Osteocyte-derived insulin-like growth factor I is essential for determining bone mechanosensitivity
Abstract
This study sought to determine whether deficient Igf1 expression in osteocytes would affect loading-induced osteogenic response. Tibias of osteocyte Igf1 conditional knockout (KO) mice (generated by cross-breeding Igf1 floxed mice with Dmp1- Cre transgenic mice) and wild-type (WT) littermates were subjected to four-point bending for 2 wk. Microcomputed tomography confirmed that the size of tibias of conditional mutants was smaller. Loading with an equivalent loading strain increased periosteal woven bone and endosteal lamellar bone formation in WT mice but not in conditional KO mice. Consistent with the lack of an osteogenic response, the loading failed to upregulate expression of early mechanoresponsive genes ( Igf1, Cox-2, c-fos) or osteogenic genes ( Cbfa-1, and osteocalcin) in conditional KO bones. The lack of osteogenic response was not due to reduced osteocyte density or insufficient loading strain. Deficient osteocyte Igf1 expression reduced the loading-induced upregulation of expression of canonical Wnt signaling genes ( Wnt10b, Lrp5, Dkk1, sFrp2). The loading also reduced (by 40%) Sost expression in WT mice, but the loading not only did not reduce but upregulated (∼1.5-fold) Sost expression in conditional KO mice. Conditional disruption of Igf1 in osteocytes also abolished the loading-induced increase in the bone β-catenin protein level. These findings suggest an impaired response in the loading-induced upregulation of the Wnt signaling in conditional KO mice. In summary, conditional disruption of Igf1 in osteocytes abolished the loading-induced activation of the Wnt signaling and the corresponding osteogenic response. In conclusion, osteocyte-derived IGF-I plays a key determining role in bone mechanosensitivity.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
IGF-1 is produced under loading and might contribute to the mechanotransduction process.
“Since IGF-1 is produced under loading, it might contribute to the mechanotransduction process.214”
From Bone remodeling: an operational process ensuring survival and bone mechanical competence (2022) · cites this paper as [214]
Increased insulin in MAFLD patients mimics the action of IGF1 through binding with IGF-1 receptors on osteocytes, further suppressing sclerostin production.
“This might be explained by “insulin-based”: increased insulin in MAFLD patients mimics the action of IGF1 through binding with IGF-1 receptors on osteocytes, further suppressing sclerostin production [140].”
From Emerging role of liver-bone axis in osteoporosis (2024) · cites this paper as [140]
Cites
Control of β-Catenin Phosphorylation/Degradation by a Dual-Kinase Mechanism
Liu, C., Li, Y., Semënov, M. V., Han, C., Baeg, G., Tan, Y., Zhang, Z., Lin, X., & He, X. (2002) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(02)00685-2 · Cited by 2,066 · see citing works
Cowin, S. C. (2001) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/b14263 · Cited by 1,456 · see citing works
Sclerostin Binds to LRP5/6 and Antagonizes Canonical Wnt Signaling
Li, X., Zhang, Y., Kang, H., Liu, W., Liu, P., Zhang, J., Harris, S. E., & Wu, D. (2005) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m413274200 · Cited by 1,366 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Since it has been established that the secreted osteocyte-derived Sost interferes negatively with the binding of Wnt to its receptor/coreceptors (34), resulting in suppression of the canonical Wnt signaling in osteoblasts (65), we speculate that the loading-induced Sost suppression would lead to increased osteoblastic…”
BackgroundMechanical Stimulation of Bone in Vivo Reduces Osteocyte Expression of Sost/Sclerostin
Robling, A. G., Niziolek, P. J., Baldridge, L. A., Condon, K. W., Allen, M. R., Alam, I., Mantila, S. M., Gluhak-Heinrich, J., Bellido, T. M., Harris, S. E., et al. (2008) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m705092200 · Cited by 1,350 · see citing works
Kremen proteins are Dickkopf receptors that regulate Wnt/β-catenin signalling
Mao, B., Wu, W., Davidson, G., Marhold, J., Li, M., Mechler, B. M., Delius, H., Hoppe, D., Stannek, P., Walter, C., et al. (2002) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature756 · Cited by 1,038 · see citing works
Targeted ablation of osteocytes induces osteoporosis with defective mechanotransduction.
