The DOI matches its Crossref record; 126 of the 127 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Social Anxiety and Social Anxiety Disorder
Abstract
Research on social anxiety and social anxiety disorder has proliferated over the years since the explication of the disorder through cognitive-behavioral models. This review highlights a recently updated model from our group and details recent research stemming from the (a) information processing perspective, including attention bias, interpretation bias, implicit associations, imagery and visual memories, and (b) emotion regulation perspective, including positive emotionality and anger. In addition, we review recent studies exploring the roles of self-focused attention, safety behaviors, and post-event processing in the maintenance of social anxiety. Within each area, we detail the ways in which these topics have implications for the treatment of social anxiety and for future research. Finally, we conclude with a discussion of how several of the areas reviewed contribute to our model of social anxiety disorder.
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In the citing paper
“SA symptoms are particularly contextually bound, and thus, it is of utmost relevance to consider the sensitivity of the context [2].”
From Studies of Social Anxiety Using Ambulatory Assessment: Systematic Review (2024) · cites this paper as [2]
In the citing paper
“SAD is a heterogeneous clinical condition that usually entails high levels of dysfunction in the lives of people who experience it. This heterogeneous nature of SAD is marked by the dynamic deployment of cognitions, emotions, and behaviors in the interaction with others and in different contexts [2].”
From Studies of Social Anxiety Using Ambulatory Assessment: Systematic Review (2024) · cites this paper as [2]
In the citing paper
“The most cited models of emergence of social anxiety experience and etiology of SAD are connoted as ‘cognitive’ and present social anxiety as a product of a specific type of attention, stimuli interpretation, or both [9,10,11].”
From Shame or What Makes Irrational Social Anxiety Rational. (2025) · cites this paper as [11]
Citations
Cites
The emerging field of emotion regulation: an integrative review
Gross, J. J. (1998) · Review of General Psychology · doi:10.1037/1089-2680.2.3.271 · Cited by 9,916
Measuring individual differences in implicit cognition: the implicit association test
Greenwald, A. G., McGhee, D. E., & Schwartz, J. L. K. (1998) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.74.6.1464 · Cited by 9,210
Anxiety and cognitive performance: Attentional control theory
Eysenck, M. W., Derakshan, N., Santos, R., & Calvo, M. G. (2007) · Emotion · doi:10.1037/1528-3542.7.2.336 · Cited by 5,289
Threat-related attentional bias in anxious and nonanxious individuals: a meta-analytic study.
Bar-Haim, Y., Lamy, D., Pergamin, L., Bakermans-Kranenburg, M. J., & van IJzendoorn, M. H. (2007) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.133.1.1 · Cited by 3,721
A cognitive-behavioral model of anxiety in social phobia
Rapee, R. M., & Heimberg, R. G. (1997) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/s0005-7967(97)00022-3 · Cited by 2,987
Self-citationA cognitive model of social phobia
Adrian Wells, A. (1995) · Research Explorer (The University of Manchester) · Cited by 2,701
Diener, E., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2002) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/1467-9280.00415 · Cited by 2,508
The social consequences of expressive suppression
Butler, E. A., Egloff, B., Wlhelm, F. H., Smith, N. C., Erickson, E. A., & Gross, J. J. (2003) · Emotion · doi:10.1037/1528-3542.3.1.48 · Cited by 1,400
Brown, T. A., Chorpita, B. F., & Barlow, D. H. (1998) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037//0021-843x.107.2.179 · Cited by 1,400
Social phobia: Diagnosis, assessment, and treatment
Franklin, M. E. (1996) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/s0272-7358(96)00036-0 · Cited by 1,389
Research works printed but not linked: 4
- Glick DM, 2011, J. Cogn. Behav. Psychother., 11, 1
- 10.1037//0021-843X.109.4.705 · DOI · Paper page
- Morrison AS, 2012, Guilford Handbook of Cognition and Emotion
- Spielberger CD, 1988, Manual for the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Dryman, M. T., & Heimberg, R. G. (2018) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2018.07.004 · Cited by 554
Self-citationSocial anxiety disorder and stuttering: current status and future directions.
Iverach, L., & Rapee, R. M. (2014) · Journal of Fluency Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jfludis.2013.08.003 · Cited by 337
Attention bias modification for social anxiety: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Heeren, A., Mogoașe, C., Philippot, P., & McNally, R. J. (2015) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2015.06.001 · Cited by 312
Wong, Q. J. J., & Rapee, R. M. (2016) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2016.05.069 · Cited by 277
“Over the last 20 years, a number of reviews of risk factors for SAD along with theories about their interrelationships have been published (e.g., Morrison and Heimberg, 2013; Higa-McMillan and Ebesutani, 2011; Kimbrel, 2008; Ollendick and Benoit, 2012; Wong Table 1 Systematic search results: models…”
BackgroundInterpretation bias in social anxiety: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Chen, J., Short, M. A., & Kemps, E. (2020) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2020.07.121 · Cited by 233
Metadata
- Authors
- Morrison, A. S., & Heimberg, R. G.
- Affiliations
- Temple University (US)
- Venue
- Annual Review of Clinical Psychology
- Publisher
- Annual Reviews
- Published
- 2013-03-28
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 249-274
- ISSN
- 1548-5943 (ISSN-L)
- 1548-5951
- OpenAlex
- W2147509803
- Cited by
- 480
- References
- 127
- Citations by year
- 2026: 54 · 2025: 71 · 2024: 80 · 2023: 61 · 2022: 39 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 26 · 2019: 22 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 24 · 2015: 21 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 3
- FWCI
- 3.53
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Annual Review of Clinical Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychological Treatments and Assessments
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Keywords
- social anxiety, social anxiety disorder, cognitive-behavioral model, attentional bias, interpretation bias, implicit associations, imagery, visual memory, positive affectivity, anger, self-focus, safety behavior, post-event processing, social anxiety treatment
- MeSH terms
- Attention, Emotions, Humans, Models, Psychological, Phobic Disorders, Self Concept
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