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Neurotransmitter Corelease: Mechanism and Physiological Role
Open accessAbstract
Neurotransmitter identity is a defining feature of all neurons because it constrains the type of information they convey, but many neurons release multiple transmitters. Although the physiological role for corelease has remained poorly understood, the vesicular uptake of one transmitter can regulate filling with the other by influencing expression of the H + electrochemical driving force. In addition, the sorting of vesicular neurotransmitter transporters and other synaptic vesicle proteins into different vesicle pools suggests the potential for distinct modes of release. Corelease thus serves multiple roles in synaptic transmission.
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“Although many of these neurotransmitter co-release patterns had been documented previously55–57”
From A high-resolution transcriptomic and spatial atlas of cell types in the whole mouse brain (2023) · cites this paper as [56]
In the citing paper
“This creates a pH gradient (DpH) and a vesicular membrane potential (DJ), both of which can power the uptake of neurotransmitters by vesicular transporters (Table 1).16”
From Synaptic and circuit functions of multitransmitter neurons in the mammalian brain (2023) · cites this paper as [16]
In the citing paper
“In multitransmitter neurons, where vesicular packaging of more than one neurotransmitter occurs, it is important to consider how vesicular transporters are differentially sensitive to intravesicular factors such as pH or membrane potential.16”
From Synaptic and circuit functions of multitransmitter neurons in the mammalian brain (2023) · cites this paper as [16]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Hnasko, T. S., & Edwards, R. H.
- Affiliations
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- Venue
- Annual Review of Physiology
- Publisher
- Annual Reviews
- Published
- 2012-03-17
- Volume
- 74
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 225-243
- ISSN
- 0066-4278 (ISSN-L)
- 1545-1585
- PMC
- PMC4090038
- OpenAlex
- W2136916973
- Cited by
- 284
- References
- 117
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 27 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 22 · 2017: 24 · 2016: 26 · 2015: 24 · 2014: 27 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 1.49
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Annual Review of Physiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH050712)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (K01DA026504)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Cellular transport and secretion
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Extracellular vesicles in disease
- Keywords
- synaptic vesicles, vesicular uptake, vesicle sorting, synaptic transmission, neurotransmitter identity
- MeSH terms
- Acetylcholine, Animals, Anions, Cations, Chlorides, gamma-Aminobutyric Acid, Humans, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Synaptic Transmission, Protons, Synaptic Vesicles, Biogenic Monoamines, Neurotransmitter Agents, Glutamic Acid, Vesicular Neurotransmitter Transport Proteins
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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