Direct promoter repression by BCL11A controls the fetal to adult hemoglobin switch
Open accessAbstract
Fetal hemoglobin (HbF, α2γ2) level is genetically controlled and modifies severity of adult hemoglobin (HbA, α2β2) disorders, sickle cell disease and β-thalassemia. Common genetic variation affects expression of BCL11A, a regulator of HbF silencing. To uncover how BCL11A supports the developmental switch from γ- to β- globin, we use a functional assay and protein binding microarray to establish a requirement for a zinc-finger cluster in BCL11A in repression, and identify a preferred DNA recognition sequence. This motif appears in embryonic and fetal-expressed globin promoters, and is duplicated in γ-globin promoters. The more distal of the duplicated motifs is mutated in individuals with hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin. Using the CUT&RUN approach to map protein binding sites in erythroid cells, we demonstrate BCL11A occupancy preferentially at the distal motif, which can be disrupted by editing the promoter. Our findings reveal that direct γ-globin gene promoter repression by BCL11A underlies hemoglobin switching.
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BCL11A binds TGACCA motifs in the HBB gene cluster, preferentially binding to position -115 in the HBG2 and HBG1 promoters.
“BCL11A binds TGACCA motifs in the HBB gene cluster, preferentially binding to position 2115 in the HBG2 and HBG1 promoters.20,21”
From Fetal hemoglobin in sickle cell anemia (2020) · cites this paper as [20]
Improved genomic methods helped identify previously unappreciated roles for the transcription factor BCL11A in silencing fetal γ-globin genes via direct occupancy of the γ-globin-encoding HBG1/2 gene promoters.
“For instance, these methods have helped to identify previously unappreciated roles for the TF BCL11A in silencing the expression of the fetal γ-globin genes via the direct occupancy of the γ-globin-encoding HBG1/2 gene promoters (Liu et al., 2018).”
From Unraveling Hematopoiesis through the Lens of Genomics (2020) · cites this paper as Liu et al., 2018
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Liu, N., Hargreaves, V. V., Zhu, Q., Kurland, J. V., Hong, J., Kim, W., Sher, F., Macias-Trevino, C., Rogers, J. M., Kurita, R., Nakamura, Y., Yuan, G.-C., Bauer, D. E., Xu, J., Bulyk, M. L., & Orkin, S. H.
- Affiliations
- Boston Children's Hospital (US)
- Harvard University (US)
- Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
- RIKEN BioResource Research Center (JP)
- Children's Medical Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Orkin, Stuart H.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Cell
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2018-04
- Volume
- 173
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 430-442.e17
- ISSN
- 0092-8674 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5889339
- OpenAlex
- W2795328021
- Semantic Scholar
- b871d83e05bff6a7470b25e7cd36781835136947
- Cited by
- 478
- References
- 68
- Citations by year
- 2026: 42 · 2025: 59 · 2024: 69 · 2023: 62 · 2022: 61 · 2021: 73 · 2020: 56 · 2019: 35 · 2018: 21
- FWCI
- 26.22
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Cell (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01 HL119099, R01 HL032259)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (K01 DK093543, R03 DK109232)
- National Human Genome Research Institute (HG003985I)
- Cooley's Anemia Foundation
- Doris Duke Charitable Foundation
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Genetics › Hemoglobinopathies and Related Disorders
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Hemoglobin structure and function
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
- Keywords
- BCL11A, fetal hemoglobin, hemoglobin switching, DNA recognition sequence, hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin, sickle cell disease, beta-thalassemia, erythroid cells, protein-DNA interactions, promoter editing, globin gene regulation
- MeSH terms
- Gene Editing, Base Sequence, Binding Sites, Carrier Proteins, Cell Line, Chromatin, Fetal Hemoglobin, Humans, Nuclear Proteins, Promoter Regions, Genetic, Repressor Proteins, Zinc Fingers, beta-Thalassemia, Protein Isoforms, Erythroid Cells, beta-Globins, gamma-Globins, Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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