The DOI matches its Crossref record; 25 of the 25 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The use of AI in public services: results from a preliminary mapping across the EU
Abstract
Artificial Intelligence is a new set of technologies which has grasped the attention of many in society due to its potential. These technologies could also provide great benefits to public administrations when adopted. This paper acts as a first landscaping analysis to indicate, classify and understand current AI-implementations in public services. By conducting a desk research based on available documents describing AI projects, 85 AI applications in the public sector in selected European countries have been identified and reviewed. The preliminary analysis suggests that most AI initiatives are started with efficiency goals in mind, and they occur mainly in the general public service policy area. Findings of this preliminary landscape analysis set the basis for further more in depth research and recommendations for policy.
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“notably, this concept aligns with a long-standing tripartite classification of ai development.”
From Reflections on the data protection compliance of AI systems under the EU AI Act (2025) · cites this paper as misuraca & van noordt, 2020
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“this phenomenon arises when the causal link between input and output becomes opaque to external observers.”
From Reflections on the data protection compliance of AI systems under the EU AI Act (2025) · cites this paper as misuraca & van noordt, 2020
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“while the input data and the generated output are identifiable, the cause-and-effect relationship between the two-why a particular result was reached based on given data-often remains inaccessible or extremely difficult to reconstruct (misuraca & van noordt, 2020).”
From Reflections on the data protection compliance of AI systems under the EU AI Act (2025) · cites this paper as misuraca & van noordt, 2020
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“AI systems could also bring about harm due to various other reasons, such as inadequate design, reliance on biased data or the application thereof for an illegitimate purpose.”
From Towards eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) in Tax Law: The Need for a Minimum Legal Standard (2022) · cites this paper as [52]
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Enabling AI capabilities in government agencies: A study of determinants for European municipalities
Mikalef, P., Lemmer, K., Schaefer, C., Ylinen, M., Fjørtoft, S. O., Torvatn, H. Y., Gupta, M., & Niehaves, B. (2022) · Government Information Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.giq.2021.101596 · Cited by 240
Artificial Intelligence in the Public Sector - a Research Agenda
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Ulbricht, L., & Yeung, K. (2021) · Regulation & Governance · doi:10.1111/rego.12437 · Cited by 125
Supporting Artificial Social Intelligence With Theory of Mind
Williams, J., Fiore, S. M., & Jentsch, F. G. (2022) · Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence · doi:10.3389/frai.2022.750763 · Cited by 127
An attention-based view of AI assimilation in public sector organizations: The case of Saudi Arabia
Alshahrani, A., Dennehy, D., & Mäntymäki, M. (2022) · Government Information Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.giq.2021.101617 · Cited by 106
Metadata
- Authors
- Misuraca, G., van Noordt, C., & Boukli, A.
- Affiliations
- European Commission (BE)
- Tallinn University of Technology, Estonia
- Digital Partners, Switzerland
- ORCID
- Misuraca, Gianluca
- Venue
- Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Theory and Practice of Electronic Governance
- Publisher
- ACM
- Published
- 2020-09-23
- Pages
- 90-99
- OpenAlex
- W3097495658
- Cited by
- 108
- References
- 24
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 2
- FWCI
- 54.28
- Type
- conference paper
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- International Conference on Theory and Practice of Electronic Governance (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Political Science and International Relations › E-Government and Public Services
- Social Sciences › Urban Studies › Smart Cities and Technologies
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Artificial Intelligence Applications
- Keywords
- artificial intelligence, public services, public administration, AI implementation, European countries, AI projects, technology adoption
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