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Endurance training reduces the contraction-induced interleukin-6 mRNA expression in human skeletal muscle
Abstract
Contracting skeletal muscle expresses large amounts of IL-6. Because 1) IL-6 mRNA expression in contracting skeletal muscle is enhanced by low muscle glycogen content, and 2) IL-6 increases lipolysis and oxidation of fatty acids, we hypothesized that regular exercise training, associated with increased levels of resting muscle glycogen and enhanced capacity to oxidize fatty acids, would lead to a less-pronounced increase of skeletal muscle IL-6 mRNA in response to acute exercise. Thus, before and after 10 wk of knee extensor endurance training, skeletal muscle IL-6 mRNA expression was determined in young healthy men (n = 7) in response to 3 h of dynamic knee extensor exercise, using the same relative workload. Maximal power output, time to exhaustion during submaximal exercise, resting muscle glycogen content, and citrate synthase and 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase enzyme activity were all significantly enhanced by training. IL-6 mRNA expression in resting skeletal muscle did not change in response to training. However, although absolute workload during acute exercise was 44% higher (P < 0.05) after the training period, skeletal muscle IL-6 mRNA content increased 76-fold (P < 0.05) in response to exercise before the training period, but only 8-fold (P < 0.05, relative to rest and pretraining) in response to exercise after training. Furthermore, the exercise-induced increase of plasma IL-6 (P < 0.05, pre- and posttraining) was not higher after training despite higher absolute work intensity. In conclusion, the magnitude of the exercise-induced IL-6 mRNA expression in contracting human skeletal muscle was markedly reduced by 10 wk of training.
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“Moreover, the acute exercise-induced rise in systemic levels of IL-6 and muscular IL-6 mRNA are diminished by training in humans (56).”
From Muscle–Organ Crosstalk: The Emerging Roles of Myokines (2020) · cites this paper as [56]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Fischer, C. P., Plomgaard, P., Hansen, A. K., Pilegaard, H., Saltin, B., & Pedersen, B. K.
- Affiliations
- University of Copenhagen (DK)
- ORCID
- Venue
- American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 2004-12
- Volume
- 287
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- E1189-E1194
- ISSN
- 0193-1849 (ISSN-L)
- 1522-1555
- OpenAlex
- W2121051855
- Cited by
- 165
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 7.47
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Keywords
- interleukin-6, skeletal muscle, endurance training, exercise-induced gene expression, muscle glycogen, fatty acid oxidation, citrate synthase, 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase, knee extension exercise, time to exhaustion, maximum power
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Citrate (si)-Synthase, Glycogen, Humans, Knee, Male, Muscle Contraction, Physical Education and Training, Physical Endurance, RNA, Messenger, Time Factors, 3-Hydroxyacyl CoA Dehydrogenases, Interleukin-6, Muscle, Skeletal
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