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Emerging Genetic Therapy for Sickle Cell Disease
Open accessAbstract
The genetic basis of sickle cell disease (SCD) was elucidated >60 years ago, yet current therapy does not rely on this knowledge. Recent advances raise prospects for improved, and perhaps curative, treatment. First, transcription factors, BCL11A and LRF/ZBTB7A, that mediate silencing of the β-like fetal (γ-) globin gene after birth have been identified and demonstrated to act at the γ-globin promoters, precisely at recognition sequences disrupted in rare individuals with hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin. Second, transformative advances in gene editing and progress in lentiviral gene therapy provide diverse opportunities for genetic strategies to cure SCD. Approaches include hematopoietic gene therapy by globin gene addition, gene editing to correct the SCD mutation, and genetic manipulations to enhance fetal hemoglobin production, a potent modifier of the clinical phenotype. Clinical trials may soon identify efficacious and safe genetic approaches to the ultimate goal of cure for SCD.
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Metadata
- Authors
- Orkin, S. H., & Bauer, D. E.
- Affiliations
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
- Harvard University (US)
- Venue
- Annual Review of Medicine
- Publisher
- Annual Reviews
- Published
- 2019-01-27
- Volume
- 70
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 257-271
- ISSN
- 0066-4219 (ISSN-L)
- 1545-326X
- OpenAlex
- W2898389119
- Cited by
- 119
- References
- 77
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 28 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 15
- FWCI
- 2.33
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Annual Review of Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (DP2OD022716, P01HL032262, R01HL032259, U01HL117720)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R03DK109232, DP2OD022716)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Genetics (clinical) › Hemoglobinopathies and Related Disorders
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Virus-based gene therapy research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Hemoglobin structure and function
- Keywords
- sickle cell disease, gene therapy, fetal hemoglobin, BCL11A, hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin, genome editing, lentiviral gene therapy, transcription factors
- MeSH terms
- Gene Editing, Anemia, Sickle Cell, DNA-Binding Proteins, Female, Forecasting, Humans, Male, Mutation, Repressor Proteins, Transcription Factors, Genetic Therapy, Genetic Predisposition to Disease
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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