The DOI matches its Crossref record; 134 of the 135 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Management of Insect Pests with Bt Crops in the United States
Open accessAbstract
Genetically engineered corn and cotton that produce insecticidal toxins derived from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) have been used to manage insect pests in the United States and elsewhere. In some cases, this has led to regional suppression of pest populations and pest eradication within the United States, and these outcomes were associated with reductions in conventional insecticides and increased profits for farmers. In other instances, pests evolved resistance to multiple Bt traits, compromising the capacity of Bt crops to manage pests and leading to increased feeding injury to crops in the field. Several aspects of pest biology and pest–crop interactions were associated with cases where pests remained susceptible versus instances where pests evolved resistance. The viability of future transgenic traits can be improved by learning from these past outcomes. In particular, efforts should be made to delay resistance by increasing the prevalence of refuges and using integrated pest management.
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“Following the adoption of Bt crops, reductions in insecticide use have generally led to positive environmental and human health outcomes for farmers, farm workers, and consumers ( 57 , 70 ).”
From Environmental impacts of genetically modified crops (2024) · cites this paper as [57]
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Cites
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Self-citation
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Crop pest responses to global changes in climate and land management
Ma, C., Wang, B., Wang, X., Lin, Q., Zhang, W., Yang, X., van Baaren, J., Bebber, D. P., Eigenbrode, S. D., Zalucki, M. P., et al. (2025) · Nature Reviews Earth & Environment · doi:10.1038/s43017-025-00652-3 · Cited by 160
Environmental impacts of genetically modified crops
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Naggar, Y. A., Fahmy, N. M., Alkhaibari, A. M., Al-Akeel, R. K., Alharbi, H. M., Mohamed, A. A., Eleftherianos, I., El-Seedi, H. R., Giesy, J. P., & Alharbi, H. A. (2025) · Toxics · doi:10.3390/toxics13080681 · Cited by 68
Mode of action of Bacillus thuringiensis Cry pesticidal proteins
Bravo, A., Pacheco, S., Gómez, I., & Soberón, M. (2023) · Advances in insect physiology · doi:10.1016/bs.aiip.2023.09.003 · Cited by 44
Dively, G. P., Kuhar, T. P., Taylor, S., Doughty, H. B., Holmstrom, K., Gilrein, D. O., Nault, B. A., Ingerson-Mahar, J., Huseth, A. S., Reisig, D. D., et al. (2023) · Insects · doi:10.3390/insects14070577 · Cited by 42
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Gassmann, A. J., & Reisig, D. D.
- Affiliations
- Iowa State University (US)
- North Carolina State University (US)
- Venue
- Annual Review of Entomology
- Publisher
- Annual Reviews
- Published
- 2023-01-23
- Volume
- 68
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 31-49
- ISSN
- 0066-4170 (ISSN-L)
- 1545-4487
- OpenAlex
- W4297516574
- Cited by
- 130
- References
- 135
- Citations by year
- 2026: 29 · 2025: 38 · 2024: 35 · 2023: 25
- FWCI
- 2.63
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- Annual Review of Entomology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Iowa State University Digital Repository (Iowa State University) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Insect Resistance and Genetics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Genetically Modified Organisms Research
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Insect Science › Insect-Plant Interactions and Control
- Keywords
- Bt crops, insect pest management, insecticide resistance, resistance management, refuge, integrated pest management, genetically modified crops, pest eradication, feeding injury, pest biology, United States
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacterial Proteins, Endotoxins, Hemolysin Proteins, Insecticide Resistance, Insecta, Moths, Pest Control, Biological, United States, Crops, Agricultural, Plants, Genetically Modified
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