The DOI matches its Crossref record; 1 of the 1 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
MR Procedures: Biologic Effects, Safety, and Patient Care
Abstract
The technology used for magnetic resonance (MR) procedures has evolved continuously during the past 20 years, yielding MR systems with stronger static magnetic fields, faster and stronger gradient magnetic fields, and more powerful radiofrequency transmission coils. Most reported cases of MR-related injuries and the few fatalities that have occurred have apparently been the result of failure to follow safety guidelines or of use of inappropriate or outdated information related to the safety aspects of biomedical implants and devices. To prevent accidents in the MR environment, therefore, it is necessary to revise information on biologic effects and safety according to changes that have occurred in MR technology and with regard to current guidelines for biomedical implants and devices. This review provides an overview of and update on MR biologic effects, discusses new or controversial MR safety topics and issues, presents evidence-based guidelines to ensure safety for patients and staff, and describes safety information for various implants and devices that have recently undergone evaluation.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Rezai, A. R., Phillips, M., Baker, K. B., Sharan, A. D., Nyenhuis, J., Tkach, J., Henderson, J., & Shellock, F. G. (2004) · Investigative Radiology · doi:10.1097/01.rli.0000124940.02340.ab · Cited by 192
Self-citation
Cited by
ESC Guidelines on the management of cardiovascular diseases during pregnancy
Endorsed by the European Society of Gynecology (ESG), T. A. F. E. P. C. (., Authors/Task Force Members, Regitz-Zagrosek, V., Blomstrom Lundqvist, C., Borghi, C., Cifkova, R., Ferreira, R., Foidart, J.-M., Gibbs, J. S. R., Gohlke-Baerwolf, C., et al. (2011) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehr218 · Cited by 1,924
GUIDELINES ON LIMITS OF EXPOSURE TO STATIC MAGNETIC FIELDS
(2009) · Health Physics · doi:10.1097/01.hp.0000343164.27920.4a · Cited by 455
Real-time fMRI neurofeedback: Progress and challenges
Sulzer, J., Haller, S., Scharnowski, F., Weiskopf, N., Birbaumer, N., Blefari, M. L., Bruehl, A. B., Cohen, L. G., deCharms, R. C., Gassert, R., et al. (2013) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.03.033 · Cited by 453
MR Labeling Information for Implants and Devices: Explanation of Terminology
Shellock, F. G., Woods, T. O., & Crues, J. V. (2009) · Radiology · doi:10.1148/radiol.2531091030 · Cited by 181
Self-citationDeep brain stimulation and electromagnetic interference
Rahimpour, S., Kiyani, M., Hodges, S. E., & Turner, D. A. (2021) · Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery · doi:10.1016/j.clineuro.2021.106577 · Cited by 63
Metadata
- Authors
- Shellock, F. G., & Crues, J. V.
- Venue
- Radiology
- Published
- 2004-09
- Volume
- 232
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 635-652
- ISSN
- 0033-8419 (ISSN-L)
- 1527-1315
- OpenAlex
- W2065765413
- Cited by
- 563
- References
- 1
- FWCI
- 21.12
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: MR Procedures: Biologic Effects, Safety, and Patient Care. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1148/radiol.2323030830
- The paper
- Shellock, F. G., & Crues, J. V. (2004). MR Procedures: Biologic Effects, Safety, and Patient Care. Radiology. https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2323030830
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