Tatsumi, S., Ishii, K., Amizuka, N., Li, M., Kobayashi, T., Kohno, K., Ito, M., Takeshita, S., & Ikeda, K. (2007) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2007.05.001 · Cited by 848 · see citing works
Sensitivity of osteocytes to biomechanical stress in vitro
Klein‐Nulend, J., van der Plas, A., Semeins, C. M., Ajubi, N. E., Erangos, J. A., Nijweide, P. J., & Burger, E. H. (1995) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fasebj.9.5.7896017 · Cited by 776 · see citing works
Mohan, S., & Baylink, D. J. (1991) · Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research · doi:10.1097/00003086-199102000-00004 · Cited by 533 · see citing works
Self-citationWnt/β-Catenin Signaling Is a Normal Physiological Response to Mechanical Loading in Bone
Robinson, J. A., Chatterjee‐Kishore, M., Yaworsky, P. J., Cullen, D. M., Zhao, W., Li, C., Kharode, Y. P., Sauter, L., Babij, P., Brown, E. L., et al. (2006) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m602308200 · Cited by 522 · see citing works
Bass, S. L., Saxon, L., Daly, R. M., Turner, C. H., Robling, A. G., Seeman, E., & STUCKEY, S. L. (2002) · Journal of Bone and Mineral Research · doi:10.1359/jbmr.2002.17.12.2274 · Cited by 496 · see citing works
Mechanical loading thresholds for lamellar and woven bone formation
Turner, C. H., Forwood, M. R., Rho, J. Y., & Yoshikawa, T. (1994) · Journal of Bone and Mineral Research · doi:10.1002/jbmr.5650090113 · Cited by 476 · see citing works
Tu, X., Rhee, Y., Condon, K. W., Bivi, N., Allen, M. R., Dwyer, D., Stolina, M., Turner, C. H., Robling, A. G., Plotkin, L. I., et al. (2011) · Bone · doi:10.1016/j.bone.2011.10.025 · Cited by 458 · see citing works
Kleinnulend, J., Semeins, C. M., Ajubi, N. E., Nijweide, P. J., & Burger, E. H. (1995) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1006/bbrc.1995.2822 · Cited by 425 · see citing works
Cawthorn, W. P., Bree, A. J., Yao, Y., Du, B., Hemati, N., Martinez-Santibañez, G., & MacDougald, O. A. (2011) · Bone · doi:10.1016/j.bone.2011.08.010 · Cited by 417 · see citing works
Pavalko, F. M., Chen, N. X., Turner, C. H., Burr, D. B., Atkinson, S. J., Hsieh, Y., Qiu, J., & Duncan, R. L. (1998) · American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpcell.1998.275.6.c1591 · Cited by 404 · see citing works
PTH Differentially Regulates Expression of RANKL and OPG
Huang, J. C., Sakata, T., Pfleger, L. L., Bencsik, M., Halloran, B. P., Bikle, D. D., & Nissenson, R. A. (2004) · Journal of Bone and Mineral Research · doi:10.1359/jbmr.0301226 · Cited by 379 · see citing works
Kapur, S., Baylink, D. J., & Lau, K. ‐. W. (2003) · Bone · doi:10.1016/s8756-3282(02)00979-1 · Cited by 364 · see citing works
Self-citationBafico, A., Gazit, A., Tata, P., Finch, P. W., Yaniv, A., & Aaronson, S. A. (1999) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.274.23.16180 · Cited by 353 · see citing works
Bone Strength: Current Concepts
Turner, C. H. (2006) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1196/annals.1346.039 · Cited by 343 · see citing works
Kamioka, H., Honjo, T., & Takano‐Yamamoto, T. (2001) · Bone · doi:10.1016/s8756-3282(00)00421-x · Cited by 287 · see citing works
Fedi, P., Bafico, A., Nieto, A., Burgess, W. H., Miki, T., Bottaro, D. P., Kraus, M. H., & Aaronson, S. A. (1999) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.274.27.19465 · Cited by 274 · see citing works
Kim, S. W., Pajevic, P. D., Selig, M., Barry, K. J., Yang, J.-Y., Shin, C. S., Baek, W.-Y., Kim, J.-E., & Kronenberg, H. M. (2012) · Journal of Bone and Mineral Research · doi:10.1002/jbmr.1665 · Cited by 266 · see citing works
Wnt Signaling to β-Catenin Involves Two Interactive Components
Chen, R., Ding, W. V., & McCormick, F. P. (2000) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m905336199 · Cited by 217 · see citing works
Pulsatile and steady flow induces c‐fos expression in human endothelial cells
Hsieh, H., Li, N., & Frangos, J. A. (1993) · Journal of Cellular Physiology · doi:10.1002/jcp.1041540118 · Cited by 202 · see citing works
Powell, W. F., Barry, K. J., Tulum, I., Kobayashi, T., Harris, S. E., Bringhurst, F. R., & Pajevic, P. D. (2011) · Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/joe-10-0308 · Cited by 202 · see citing works
Lean, J. M., Jagger, C., Chambers, T. J., & Chow, J. W. M. (1995) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.1995.268.2.e318 · Cited by 191 · see citing works
Bone Response to In Vivo Mechanical Loading in Two Breeds of Mice
