Positive and negative selection of T cells
Abstract
A functional immune system requires the selection of T lymphocytes expressing receptors that are major histocompatibility complex restricted but tolerant to self-antigens. This selection occurs predominantly in the thymus, where lymphocyte precursors first assemble a surface receptor. In this review we summarize the current state of the field regarding the natural ligands and molecular factors required for positive and negative selection and discuss a model for how these disparate outcomes can be signaled via the same receptor. We also discuss emerging data on the selection of regulatory T cells. Such cells require a high-affinity interaction with self-antigens, yet differentiate into regulatory cells instead of being eliminated.
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Regulatory T-cells suppress autoimmunity through active targeting of autoreactive T-cells that are erroneously present in the periphery.
“T regs suppress autoimmunity through active targeting of autoreactive T-cells that are erroneously present in the periphery [82].”
From Physiologic functions of PP2A: Lessons from genetically modified mice (2019) · cites this paper as [82]
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Regulatory T cells: mechanisms of differentiation and function
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Mechanisms regulating T-cell infiltration and activity in solid tumors
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T lymphocytes in the intestinal mucosa: defense and tolerance
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- Authors
- Starr, T. K., Jameson, S. C., & Hogquist, K. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Minnesota (US)
- Venue
- Annual Review of Immunology
- Publisher
- Annual Reviews
- Published
- 2003-04
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 139-176
- ISSN
- 0732-0582 (ISSN-L)
- 1545-3278
- OpenAlex
- W2114569569
- Cited by
- 1,601
- References
- 240
- Citations by year
- 2026: 18 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 42 · 2023: 42 · 2022: 53 · 2021: 69 · 2020: 61 · 2019: 41 · 2018: 63 · 2017: 61 · 2016: 64 · 2015: 63 · 2014: 82 · 2013: 90 · 2012: 82
- FWCI
- 7.47
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Annual Review of Immunology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
- Keywords
- T cell selection, positive selection, negative selection, thymus, T cell receptor, major histocompatibility complex, self-tolerance, autoantigens, regulatory T cells
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cell Differentiation, Epithelial Cells, Humans, Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, T-Lymphocytes, Thymus Gland, Transcription Factors, Gene Rearrangement, alpha-Chain T-Cell Antigen Receptor, Signal Transduction, Clonal Deletion, Models, Immunological, Mice
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