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Accelerated Reaction Kinetics in Microdroplets: Overview and Recent Developments
Open accessAbstract
Various organic reactions, including important synthetic reactions involving C–C, C–N, and C–O bond formation as well as reactions of biomolecules, are accelerated when the reagents are present in sprayed or levitated microdroplets or in thin films. The reaction rates increase by orders of magnitude with decreasing droplet size or film thickness. The effect is associated with reactions at the solution–air interface. A key factor is partial solvation of the reagents at the interface, which reduces the critical energy for reaction. This phenomenon is of intrinsic interest and potentially of practical value as a simple, rapid method of performing small-scale synthesis.
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Metadata
- Authors
- Wei, Z., Li, Y., Cooks, R. G., & Yan, X.
- Affiliations
- Purdue University West Lafayette (US)
- Texas A&M University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Yan, Xin
- Venue
- Annual Review of Physical Chemistry
- Publisher
- Annual Reviews
- Published
- 2020-04-20
- Volume
- 71
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 31-51
- ISSN
- 0066-426X (ISSN-L)
- 1545-1593
- OpenAlex
- W3017097444
- Cited by
- 631
- References
- 122
- Citations by year
- 2026: 117 · 2025: 142 · 2024: 123 · 2023: 91 · 2022: 73 · 2021: 62 · 2020: 23
- FWCI
- 5.21
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Annual Review of Physical Chemistry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation (1905087)
- Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (1905087, W911NF-16-2-0020)
- Advanced Research Projects Agency
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Chemical Engineering › Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes › Innovative Microfluidic and Catalytic Techniques Innovation
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Spectroscopy › Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Computational Mechanics › Fluid Dynamics and Heat Transfer
- Keywords
- microdroplets, reaction kinetics, air/solution interface, levitated droplets, thin films, C–C bond formation, C–N bond formation, C–O bond formation, small-scale synthesis, reaction rate enhancement
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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