Akhter, M. P., Cullen, D. M., Pedersen, E. A., et al. (1998) · Calcified Tissue International · doi:10.1007/s002239900554 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Wergedal, J. E., Mohan, S., Lundy, M. W., & Baylink, D. J. (1990) · Journal of Bone and Mineral Research · doi:10.1002/jbmr.5650050212 · Cited by 164 · see citing works
Self-citationWinkler, D. G., Sutherland, M. S. K., Ojala, E., Turcott, E., Geoghegan, J. C., Shpektor, D., Skonier, J. E., Yu, C., & Latham, J. A. (2005) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m400524200 · Cited by 164 · see citing works
Kodama, Y., Umemura, Y., Nagasawa, S., Beamer, W. G., Donahue, L. R., Rosen, C. J., Baylink, D. J., & Farley, J. R. (2000) · Calcified Tissue International · doi:10.1007/s002230010060 · Cited by 162 · see citing works
Self-citationQiao, M., Shapiro, P. S., Kumar, R., & Passaniti, A. (2004) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m404480200 · Cited by 147 · see citing works
Lu, X. L., Huo, B., Chiang, V., & Guo, X.-D. E. (2011) · Journal of Bone and Mineral Research · doi:10.1002/jbmr.1474 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
Lean, J. M., Mackay, A. G., Chow, J. W., & Chambers, T. J. (1996) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.1996.270.6.e937 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Mechanotransduction in Stretched Osteocytes—Temporal Expression of Immediate Early and Other Genes
Kawata, A., & Mikuni‐Takagaki, Y. (1998) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1006/bbrc.1998.8632 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Mechanical responses and signal transduction pathways in stretched osteocytes
Mikuni‐Takagaki, Y. (1999) · Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism · doi:10.1007/s007740050065 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Conditional deletion of Pkd1 in osteocytes disrupts skeletal mechanosensing in mice
Xiao, Z., Dallas, M., Qiu, N., Nicolella, D. P., Cao, L., Johnson, M. L., Bonewald, L. F., & Quarles, L. D. (2011) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.10-180299 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Self-citationMechanosensing by the Primary Cilium: Deletion of Kif3A Reduces Bone Formation Due to Loading
Temiyasathit, S., Tang, W. J., Leucht, P., Anderson, C. T., Monica, S. D., Castillo, A. B., Helms, J. A., Stearns, T., & Jacobs, C. R. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0033368 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Radcliff, K. E., Tang, T.-B., Lim, J., Zhang, Z., Abedin, M., Demer, L. L., & Tintut, Y. (2005) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/01.res.0000157671.47477.71 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Secreted Frizzle-Related Protein 2 Stimulates Angiogenesis via a Calcineurin/NFAT Signaling Pathway
Courtwright, A., Siamakpour‐Reihani, S., Arbiser, J. L., Banet, N., Hilliard, E., Fried, L. E., Livasy, C., Ketelsen, D., Nepal, D. B., Perou, C. M., et al. (2009) · Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/0008-5472.can-08-3402 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Sakata, T., Wang, Y., Halloran, B. P., Elalieh, H. Z., Cao, J., & Bikle, D. D. (2004) · Journal of Bone and Mineral Research · doi:10.1359/jbmr.0301241 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Sheng, M. H. ‐., Zhou, X.-D., Bonewald, L. F., Baylink, D. J., & Lau, K. ‐. W. (2012) · Bone · doi:10.1016/j.bone.2012.09.027 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Self-citationMorphologie stages in lamellar bone formation stimulated by a potent mechanical stimulus
Rubin, C. T., Gross, T. S., McLeod, K. J., & Bain, S. D. (1995) · Journal of Bone and Mineral Research · doi:10.1002/jbmr.5650100321 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
The Mesenchymal Stem Cell Antigen MSCA-1 is Identical to Tissue Non-specific Alkaline Phosphatase
Sobiesiak, M., Sivasubramaniyan, K., Hermann, C., Tan, C., Örgel, M., Treml, S., Cerabona, F., de Zwart, P., Ochs, U., Müller, C. A., et al. (2009) · Stem Cells and Development · doi:10.1089/scd.2009.0290 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Mii, Y., & Taira, M. (2011) · Development Growth & Differentiation · doi:10.1111/j.1440-169x.2011.01299.x · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Zhou, H., Newnum, A. B., Martin, J. R., Li, P., Nelson, M. T., Moh, A., Fu, X.-Y., Yokota, H., & Li, J. (2011) · Bone · doi:10.1016/j.bone.2011.04.020 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Effect of mechanical loading on insulin-like growth factor-I gene expression in rat tibia
