609.2909651 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Self-citationCommunity and Social Interaction in the Wireless City
Hampton, K. N., & Gupta, N. (2013) · Palgrave Macmillan eBooks · doi:10.1057/9781137275936.0012 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 9
- Syed Ishtiaque Ahmed, Steven J Jackson, Nova Ahmed, and others. 2014. Protibadi: A platform for fighting sexual harassment in urban Bangladesh. In CHI. ACM, 2695-2704.
- Arjun Appadurai. 1996. Modernity at Large. Univ. Minnesota Press.
- Jill P Dimond, Michaelanne Dye, Daphne LaRose, and Amy S Bruckman. 2013. Hollaback!: The role of storytelling online in a social movement organization. In CSCW. 477-490.
- Paul Dourish and Genevieve Bell. 2007. The infrastructure of experience and the experience of infrastructure. Environ. Plan. B 34, 3 (2007), 414-430.
- IT. 2008. IT amendment act. . (July 2008). Technology Use Around the Globe CHI 2017, May 6-11, 2017, Denver, CO, USA
- Anandam Kavoori and Kalyani Chadha. 2006. The cell phone as a cultural technology: Lessons from the Indian case. In The Cell Phone Reader, Anandam Kavoori and Noah Arceneaux (Eds.). Peter Lang, 227-239.
- Scott D Mainwaring, Michele F Chang, and Ken Anderson. 2004. Infrastructures and their discontents. In UbiComp. Springer, 418-432.
- Tony Salvador, Genevieve Bell, and Ken Anderson. 1999. Design ethnography. Des. Manage. Rev. 10, 4 (1999), 35-41.
- Debra Spitulnik. 2002. Rethinking reception through Zambian radio culture. In Media worlds, Faye D. Ginsburg, Lila Abu-Lughod, and Brian Larkin (Eds.). Univ. Calif. Press, 337-354.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Re-imagining Algorithmic Fairness in India and Beyond
Sambasivan, N., Arnesen, E., Hutchinson, B., Doshi, T., & Prabhakaran, V. (2021) · Proceedings of the 2021 ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency · doi:10.1145/3442188.3445896 · Cited by 228 · see citing works
“Researchers have pointed to the aspirational role played by technology in India, signifying symbolic meanings of modernity and progress via technocracy [149, 150, 176].”
BackgroundSelf-citation
- Authors
- Sambasivan, N., & Aoki, P. M.
- Affiliations
- Google (United States) (US)
- Venue
- Proceedings of the 2017 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
- Publisher
- ACM
- Published
- 2017-05-02
- Pages
- 5917-5928
- OpenAlex
- W2611118925
- Cited by
- 10
- References
- 53
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 2.30
- Type
- conference paper
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- AHRC Knowledge Exchange Hub for the Creative Economy (AH/J005150/1)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Media Technology › ICT Impact and Policies
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Information Systems and Management › Technology Adoption and User Behaviour
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Information Systems › ICT in Developing Communities
- Keywords
- public Wi-Fi, technology adoption, urban Indians, Global South, social learning, popular media, business model innovation, public awareness, user experience
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review