The DOI matches its Crossref record; 129 of the 129 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Tetraspanin Proteins Mediate Cellular Penetration, Invasion, and Fusion Events and Define a Novel Type of Membrane Microdomain
Abstract
▪ Abstract This review summarizes key aspects of tetraspanin proteins, with a focus on the functional relevance and structural features of these proteins and how they are organized into a novel type of membrane microdomain. Despite the size of the tetraspanin family and their abundance and wide distribution over many cell types, most have not been studied. However, from studies of prototype tetraspanins, information regarding functions, cell biology, and structural organization has begun to emerge. Genetic evidence points to critical roles for tetraspanins on oocytes during fertilization, in fungi during leaf invasion, in Drosophila embryos during neuromuscular synapse formation, during T and B lymphocyte activation, in brain function, and in retinal degeneration. From structure and mutagenesis studies, we are beginning to understand functional subregions within tetraspanins, as well as the levels of connections among tetraspanins and their many associated proteins. Tetraspanin-enriched microdomains (TEMs) are emerging as entities physically and functionally distinct from lipid rafts. These microdomains now provide a context in which to evaluate tetraspanins in the regulation of growth factor signaling and in the modulation of integrin-mediated post-cell adhesion events. Finally, the enrichment of tetraspanins within secreted vesicles called exosomes, coupled with hints that tetraspanins may regulate vesicle fusion and/or fission, suggests exciting new directions for future research.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Functional rafts in cell membranes
Simons, K., & Ikonen, E. (1997) · Nature · doi:10.1038/42408 · Cited by 9,757
B lymphocytes secrete antigen-presenting vesicles.
Raposo, G., Nijman, H. W., Stoorvogel, W., Liejendekker, R., Harding, C. V., Melief, C. J., & Geuze, H. J. (1996) · The Journal of experimental medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.183.3.1161 · Cited by 3,546
FUNCTIONS OF LIPID RAFTS IN BIOLOGICAL MEMBRANES
Brown, D. A., & London, E. (1998) · Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.1146/annurev.cellbio.14.1.111 · Cited by 2,948
Tumor-derived exosomes are a source of shared tumor rejection antigens for CTL cross-priming
Wolfers, J., Lozier, A., Raposo, G., Regnault, A., Théry, C., Masurier, C., Flament, C., Pouzieux, S., Faure, F., Tursz, T., et al. (2001) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/85438 · Cited by 1,640
Resh, M. D. (1999) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Cell Research · doi:10.1016/s0167-4889(99)00075-0 · Cited by 1,250
Escola, J.-M., Kleijmeer, M. J., Stoorvogel, W., Griffith, J. M., Yoshie, O., & Geuze, H. J. (1998) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.273.32.20121 · Cited by 1,228
Bromley, S. K., Burack, W. R., Johnson, K. G., Somersalo, K., Sims, T. N., Sumen, C., Davis, M. M., Shaw, A. S., Allen, P. M., & Dustin, M. L. (2001) · Annual Review of Immunology · doi:10.1146/annurev.immunol.19.1.375 · Cited by 979
The tetraspanin superfamily: molecular facilitators
Maecker, H. T., Todd, S. C., & Levy, S. (1997) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fasebj.11.6.9194523 · Cited by 931
Digenic Retinitis Pigmentosa Due to Mutations at the Unlinked Peripherin/ RDS and ROM1 Loci
Kajiwara, K., Berson, E. L., & Dryja, T. P. (1994) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.8202715 · Cited by 775
Requirement of CD9 on the Egg Plasma Membrane for Fertilization
Miyado, K., Yamada, G., Yamada, S., Hasuwa, H., Nakamura, Y., Ryu, F., Suzuki, K., Kosai, K., Inoue, K., Ogura, A., et al. (2000) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.287.5451.321 · Cited by 686
Cited by
Extracellular vesicles: Exosomes, microvesicles, and friends
Raposo, G., & Stoorvogel, W. (2013) · Journal of Cell Biology · doi:10.1083/jcb.201211138 · Cited by 8,099
Pegtel, D. M., & Gould, S. J. (2019) · Annual Review of Biochemistry · doi:10.1146/annurev-biochem-013118-111902 · Cited by 2,682
Tetraspanin functions and associated microdomains
Hemler, M. E. (2005) · Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/nrm1736 · Cited by 1,355
Self-citationGurunathan, S., Kang, M.-H., Jeyaraj, M., Qasim, M., & Kim, J.-H. (2019) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells8040307 · Cited by 1,122
Biogenesis and Function of Multivesicular Bodies
Piper, R. C., & Katzmann, D. J. (2007) · Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.1146/annurev.cellbio.23.090506.123319 · Cited by 771
Metadata
- Authors
- Hemler, M. E.
- Venue
- Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology
- Publisher
- Annual Reviews
- Published
- 2003-11
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 397-422
- ISSN
- 1081-0706 (ISSN-L)
- 1530-8995
- OpenAlex
- W2129396527
- Cited by
- 831
- References
- 129
- FWCI
- 2.64
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Tetraspanin Proteins Mediate Cellular Penetration, Invasion, and Fusion Events and Define a Novel Type of Membrane Microdomain. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1146/annurev.cellbio.19.111301.153609
- The paper
- Hemler, M. E. (2003). Tetraspanin Proteins Mediate Cellular Penetration, Invasion, and Fusion Events and Define a Novel Type of Membrane Microdomain. Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.cellbio.19.111301.153609
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