Reijnders, C. M. A., Bravenboer, N., Tromp, A., et al. (2007) · Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1677/joe.1.06880 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Sakata, S., Barkmann, R., Lochmüller, E., Heller, M., & Glüer, C. (2004) · Journal of Bone and Mineral Research · doi:10.1359/jbmr.040131 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Esteve, P., Sandonís, Á., Ibáñez, C., Shimono, A., Guerrero, I., & Bovolenta, P. (2011) · Development · doi:10.1242/dev.065839 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Connexin43 deficiency reduces the sensitivity of cortical bone to the effects of muscle paralysis
Grimston, S. K., Goldberg, D. B., Watkins, M. P., Brodt, M. D., Silva, M. J., & Civitelli, R. (2011) · Journal of Bone and Mineral Research · doi:10.1002/jbmr.425 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Kohler, T., Beyeler, M., Webster, D. J., et al. (2005) · Calcified Tissue International · doi:10.1007/s00223-005-0039-2 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Secreted Frizzled-related protein-2 (sFRP2) augments canonical Wnt3a-induced signaling
von Marschall, Z., & Fisher, L. W. (2010) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.08.043 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Skeletal unloading induces resistance to insulin-like growth factor I on bone formation
Sakata, T., Halloran, B. P., Elalieh, H. Z., Munson, S. J., Rudner, L., Venton, L. L., Ginzinger, D. G., Rosen, C. J., & Bikle, D. D. (2003) · Bone · doi:10.1016/s8756-3282(03)00088-7 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Kohler, T., Stauber, M., Donahue, L. R., et al. (2007) · Bone · doi:10.1016/j.bone.2007.05.018 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Hara, M., Tabata, K., Suzuki, T., Do, M. Q., Mizunoya, W., Nakamura, M., Nishimura, S., Tabata, S., Ikeuchi, Y., Sunagawa, K., et al. (2012) · American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpcell.00068.2012 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Kapur, S., Mohan, S., Baylink, D. J., et al. (2005) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m501460200 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Self-citationThe Response of Vocal Fold Fibroblasts and Mesenchymal Stromal Cells to Vibration
Gaston, J. D., Quinchia-Rios, B. H., Bartlett, R. S., Berchtold, C. M., & Thibeault, S. L. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0030965 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
The role of prostaglandins and nitric oxide in the response of bone to mechanical forces
Chambers, T. J., Fox, S. W., Jagger, C., et al. (1999) · Osteoarthritis and Cartilage · doi:10.1053/joca.1998.0231 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Mason, D. J., Hillam, R. A., & Skerry, T. M. (1996) · Journal of Bone and Mineral Research · doi:10.1002/jbmr.5650110308 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Main, R. P., Lynch, M. E., & van der Meulen, M. C. H. (2010) · Journal of Biomechanics · doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2010.06.019 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Kele, J., Andersson, E. R., Villaescusa, C., Čajánek, L., Parish, C. L., Bonilla, S., Toledo, E. M., Bryja, V., Rubin, J. S., Shimono, A., et al. (2012) · Stem Cells · doi:10.1002/stem.1049 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Kesavan, C., Wergedal, J. E., Lau, K. ‐. W., et al. (2011) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00440.2011 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Self-citationKamioka, H., Ishihara, Y., Ris, H., Murshid, S. A., Sugawara, Y., Takano‐Yamamoto, T., & Lim, S. (2007) · Microscopy and Microanalysis · doi:10.1017/s143192760707016x · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Ishihara, Y., Sugawara, Y., Kamioka, H., Kawanabe, N., Hayano, S., Balam, T. A., Naruse, K., & Yamashiro, T. (2012) · Bone · doi:10.1016/j.bone.2012.12.002 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Sheng, M. H. ‐., Lau, K. ‐. W., Beamer, W. G., Baylink, D. J., & Wergedal, J. E. (2004) · Bone · doi:10.1016/j.bone.2004.05.013 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Self-citationKapur, S., Amoui, M., Kesavan, C., Wang, X., Mohan, S., Baylink, D. J., & Lau, K. ‐. W. (2010) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m110.169714 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Self-citationBrun, J., Fromigué, O., Dieudonné, F., Marty, C., Chen, J., Dahan, J., Yu, W., & Marie, P. J. (2012) · Bone · doi:10.1016/j.bone.2012.11.020 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Papachristou, D. J., Papachroni, K. K., Papavassiliou, G. A., Pirttiniemi, P. M., Gorgoulis, V. G., Piperi, C., & Basdra, E. K. (2009) · Archives of Oral Biology · doi:10.1016/j.archoralbio.2009.08.010 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
