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Cited by 979Smoking Behavior and CessationNicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors StudySubstance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 90 of the 90 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Pharmacology of Nicotine: Addiction, Smoking-Induced Disease, and Therapeutics

Open access
Benowitz, Neal L.·2009·Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology
DOI 10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.48.113006.094742PMC PMC2946180
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Abstract

Nicotine sustains tobacco addiction, a major cause of disability and premature death. Nicotine binds to nicotinic cholinergic receptors, facilitating neurotransmitter release and thereby mediating the complex actions of nicotine in tobacco users. Dopamine, glutamate, and gamma aminobutyric acid release are particularly important in the development of nicotine dependence, and corticotropin-releasing factor appears to contribute to nicotine withdrawal. Nicotine dependence is highly heritable. Genetic studies indicate roles for nicotinic receptor subtypes, as well as genes involved in neuroplasticity and learning, in development of dependence. Nicotine is primarily metabolized by CYP 2A6, and variability in rate of metabolism contributes to vulnerability to tobacco dependence, response to smoking cessation treatment, and lung cancer risk. Tobacco addiction is much more common in persons with mental illness and substance abuse disorders, representing a high proportion of current smokers. Pharmacotherapeutic approaches to tobacco addiction include nicotine replacement, bupropion, and varenicline, the latter a selective nicotine receptor partial agonist.

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Research works printed but not linked: 4

  1. Cent. Dis. Control Prev, 2002, MMWR, 51, 637
  2. Colton CW, 2006, Prev. Chronic Dis., 3, A42
  3. Slemmer JE, 2000, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 295, 321
  4. Cahill K, 2007, Cochrane Database Syst. Rev., 2007, CD005353

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Metadata

Authors
Benowitz, N. L.
Affiliations
San Francisco General Hospital (US)
Corresponding author
Benowitz, Neal L.
ORCID
Benowitz, Neal L.
Venue
Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology
Publisher
Annual Reviews
Published
2009-02-01
Volume
49
Issue
1
Pages
57-71
ISSN
  • 0362-1642 (ISSN-L)
  • 1545-4304
DOI
10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.48.113006.094742
PMC
PMC2946180
OpenAlex
W2137599927
Cited by
979
References
90
Citations by year
2026: 75 · 2025: 89 · 2024: 91 · 2023: 89 · 2022: 72 · 2021: 70 · 2020: 60 · 2019: 56 · 2018: 42 · 2017: 55 · 2016: 37 · 2015: 42 · 2014: 43 · 2013: 39 · 2012: 35
FWCI
2.95
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • The Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • U.S. Public Health Service
  • National Institute on Drug Abuse (DA20830, DA02277, R01DA002277, U01DA020830, R37DA002277)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Study
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
Keywords
nicotine, tobacco dependence, nicotine dependence, nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, nicotine withdrawal, dopamine release, glutamate release, GABA release, corticotropin-releasing factor, genetic susceptibility, CYP2A6, nicotine metabolism, lung cancer risk, smoking cessation, mental illness, substance abuse, nicotine replacement therapy, bupropion, varenicline, partial agonists
MeSH terms
Varenicline, Animals, Benzazepines, Nonprescription Drugs, Ganglionic Stimulants, Humans, Nicotine, Quinoxalines, Smoking, Tobacco Use Disorder, Bupropion, Behavior, Addictive, Nicotinic Agonists

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