25 th Anniversary of The FASEB Journal
Weissmann, G. (2011) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.11-0101ufm · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Constrained tibial vibration does not produce an anabolic bone response in adult mice
Christiansen, B., Kotiya, A. A., & Silva, M. J. (2009) · Bone · doi:10.1016/j.bone.2009.06.025 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Soria, B., Navas, S., Hmadcha, A., & Hamill, O. P. (2012) · The Journal of Membrane Biology · doi:10.1007/s00232-012-9523-6 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Ronchi, C. B. B., Ronchi, C. F., Corrêa, C. R., et al. (2011) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fasebj.25.1_supplement.106.8 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Osteocytes: master orchestrators of bone
Schaffler, M. B., Cheung, W.-Y., Majeska, R., & Kennedy, O. (2014) · Calcified Tissue International · doi:10.1007/s00223-013-9790-y · Cited by 514 · see citing works
Bone remodeling: an operational process ensuring survival and bone mechanical competence
Bolamperti, S., Villa, I., & Rubinacci, A. (2022) · Bone Research · doi:10.1038/s41413-022-00219-8 · Cited by 482 · see citing works
Bone-muscle crosstalk under physiological and pathological conditions
Dong, Y., Yuan, H., Ma, G., & Cao, H. (2024) · Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences · doi:10.1007/s00018-024-05331-y · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Emerging role of liver-bone axis in osteoporosis
Gao, H., Peng, X., Li, N., Gou, L., Xu, T., Wang, Y., Qin, J., Liang, H., Ma, P., Li, S., et al. (2024) · Journal of Orthopaedic Translation · doi:10.1016/j.jot.2024.07.008 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Circulating sclerostin and Dickkopf-1 levels in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Polyzos, S. A., Anastasilakis, A. D., Kountouras, J., Makras, P., Papatheodorou, A., Kokkoris, P., Sakellariou, G. T., & Terpos, E. (2016) · Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism · doi:10.1007/s00774-015-0687-x · Cited by 32 · see citing works
- Authors
- William Lau, K.-H., Baylink, D. J., Zhou, X.-D., Rodriguez, D., Bonewald, L. F., Li, Z., Ruffoni, D., Müller, R., Kesavan, C., & Sheng, M. H.-C.
- Affiliations
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California;
- Loma Linda University Medical Center (US)
- University of Missouri–Kansas City (US)
- ETH Zurich (CH)
- Jerry L. Pettis Memorial VA Medical Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Sheng, Matilda H.-C.
- Venue
- American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 2013-07-15
- Volume
- 305
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- E271-E281
- ISSN
- 0193-1849 (ISSN-L)
- 1522-1555
- OpenAlex
- W2150256970
- Cited by
- 94
- References
- 71
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 3
- FWCI
- 5.52
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- ORBi (University of Liège) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Telemedicine and Advanced Technology Research Center
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Bone Metabolism and Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Bone health and osteoporosis research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Wnt/β-catenin signaling in development and cancer
- Keywords
- bone mechanosensitivity, Wnt signaling, canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway, sclerostin, conditional knockout mice, four-point bending, cyclooxygenase-2, c-fos, osteocalcin, bone remodeling
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Biomechanical Phenomena, Bone and Bones, Bone Development, DNA, Genotype, Insulin-Like Growth Factor I, Mice, Transgenic, Osteocytes, Phosphatidylinositols, Tibia, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Blotting, Western, Mice, Knockout, Mechanotransduction, Cellular, Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases, beta Catenin, Mice, Wnt Signaling Pathway, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
